t-PA, but not desmoteplase, induces plasmin-dependent opening of a blood-brain barrier model under normoxic and ischaemic conditions

Tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) is the only thrombolytic treatment available for patients with acute ischaemic stroke. However, t-PA can increase permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Desmoteplase is a plasminogen activator derived from the common vampire bat, currently under clini...

Celý popis

Uloženo v:
Podrobná bibliografie
Vydáno v:Brain research Ročník 1565; s. 63 - 73
Hlavní autoři: Freeman, Roxann, Niego, Be׳eri, R. Croucher, David, Pedersen, Lars O., Medcalf, Robert L.
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: Amsterdam Elsevier B.V 27.05.2014
Elsevier
Témata:
ICH
BBB
PFA
OGD
ICH
TJ
ISSN:0006-8993, 1872-6240, 1872-6240
On-line přístup:Získat plný text
Tagy: Přidat tag
Žádné tagy, Buďte první, kdo vytvoří štítek k tomuto záznamu!
Abstract Tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) is the only thrombolytic treatment available for patients with acute ischaemic stroke. However, t-PA can increase permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Desmoteplase is a plasminogen activator derived from the common vampire bat, currently under clinical development for ischaemic stroke. We compared how t-PA and desmoteplase influenced BBB permeability using a human in vitro model where primary brain endothelial cells (BEC) and astrocytes are co-cultured on the opposite sides of a porous membrane. Permeability changes were evaluated 6 or 24h post-stimulation by passage of fluorescent albumin across the membrane. Under normoxic conditions, t-PA, but not desmoteplase, increased BBB permeability. Surprisingly, the ability of t-PA to affect the barrier was lost under conditions of oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). Addition of plasminogen re-sensitised the BBB to the action of t-PA under both normoxia and OGD, but did not affect the inert behaviour of desmoteplase, even when digested fibrinogen was added to ensure optimal plasmin generation. These observations coincided with plasmin-dependent changes in astrocyte and BEC morphology and disruption of tight junction proteins in BECs, specifically initiated by t-PA but not by desmoteplase. Finally, inhibition of plasmin post-stimulation with t-PA and plasminogen, especially within 2h, protected the BBB against t-PA-mediated barrier opening. Hence t-PA, but not desmoteplase, increases BBB permeability under both normoxic and OGD conditions in a reversible, plasmin-dependent process. The inability of desmoteplase to increase permeability despite its capacity to generate plasmin provides further support for its use as thrombolytic in patients with ischaemic stroke. •t-PA but not desmoteplase increases blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability in vitro.•Ischaemic conditions attenuate the action of t-PA on BBB permeability.•The increase in BBB permeability by t-PA is reversible only within 2h of onset.•t-PA and desmoteplase bind to LRP-1 with similar affinity.•Desmoteplase does not antagonise the ability of t-PA to increase permeability.
AbstractList Tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) is the only thrombolytic treatment available for patients with acute ischaemic stroke. However, t-PA can increase permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Desmoteplase is a plasminogen activator derived from the common vampire bat, currently under clinical development for ischaemic stroke. We compared how t-PA and desmoteplase influenced BBB permeability using a human in vitro model where primary brain endothelial cells (BEC) and astrocytes are co-cultured on the opposite sides of a porous membrane. Permeability changes were evaluated 6 or 24h post-stimulation by passage of fluorescent albumin across the membrane. Under normoxic conditions, t-PA, but not desmoteplase, increased BBB permeability. Surprisingly, the ability of t-PA to affect the barrier was lost under conditions of oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). Addition of plasminogen re-sensitised the BBB to the action of t-PA under both normoxia and OGD, but did not affect the inert behaviour of desmoteplase, even when digested fibrinogen was added to ensure optimal plasmin generation. These observations coincided with plasmin-dependent changes in astrocyte and BEC morphology and disruption of tight junction proteins in BECs, specifically initiated by t-PA but not by desmoteplase. Finally, inhibition of plasmin post-stimulation with t-PA and plasminogen, especially within 2h, protected the BBB against t-PA-mediated barrier opening. Hence t-PA, but not desmoteplase, increases BBB permeability under both normoxic and OGD conditions in a reversible, plasmin-dependent process. The inability of desmoteplase to increase permeability despite its capacity to generate plasmin provides further support for its use as thrombolytic in patients with ischaemic stroke. •t-PA but not desmoteplase increases blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability in vitro.•Ischaemic conditions attenuate the action of t-PA on BBB permeability.•The increase in BBB permeability by t-PA is reversible only within 2h of onset.•t-PA and desmoteplase bind to LRP-1 with similar affinity.•Desmoteplase does not antagonise the ability of t-PA to increase permeability.
Tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) is the only thrombolytic treatment available for patients with acute ischaemic stroke. However, t-PA can increase permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Desmoteplase is a plasminogen activator derived from the common vampire bat, currently under clinical development for ischaemic stroke. We compared how t-PA and desmoteplase influenced BBB permeability using a human in vitro model where primary brain endothelial cells (BEC) and astrocytes are co-cultured on the opposite sides of a porous membrane. Permeability changes were evaluated 6 or 24h post-stimulation by passage of fluorescent albumin across the membrane. Under normoxic conditions, t-PA, but not desmoteplase, increased BBB permeability. Surprisingly, the ability of t-PA to affect the barrier was lost under conditions of oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). Addition of plasminogen re-sensitised the BBB to the action of t-PA under both normoxia and OGD, but did not affect the inert behaviour of desmoteplase, even when digested fibrinogen was added to ensure optimal plasmin generation. These observations coincided with plasmin-dependent changes in astrocyte and BEC morphology and disruption of tight junction proteins in BECs, specifically initiated by t-PA but not by desmoteplase. Finally, inhibition of plasmin post-stimulation with t-PA and plasminogen, especially within 2h, protected the BBB against t-PA-mediated barrier opening. Hence t-PA, but not desmoteplase, increases BBB permeability under both normoxic and OGD conditions in a reversible, plasmin-dependent process. The inability of desmoteplase to increase permeability despite its capacity to generate plasmin provides further support for its use as thrombolytic in patients with ischaemic stroke.
Abstract Tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) is the only thrombolytic treatment available for patients with acute ischaemic stroke. However, t-PA can increase permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Desmoteplase is a plasminogen activator derived from the common vampire bat, currently under clinical development for ischaemic stroke. We compared how t-PA and desmoteplase influenced BBB permeability using a human in vitro model where primary brain endothelial cells (BEC) and astrocytes are co-cultured on the opposite sides of a porous membrane. Permeability changes were evaluated 6 or 24 h post-stimulation by passage of fluorescent albumin across the membrane. Under normoxic conditions, t-PA, but not desmoteplase, increased BBB permeability. Surprisingly, the ability of t-PA to affect the barrier was lost under conditions of oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). Addition of plasminogen re-sensitised the BBB to the action of t-PA under both normoxia and OGD, but did not affect the inert behaviour of desmoteplase, even when digested fibrinogen was added to ensure optimal plasmin generation. These observations coincided with plasmin-dependent changes in astrocyte and BEC morphology and disruption of tight junction proteins in BECs, specifically initiated by t-PA but not by desmoteplase. Finally, inhibition of plasmin post-stimulation with t-PA and plasminogen, especially within 2 h, protected the BBB against t-PA-mediated barrier opening. Hence t-PA, but not desmoteplase, increases BBB permeability under both normoxic and OGD conditions in a reversible, plasmin-dependent process. The inability of desmoteplase to increase permeability despite its capacity to generate plasmin provides further support for its use as thrombolytic in patients with ischaemic stroke.
Tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) is the only thrombolytic treatment available for patients with acute ischaemic stroke. However, t-PA can increase permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Desmoteplase is a plasminogen activator derived from the common vampire bat, currently under clinical development for ischaemic stroke. We compared how t-PA and desmoteplase influenced BBB permeability using a human in vitro model where primary brain endothelial cells (BEC) and astrocytes are co-cultured on the opposite sides of a porous membrane. Permeability changes were evaluated 6 or 24h post-stimulation by passage of fluorescent albumin across the membrane. Under normoxic conditions, t-PA, but not desmoteplase, increased BBB permeability. Surprisingly, the ability of t-PA to affect the barrier was lost under conditions of oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). Addition of plasminogen re-sensitised the BBB to the action of t-PA under both normoxia and OGD, but did not affect the inert behaviour of desmoteplase, even when digested fibrinogen was added to ensure optimal plasmin generation. These observations coincided with plasmin-dependent changes in astrocyte and BEC morphology and disruption of tight junction proteins in BECs, specifically initiated by t-PA but not by desmoteplase. Finally, inhibition of plasmin post-stimulation with t-PA and plasminogen, especially within 2h, protected the BBB against t-PA-mediated barrier opening. Hence t-PA, but not desmoteplase, increases BBB permeability under both normoxic and OGD conditions in a reversible, plasmin-dependent process. The inability of desmoteplase to increase permeability despite its capacity to generate plasmin provides further support for its use as thrombolytic in patients with ischaemic stroke.Tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) is the only thrombolytic treatment available for patients with acute ischaemic stroke. However, t-PA can increase permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Desmoteplase is a plasminogen activator derived from the common vampire bat, currently under clinical development for ischaemic stroke. We compared how t-PA and desmoteplase influenced BBB permeability using a human in vitro model where primary brain endothelial cells (BEC) and astrocytes are co-cultured on the opposite sides of a porous membrane. Permeability changes were evaluated 6 or 24h post-stimulation by passage of fluorescent albumin across the membrane. Under normoxic conditions, t-PA, but not desmoteplase, increased BBB permeability. Surprisingly, the ability of t-PA to affect the barrier was lost under conditions of oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). Addition of plasminogen re-sensitised the BBB to the action of t-PA under both normoxia and OGD, but did not affect the inert behaviour of desmoteplase, even when digested fibrinogen was added to ensure optimal plasmin generation. These observations coincided with plasmin-dependent changes in astrocyte and BEC morphology and disruption of tight junction proteins in BECs, specifically initiated by t-PA but not by desmoteplase. Finally, inhibition of plasmin post-stimulation with t-PA and plasminogen, especially within 2h, protected the BBB against t-PA-mediated barrier opening. Hence t-PA, but not desmoteplase, increases BBB permeability under both normoxic and OGD conditions in a reversible, plasmin-dependent process. The inability of desmoteplase to increase permeability despite its capacity to generate plasmin provides further support for its use as thrombolytic in patients with ischaemic stroke.
Author Freeman, Roxann
Medcalf, Robert L.
R. Croucher, David
Niego, Be׳eri
Pedersen, Lars O.
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Roxann
  surname: Freeman
  fullname: Freeman, Roxann
  organization: Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Be׳eri
  surname: Niego
  fullname: Niego, Be׳eri
  organization: Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
– sequence: 3
  givenname: David
  surname: R. Croucher
  fullname: R. Croucher, David
  organization: University of Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Lars O.
  surname: Pedersen
  fullname: Pedersen, Lars O.
  organization: Lundbeck A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Robert L.
  surname: Medcalf
  fullname: Medcalf, Robert L.
  email: Robert.medcalf@monash.edu
  organization: Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
BackLink http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=28475717$$DView record in Pascal Francis
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24675027$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
BookMark eNqNkk1v1DAQhi1URLeFv1D5gsShWWzHSRwJIaqqfEiVQALOlj8m4CWxF9tB9M4Pr9PdFVIPlFMy0jOvZ953TtCRDx4QOqNkTQltX27WOirnI6Q1I5SvSb0mrHuEVlR0rGoZJ0doRQhpK9H39TE6SWlTyrruyRN0zHjbNYVfoT-5-nRxjvWcsQ8ZW0hTyLAdVYJz7LydDSS8lJPzlYUteAs-41B-nP-Gw4AV1mMItrqbB2sVo4OIp2BhxHOhYxGOU_jtDFbeYpfMdwVTqUzw1mUXfHqKHg9qTPBs_z1FX99efbl8X11_fPfh8uK6Mg0RuRIgmCathc50Axdcs7rmYtBNbQy0vNOKai6oLhsPtgfBe8IGxbqhN3XTFBtO0Yud7jaGnzOkLKcyDoyj8hDmJGlTNy3ru14U9GyPznoCK7fRTSreyINzBXi-B1Qyahyi8salv5zgXdPRhXu140wMKUUYpHFZLWvnYtgoKZFLoHIjD4HKJVBJarl7pr3XfnjhwcY3u0Yohv4qkchkHHgD1kUwWdrgHpZ4fU_CjM67su0PuIG0CXP0JS5JZWKSyM_LuS3XRnk5NHFn4j8E_meCW3N86fI
CODEN BRREAP
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1016_j_exger_2018_12_017
crossref_primary_10_1161_STROKEAHA_122_039287
crossref_primary_10_1161_CIRCULATIONAHA_116_022582
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jns_2016_09_026
crossref_primary_10_3233_JPD_140454
crossref_primary_10_1089_jop_2018_0070
crossref_primary_10_3389_fneur_2020_577272
crossref_primary_10_1007_s40263_015_0307_2
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_pharmthera_2015_06_004
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_thromres_2019_12_021
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_phrs_2019_03_014
crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0097947
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10557_019_06915_8
crossref_primary_10_1517_17460441_2015_974545
crossref_primary_10_3389_fncel_2015_00396
crossref_primary_10_3390_brainsci9100266
crossref_primary_10_1080_14712598_2016_1227779
crossref_primary_10_1111_vop_12782
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jconrel_2018_01_024
Cites_doi 10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80597-8
10.1038/nm0298-228
10.1038/jcbfm.2011.106
10.1038/nm926
10.1161/01.STR.0000226923.48905.39
10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01514.x
10.1016/j.mcn.2012.10.001
10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1241-12.2012
10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.01.002
10.1111/j.1538-7933.2004.00593.x
10.1016/j.brainresbull.2012.02.002
10.1182/blood.V83.4.994.994
10.1182/blood-2008-02-141630
10.1056/NEJMoa0804656
10.1038/377340a0
10.1161/01.CIR.100.25.2541
10.1182/blood-2011-07-369512
10.1016/j.neuron.2006.04.013
10.1038/nm1787
10.1007/s00018-010-0566-5
10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3299-11.2011
10.1097/MBC.0b013e3282f54568
10.1074/jbc.M513645200
10.1074/jbc.270.43.25596
10.1161/01.STR.26.2.265
10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.06.015
10.1182/blood-2006-08-043125
10.3174/ajnr.A1774
10.1042/BJ20100561
10.1161/01.STR.0000166050.84056.48
10.1523/JNEUROSCI.15-08-05840.1995
10.1016/0306-4522(92)90105-B
10.1159/000118379
10.1161/01.STR.0000258100.04923.84
10.1073/pnas.82.4.1257
10.1182/blood-2009-02-203448
10.1111/j.1747-4949.2012.00910.x
10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60491-6
10.1126/science.1100135
10.1056/NEJMoa1109842
10.1074/mcp.M200077-MCP200
10.1097/00001721-199809000-00003
10.1182/blood-2003-05-1685
10.1172/JCI200319212
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V.
Elsevier B.V.
2015 INIST-CNRS
Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Copyright_xml – notice: 2014 Elsevier B.V.
– notice: Elsevier B.V.
– notice: 2015 INIST-CNRS
– notice: Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
DBID AAYXX
CITATION
IQODW
CGR
CUY
CVF
ECM
EIF
NPM
7X8
DOI 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027
DatabaseName CrossRef
Pascal-Francis
Medline
MEDLINE
MEDLINE (Ovid)
MEDLINE
MEDLINE
PubMed
MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
MEDLINE
Medline Complete
MEDLINE with Full Text
PubMed
MEDLINE (Ovid)
MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitleList
MEDLINE

MEDLINE - Academic

Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: NPM
  name: PubMed
  url: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed
  sourceTypes: Index Database
– sequence: 2
  dbid: 7X8
  name: MEDLINE - Academic
  url: https://search.proquest.com/medline
  sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Anatomy & Physiology
EISSN 1872-6240
EndPage 73
ExternalDocumentID 24675027
28475717
10_1016_j_brainres_2014_03_027
S0006899314003898
1_s2_0_S0006899314003898
Genre Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Journal Article
GroupedDBID ---
--K
--M
-DZ
-~X
.1-
.FO
.~1
0R~
1B1
1P~
1RT
1~.
1~5
23N
4.4
457
4G.
5GY
5RE
5VS
6J9
7-5
71M
8P~
9JM
AABNK
AAEDT
AAEDW
AAIKJ
AAKOC
AALRI
AAOAW
AAQFI
AATTM
AAXKI
AAXLA
AAXUO
AAYWO
ABCQJ
ABFNM
ABFRF
ABIVO
ABJNI
ABLJU
ABMAC
ABTEW
ABUFD
ABXDB
ACDAQ
ACGFO
ACGFS
ACIUM
ACLOT
ACNCT
ACRLP
ACVFH
ADBBV
ADCNI
ADEZE
AEBSH
AEFWE
AEIPS
AEKER
AENEX
AEUPX
AEVXI
AFPUW
AFRHN
AFTJW
AFXIZ
AGUBO
AGWIK
AGYEJ
AHHHB
AIEXJ
AIIUN
AIKHN
AITUG
AJUYK
AKBMS
AKRWK
AKYEP
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
AMRAJ
ANKPU
AXJTR
BKOJK
BLXMC
CS3
DU5
EBS
EFJIC
EFKBS
EFLBG
EJD
EO8
EO9
EP2
EP3
F5P
FDB
FIRID
FNPLU
FYGXN
G-Q
GBLVA
IHE
J1W
K-O
KOM
L7B
M2V
M41
MO0
MOBAO
N9A
O-L
O9-
OAUVE
OP~
OZT
P-8
P-9
P2P
PC.
Q38
ROL
RPZ
SCC
SDF
SDG
SES
SPCBC
SSN
SSZ
T5K
Z5R
ZGI
~G-
~HD
.55
.GJ
41~
53G
AACTN
AAQXK
AAYJJ
ABWVN
ACRPL
ADIYS
ADMUD
ADNMO
AFCTW
AFJKZ
AFKWA
AGHFR
AI.
AJOXV
AMFUW
ASPBG
AVWKF
AZFZN
FEDTE
FGOYB
G-2
HMQ
HVGLF
HZ~
MVM
PKN
R2-
RIG
SEW
SNS
VH1
WUQ
X7M
XPP
AADPK
AAIAV
ABYKQ
AJBFU
9DU
AAYXX
AGQPQ
AIGII
APXCP
CITATION
BNPGV
IQODW
SSH
AGCQF
AGRNS
CGR
CUY
CVF
ECM
EIF
NPM
7X8
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c508t-8e82b06de7c7f484b23348fb53cce647ba1b481b899fd9e84902fa27f9c355993
ISICitedReferencesCount 19
ISICitedReferencesURI http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000336696500007&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN 0006-8993
1872-6240
IngestDate Thu Oct 02 11:26:33 EDT 2025
Mon Jul 21 06:07:41 EDT 2025
Wed Apr 02 07:24:41 EDT 2025
Tue Nov 18 22:19:36 EST 2025
Sat Nov 29 02:36:41 EST 2025
Fri Feb 23 02:19:43 EST 2024
Sun Feb 23 10:19:30 EST 2025
Tue Oct 14 19:35:35 EDT 2025
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Keywords Stroke
BBB
ROCK
Desmoteplase
Oxygen-glucose deprivation
CNBr-fgn
PFA
OGD
Plasmin
ICH
FITC
ZO-1
Blood-brain barrier
TJ
Tissue-type plasminogen activator
LRP-1
LDLR
t-PA
low density lipoprotein receptor
LDLR-related protein 1
oxygen-glucose deprivation
cyanogen bromide-digested fibrinogen
intracerebral haemorrhage
paraformaldehyde
fluorescein isothiocyanate
tissue-type plasminogen activator
blood-brain barrier
tight-junction
Rho-kinase
zonula occludens 1
Central nervous system
Cardiovascular disease
Glucose
Blood brain barrier
t-Plasminogen activator
Encephalon
Vascular disease
Ischemia
Cerebrovascular disease
Nervous system diseases
Oxygen
Deprivation
Serine endopeptidases
Enzyme
Cerebral disorder
Peptidases
Central nervous system disease
Hydrolases
Models
Language English
License CC BY 4.0
Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
LinkModel OpenURL
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c508t-8e82b06de7c7f484b23348fb53cce647ba1b481b899fd9e84902fa27f9c355993
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 23
PMID 24675027
PQID 1535629798
PQPubID 23479
PageCount 11
ParticipantIDs proquest_miscellaneous_1535629798
pubmed_primary_24675027
pascalfrancis_primary_28475717
crossref_citationtrail_10_1016_j_brainres_2014_03_027
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_brainres_2014_03_027
elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_brainres_2014_03_027
elsevier_clinicalkeyesjournals_1_s2_0_S0006899314003898
elsevier_clinicalkey_doi_10_1016_j_brainres_2014_03_027
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2014-05-27
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2014-05-27
PublicationDate_xml – month: 05
  year: 2014
  text: 2014-05-27
  day: 27
PublicationDecade 2010
PublicationPlace Amsterdam
PublicationPlace_xml – name: Amsterdam
– name: Netherlands
PublicationTitle Brain research
PublicationTitleAlternate Brain Res
PublicationYear 2014
Publisher Elsevier B.V
Elsevier
Publisher_xml – name: Elsevier B.V
– name: Elsevier
References Cucullo, Marchi, Marroni, Fazio, Namura, Janigro (bib6) 2003; 2
Wang, Lee, Guo, Kim, Montaner, Wang, Lo (bib40) 2006; 37
Lopez-Atalaya, Roussel, Ali, Maubert, Petersen, Berezowski, Cecchelli, Orset, Vivien (bib17) 2007; 38
Kassner, Roberts, Moran, Silver, Mikulis (bib13) 2009; 30
Medcalf (bib19) 2012; 165
Lees, Bluhmki, von Kummer, Brott, Toni, Grotta, Albers, Kaste, Marler, Hamilton, Tilley, Davis, Donnan, Hacke, Allen, Mau, Meier, del Zoppo, De Silva, Butcher, Parsons, Barber, Levi, Bladin, Byrnes (bib16) 2010; 375
Baranes, Lederfein, Huang, Chen, Bailey, Kandel (bib2) 1998; 21
Parsons, Spratt, Bivard, Campbell, Chung, Miteff, O׳Brien, Bladin, McElduff, Allen, Bateman, Donnan, Davis, Levi (bib28) 2012; 366
Hacke, Kaste, Bluhmki, Brozman, Davalos, Guidetti, Larrue, Lees, Medeghri, Machnig, Schneider, von Kummer, Wahlgren, Toni (bib8) 2008; 359
Niego, Horvath, Coughlin, Pugsley, Medcalf (bib24) 2008; 19
VanGilder, Huber, Rosen, Barr (bib38) 2012; 88
Niego, Freeman, Puschmann, Turnley, Medcalf (bib25) 2012; 119
Wang, Tsirka, Strickland, Stieg, Soriano, Lipton (bib42) 1998; 4
Nagy, Kolev, Csonka, Vastag, Machovich (bib22) 1998; 9
Nagy, Kolev, Csonka, Pek, Machovich (bib21) 1995; 26
Zhai, Acharya, Gravanis, Mehmood, Seidman, Shroyer, Hajjar, Tsirka (bib46) 2011; 31
Kwaan, Wang, Weiss (bib15) 2004; 2
Pang, Teng, Zaitsev, Woo, Sakata, Zhen, Teng, Yung, Hempstead, Lu (bib27) 2004; 306
Wu, Wu, Nicholson, Echeverry, Haile, Catano, An, Lee, Duong, Dammer, Seyfried, Tong, Votaw, Medcalf, Yepes (bib43) 2012; 32
Tsirka, Gualandris, Amaral, Strickland (bib37) 1995; 377
Su, Fredriksson, Geyer, Folestad, Cale, Andrae, Gao, Pietras, Mann, Yepes, Strickland, Betsholtz, Eriksson, Lawrence (bib36) 2008; 14
Major, Miller, Mourrain, Traub, de Widt, Sever (bib18) 1985; 82
Conforti, Dominguez-Jimenez, Ronne, Hoyer-Hansen, Dejana (bib4) 1994; 83
Rodriguez-Mercado, Ford, Xu, Kraiselburd, Martinez, Eterovic, Colon, Rodriguez, Portilla, Ferchmin, Gierbolini, Rodriguez-Carrasquillo, Powell, Pulliam, McCraw, Gates, Ford (bib31) 2012; 62
Smith-Swintosky, Zimmer, Fenton, Mattson (bib35) 1995; 15
Polavarapu, Gongora, Yi, Ranganthan, Lawrence, Strickland, Yepes (bib29) 2007; 109
Schaller, Gerber (bib34) 2011; 68
Niego, Medcalf (bib26) 2013; 12
Nassar, Akkawi, Shina, Haj-Yehia, Bdeir, Tarshis, Heyman, Higazi (bib23) 2004; 103
Hoffmann, Nitsch, Scotti, Reinhard, Monard (bib10) 1992; 49
Hultman, Bjorklund, Hansson, Jern (bib11) 2010; 166
Haile, Wu, Echeverry, Wu, An, Yepes (bib9) 2012; 32
Reddrop, Moldrich, Beart, Farso, Liberatore, Howells, Petersen, Schleuning, Medcalf (bib30) 2005; 36
Samson, Borg, Niego, Wong, Crack, Yongqing, Medcalf (bib33) 2009; 114
Ishiguro, Kawasaki, Suzuki, Ishizuka, Mishiro, Egashira, Ikegaki, Tsuruma, Shimazawa, Yoshimura, Iwama, Hara (bib12) 2012; 220
Wu, Echeverry, Wu, An, Haile, Cooper, Catano, Yepes (bib44) 2013; 52
Samson, Medcalf (bib32) 2006; 50
Wang, Lee, Arai, Tsuji, Rebeck, Lo (bib41) 2003; 9
Doeuvre, Plawinski, Goux, Vivien, Angles-Cano (bib7) 2010; 432
Kidwell, Latour, Saver, Alger, Starkman, Duckwiler, Jahan, Vinuela, Kang, Warach (bib14) 2008; 25
Nagai, Vanlinthout, Collen (bib20) 1999; 100
Yepes, Sandkvist, Moore, Bugge, Strickland, Lawrence (bib45) 2003; 112
An, Zhang, Polavarapu, Zhang, Zhang, Yepes (bib1) 2008; 112
Bringmann, Gruber, Liese, Toschi, Kratzchmar, Schleuning, Donner (bib3) 1995; 270
Croucher, Saunders, Ranson (bib5) 2006
von Kummer, Albers, Mori (bib39) 2012; 7
Nagy (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib22) 1998; 9
Hoffmann (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib10) 1992; 49
Kassner (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib13) 2009; 30
Polavarapu (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib29) 2007; 109
Medcalf (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib19) 2012; 165
Nagy (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib21) 1995; 26
Wu (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib43) 2012; 32
von Kummer (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib39) 2012; 7
Nagai (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib20) 1999; 100
Pang (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib27) 2004; 306
Baranes (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib2) 1998; 21
Croucher (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib5) 2006
Lees (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib16) 2010; 375
Su (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib36) 2008; 14
Samson (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib33) 2009; 114
Ishiguro (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib12) 2012; 220
Kwaan (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib15) 2004; 2
Reddrop (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib30) 2005; 36
Tsirka (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib37) 1995; 377
Doeuvre (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib7) 2010; 432
Rodriguez-Mercado (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib31) 2012; 62
Major (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib18) 1985; 82
An (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib1) 2008; 112
Cucullo (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib6) 2003; 2
Lopez-Atalaya (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib17) 2007; 38
Parsons (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib28) 2012; 366
VanGilder (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib38) 2012; 88
Schaller (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib34) 2011; 68
Nassar (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib23) 2004; 103
Hultman (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib11) 2010; 166
Niego (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib25) 2012; 119
Wang (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib41) 2003; 9
Samson (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib32) 2006; 50
Kidwell (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib14) 2008; 25
Niego (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib26) 2013; 12
Wang (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib42) 1998; 4
Conforti (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib4) 1994; 83
Niego (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib24) 2008; 19
Hacke (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib8) 2008; 359
Wang (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib40) 2006; 37
Haile (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib9) 2012; 32
Wu (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib44) 2013; 52
Zhai (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib46) 2011; 31
Bringmann (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib3) 1995; 270
Smith-Swintosky (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib35) 1995; 15
Yepes (10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib45) 2003; 112
References_xml – volume: 375
  start-page: 1695
  year: 2010
  end-page: 1703
  ident: bib16
  article-title: Time to treatment with intravenous alteplase and outcome in stroke: an updated pooled analysis of ECASS, ATLANTIS, NINDS, and EPITHET trials
  publication-title: Lancet
– volume: 359
  start-page: 1317
  year: 2008
  end-page: 1329
  ident: bib8
  article-title: Thrombolysis with alteplase
  publication-title: N. Engl. J. Med.
– volume: 100
  start-page: 2541
  year: 1999
  end-page: 2546
  ident: bib20
  article-title: Comparative effects of tissue plasminogen activator, streptokinase, and staphylokinase on cerebral ischemic infarction and pulmonary clot lysis in hamster models
  publication-title: Circulation
– volume: 114
  start-page: 1937
  year: 2009
  end-page: 1946
  ident: bib33
  article-title: A nonfibrin macromolecular cofactor for tPA-mediated plasmin generation following cellular injury
  publication-title: Blood
– volume: 220
  start-page: 302
  year: 2012
  end-page: 312
  ident: bib12
  article-title: A Rho kinase (ROCK) inhibitor, fasudil, prevents matrix metalloproteinase-9-related hemorrhagic transformation in mice treated with tissue plasminogen activator
  publication-title: Neuroscience
– volume: 38
  start-page: 1036
  year: 2007
  end-page: 1043
  ident: bib17
  article-title: Recombinant Desmodus rotundus salivary plasminogen activator crosses the blood-brain barrier through a low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-dependent mechanism without exerting neurotoxic effects
  publication-title: Stroke
– volume: 32
  start-page: 9848
  year: 2012
  end-page: 9858
  ident: bib43
  article-title: Tissue-type plasminogen activator regulates the neuronal uptake of glucose in the ischemic brain
  publication-title: J. Neurosci.
– volume: 112
  start-page: 2787
  year: 2008
  end-page: 2794
  ident: bib1
  article-title: Tissue-type plasminogen activator and the low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein induce Akt phosphorylation in the ischemic brain
  publication-title: Blood
– volume: 270
  start-page: 25596
  year: 1995
  end-page: 25603
  ident: bib3
  article-title: Structural features mediating fibrin selectivity of vampire bat plasminogen activators
  publication-title: J. Biol. Chem.
– volume: 166
  start-page: 408
  year: 2010
  end-page: 415
  ident: bib11
  article-title: Potentiating effect of endothelial cells on astrocytic plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 gene expression in an
  publication-title: Neuroscience
– volume: 31
  start-page: 14346
  year: 2011
  end-page: 14360
  ident: bib46
  article-title: Annexin A2 promotes glioma cell invasion and tumor progression
  publication-title: J. Neurosci.
– volume: 19
  start-page: 322
  year: 2008
  end-page: 324
  ident: bib24
  article-title: Desmoteplase-mediated plasminogen activation and clot lysis are inhibited by the lysine analogue tranexamic acid
  publication-title: Blood. Coagul. Fibrinolysis
– volume: 30
  start-page: 1864
  year: 2009
  end-page: 1869
  ident: bib13
  article-title: Recombinant tissue plasminogen activator increases blood-brain barrier disruption in acute ischemic stroke: an MR imaging permeability study
  publication-title: AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol.
– volume: 103
  start-page: 897
  year: 2004
  end-page: 902
  ident: bib23
  article-title: and
  publication-title: Blood
– volume: 2
  start-page: 306
  year: 2004
  end-page: 312
  ident: bib15
  article-title: Expression of receptors for plasminogen activators on endothelial cell surface depends on their origin
  publication-title: J. Thromb. Haemost.
– volume: 26
  start-page: 265
  year: 1995
  end-page: 270
  ident: bib21
  article-title: Contraction of human brain endothelial cells induced by thrombogenic and fibrinolytic factors. An
  publication-title: Stroke
– volume: 9
  start-page: 471
  year: 1998
  end-page: 478
  ident: bib22
  article-title: Perturbation of the integrity of the blood-brain barrier by fibrinolytic enzymes
  publication-title: Blood Coagul. Fibrinolysis
– volume: 9
  start-page: 1313
  year: 2003
  end-page: 1317
  ident: bib41
  article-title: Lipoprotein receptor-mediated induction of matrix metalloproteinase by tissue plasminogen activator
  publication-title: Nat. Med.
– volume: 62
  start-page: 427
  year: 2012
  end-page: 438
  ident: bib31
  article-title: Acute neuronal injury and blood genomic profiles in a nonhuman primate model for ischemic stroke
  publication-title: Comp. Med.
– volume: 14
  start-page: 731
  year: 2008
  end-page: 737
  ident: bib36
  article-title: Activation of PDGF-CC by tissue plasminogen activator impairs blood-brain barrier integrity during ischemic stroke
  publication-title: Nat. Med.
– year: 2006
  ident: bib5
  article-title: The urokinase/PAI-2 complex: a new high affinity ligand for the endocytosis receptor LRP
  publication-title: J. Biol. Chem.
– volume: 165
  start-page: 75
  year: 2012
  end-page: 89
  ident: bib19
  article-title: Desmoteplase: discovery, insights and opportunities for ischaemic stroke
  publication-title: Br. J. Pharmacol.
– volume: 366
  start-page: 1099
  year: 2012
  end-page: 1107
  ident: bib28
  article-title: A randomized trial of tenecteplase versus alteplase for acute ischemic stroke
  publication-title: N. Engl. J. Med.
– volume: 7
  start-page: 589
  year: 2012
  end-page: 596
  ident: bib39
  article-title: The Desmoteplase in Acute Ischemic Stroke (DIAS) clinical trial program
  publication-title: Int. J. Stroke
– volume: 21
  start-page: 813
  year: 1998
  end-page: 825
  ident: bib2
  article-title: Tissue plasminogen activator contributes to the late phase of LTP and to synaptic growth in the hippocampal mossy fiber pathway
  publication-title: Neuron
– volume: 119
  start-page: 4752
  year: 2012
  end-page: 4761
  ident: bib25
  article-title: t-PA-specific modulation of a human blood-brain barrier model involves plasmin-mediated activation of the Rho kinase pathway in astrocytes
  publication-title: Blood
– volume: 68
  start-page: 785
  year: 2011
  end-page: 801
  ident: bib34
  article-title: The plasmin-antiplasmin system: structural and functional aspects
  publication-title: Cell. Mol. Life Sci.
– volume: 15
  start-page: 5840
  year: 1995
  end-page: 5850
  ident: bib35
  article-title: Protease nexin-1 and thrombin modulate neuronal Ca
  publication-title: J. Neurosci.
– volume: 306
  start-page: 487
  year: 2004
  end-page: 491
  ident: bib27
  article-title: Cleavage of proBDNF by tPA/plasmin is essential for long-term hippocampal plasticity
  publication-title: Science
– volume: 25
  start-page: 338
  year: 2008
  end-page: 343
  ident: bib14
  article-title: Thrombolytic toxicity: blood brain barrier disruption in human ischemic stroke
  publication-title: Cerebrovasc. Dis.
– volume: 112
  start-page: 1533
  year: 2003
  end-page: 1540
  ident: bib45
  article-title: Tissue-type plasminogen activator induces opening of the blood-brain barrier via the LDL receptor-related protein
  publication-title: J. Clin. Invest.
– volume: 2
  start-page: 234
  year: 2003
  end-page: 241
  ident: bib6
  article-title: Blood-brain barrier damage induces release of alpha2-macroglobulin
  publication-title: Mol. Cell. Proteomics
– volume: 432
  start-page: 365
  year: 2010
  end-page: 373
  ident: bib7
  article-title: Plasmin on adherent cells: from microvesiculation to apoptosis
  publication-title: Biochem. J.
– volume: 377
  start-page: 340
  year: 1995
  end-page: 344
  ident: bib37
  article-title: Excitotoxin-induced neuronal degeneration and seizure are mediated by tissue plasminogen activator
  publication-title: Nature
– volume: 12
  start-page: e50934
  year: 2013
  ident: bib26
  article-title: Improved method for the preparation of a human cell-based, contact model of the blood-brain barrier
  publication-title: J. Vis. Exp.
– volume: 37
  start-page: 1910
  year: 2006
  end-page: 1912
  ident: bib40
  article-title: Reduction of tissue plasminogen activator-induced matrix metalloproteinase-9 by simvastatin in astrocytes
  publication-title: Stroke
– volume: 4
  start-page: 228
  year: 1998
  end-page: 231
  ident: bib42
  article-title: Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) increases neuronal damage after focal cerebral ischemia in wild-type and tPA-deficient mice
  publication-title: Nat. Med.
– volume: 82
  start-page: 1257
  year: 1985
  end-page: 1261
  ident: bib18
  article-title: Establishment of a line of human fetal glial cells that supports JC virus multiplication
  publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
– volume: 49
  start-page: 397
  year: 1992
  end-page: 408
  ident: bib10
  article-title: The prolonged presence of glia-derived nexin, an endogenous protease inhibitor, in the hippocampus after ischemia-induced delayed neuronal death
  publication-title: Neuroscience
– volume: 52
  start-page: 9
  year: 2013
  end-page: 19
  ident: bib44
  article-title: Tissue-type plasminogen activator protects neurons from excitotoxin-induced cell death via activation of the ERK1/2-CREB-ATF3 signaling pathway
  publication-title: Mol. Cell Neurosci.
– volume: 50
  start-page: 673
  year: 2006
  end-page: 678
  ident: bib32
  article-title: Tissue-type plasminogen activator: a multifaceted modulator of neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity
  publication-title: Neuron
– volume: 109
  start-page: 3270
  year: 2007
  end-page: 3278
  ident: bib29
  article-title: Tissue-type plasminogen activator-mediated shedding of astrocytic low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein increases the permeability of the neurovascular unit
  publication-title: Blood
– volume: 36
  start-page: 1241
  year: 2005
  end-page: 1246
  ident: bib30
  article-title: Vampire bat salivary plasminogen activator (desmoteplase) inhibits tissue-type plasminogen activator-induced potentiation of excitotoxic injury
  publication-title: Stroke
– volume: 32
  start-page: 57
  year: 2012
  end-page: 69
  ident: bib9
  article-title: Tissue-type plasminogen activator has a neuroprotective effect in the ischemic brain mediated by neuronal TNF-alpha
  publication-title: J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab.
– volume: 88
  start-page: 313
  year: 2012
  end-page: 319
  ident: bib38
  article-title: The transcriptome of cerebral ischemia
  publication-title: Brain Res. Bull.
– volume: 83
  start-page: 994
  year: 1994
  end-page: 1005
  ident: bib4
  article-title: Cell-surface plasminogen activation causes a retraction of
  publication-title: Blood
– volume: 21
  start-page: 813
  year: 1998
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib2
  article-title: Tissue plasminogen activator contributes to the late phase of LTP and to synaptic growth in the hippocampal mossy fiber pathway
  publication-title: Neuron
  doi: 10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80597-8
– volume: 4
  start-page: 228
  year: 1998
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib42
  article-title: Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) increases neuronal damage after focal cerebral ischemia in wild-type and tPA-deficient mice
  publication-title: Nat. Med.
  doi: 10.1038/nm0298-228
– volume: 32
  start-page: 57
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib9
  article-title: Tissue-type plasminogen activator has a neuroprotective effect in the ischemic brain mediated by neuronal TNF-alpha
  publication-title: J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab.
  doi: 10.1038/jcbfm.2011.106
– volume: 12
  start-page: e50934
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib26
  article-title: Improved method for the preparation of a human cell-based, contact model of the blood-brain barrier
  publication-title: J. Vis. Exp.
– volume: 9
  start-page: 1313
  year: 2003
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib41
  article-title: Lipoprotein receptor-mediated induction of matrix metalloproteinase by tissue plasminogen activator
  publication-title: Nat. Med.
  doi: 10.1038/nm926
– volume: 37
  start-page: 1910
  year: 2006
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib40
  article-title: Reduction of tissue plasminogen activator-induced matrix metalloproteinase-9 by simvastatin in astrocytes
  publication-title: Stroke
  doi: 10.1161/01.STR.0000226923.48905.39
– volume: 165
  start-page: 75
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib19
  article-title: Desmoteplase: discovery, insights and opportunities for ischaemic stroke
  publication-title: Br. J. Pharmacol.
  doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01514.x
– volume: 52
  start-page: 9
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib44
  article-title: Tissue-type plasminogen activator protects neurons from excitotoxin-induced cell death via activation of the ERK1/2-CREB-ATF3 signaling pathway
  publication-title: Mol. Cell Neurosci.
  doi: 10.1016/j.mcn.2012.10.001
– volume: 32
  start-page: 9848
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib43
  article-title: Tissue-type plasminogen activator regulates the neuronal uptake of glucose in the ischemic brain
  publication-title: J. Neurosci.
  doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1241-12.2012
– volume: 166
  start-page: 408
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib11
  article-title: Potentiating effect of endothelial cells on astrocytic plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 gene expression in an in vitro model of the blood-brain barrier
  publication-title: Neuroscience
  doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.01.002
– volume: 2
  start-page: 306
  year: 2004
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib15
  article-title: Expression of receptors for plasminogen activators on endothelial cell surface depends on their origin
  publication-title: J. Thromb. Haemost.
  doi: 10.1111/j.1538-7933.2004.00593.x
– volume: 88
  start-page: 313
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib38
  article-title: The transcriptome of cerebral ischemia
  publication-title: Brain Res. Bull.
  doi: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2012.02.002
– volume: 83
  start-page: 994
  year: 1994
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib4
  article-title: Cell-surface plasminogen activation causes a retraction of in vitro cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cell monolayer
  publication-title: Blood
  doi: 10.1182/blood.V83.4.994.994
– volume: 112
  start-page: 2787
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib1
  article-title: Tissue-type plasminogen activator and the low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein induce Akt phosphorylation in the ischemic brain
  publication-title: Blood
  doi: 10.1182/blood-2008-02-141630
– volume: 359
  start-page: 1317
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib8
  article-title: Thrombolysis with alteplase3 to 4.5 hours after acute ischemic stroke
  publication-title: N. Engl. J. Med.
  doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0804656
– volume: 377
  start-page: 340
  year: 1995
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib37
  article-title: Excitotoxin-induced neuronal degeneration and seizure are mediated by tissue plasminogen activator
  publication-title: Nature
  doi: 10.1038/377340a0
– volume: 62
  start-page: 427
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib31
  article-title: Acute neuronal injury and blood genomic profiles in a nonhuman primate model for ischemic stroke
  publication-title: Comp. Med.
– volume: 100
  start-page: 2541
  year: 1999
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib20
  article-title: Comparative effects of tissue plasminogen activator, streptokinase, and staphylokinase on cerebral ischemic infarction and pulmonary clot lysis in hamster models
  publication-title: Circulation
  doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.100.25.2541
– volume: 119
  start-page: 4752
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib25
  article-title: t-PA-specific modulation of a human blood-brain barrier model involves plasmin-mediated activation of the Rho kinase pathway in astrocytes
  publication-title: Blood
  doi: 10.1182/blood-2011-07-369512
– volume: 50
  start-page: 673
  year: 2006
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib32
  article-title: Tissue-type plasminogen activator: a multifaceted modulator of neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity
  publication-title: Neuron
  doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2006.04.013
– volume: 14
  start-page: 731
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib36
  article-title: Activation of PDGF-CC by tissue plasminogen activator impairs blood-brain barrier integrity during ischemic stroke
  publication-title: Nat. Med.
  doi: 10.1038/nm1787
– volume: 68
  start-page: 785
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib34
  article-title: The plasmin-antiplasmin system: structural and functional aspects
  publication-title: Cell. Mol. Life Sci.
  doi: 10.1007/s00018-010-0566-5
– volume: 31
  start-page: 14346
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib46
  article-title: Annexin A2 promotes glioma cell invasion and tumor progression
  publication-title: J. Neurosci.
  doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3299-11.2011
– volume: 19
  start-page: 322
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib24
  article-title: Desmoteplase-mediated plasminogen activation and clot lysis are inhibited by the lysine analogue tranexamic acid
  publication-title: Blood. Coagul. Fibrinolysis
  doi: 10.1097/MBC.0b013e3282f54568
– year: 2006
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib5
  article-title: The urokinase/PAI-2 complex: a new high affinity ligand for the endocytosis receptor LRP
  publication-title: J. Biol. Chem.
  doi: 10.1074/jbc.M513645200
– volume: 270
  start-page: 25596
  year: 1995
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib3
  article-title: Structural features mediating fibrin selectivity of vampire bat plasminogen activators
  publication-title: J. Biol. Chem.
  doi: 10.1074/jbc.270.43.25596
– volume: 26
  start-page: 265
  year: 1995
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib21
  article-title: Contraction of human brain endothelial cells induced by thrombogenic and fibrinolytic factors. An in vitro cell culture model
  publication-title: Stroke
  doi: 10.1161/01.STR.26.2.265
– volume: 220
  start-page: 302
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib12
  article-title: A Rho kinase (ROCK) inhibitor, fasudil, prevents matrix metalloproteinase-9-related hemorrhagic transformation in mice treated with tissue plasminogen activator
  publication-title: Neuroscience
  doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.06.015
– volume: 109
  start-page: 3270
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib29
  article-title: Tissue-type plasminogen activator-mediated shedding of astrocytic low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein increases the permeability of the neurovascular unit
  publication-title: Blood
  doi: 10.1182/blood-2006-08-043125
– volume: 30
  start-page: 1864
  year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib13
  article-title: Recombinant tissue plasminogen activator increases blood-brain barrier disruption in acute ischemic stroke: an MR imaging permeability study
  publication-title: AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol.
  doi: 10.3174/ajnr.A1774
– volume: 432
  start-page: 365
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib7
  article-title: Plasmin on adherent cells: from microvesiculation to apoptosis
  publication-title: Biochem. J.
  doi: 10.1042/BJ20100561
– volume: 36
  start-page: 1241
  year: 2005
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib30
  article-title: Vampire bat salivary plasminogen activator (desmoteplase) inhibits tissue-type plasminogen activator-induced potentiation of excitotoxic injury
  publication-title: Stroke
  doi: 10.1161/01.STR.0000166050.84056.48
– volume: 15
  start-page: 5840
  year: 1995
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib35
  article-title: Protease nexin-1 and thrombin modulate neuronal Ca2+ homeostasis and sensitivity to glucose deprivation-induced injury
  publication-title: J. Neurosci.
  doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.15-08-05840.1995
– volume: 49
  start-page: 397
  year: 1992
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib10
  article-title: The prolonged presence of glia-derived nexin, an endogenous protease inhibitor, in the hippocampus after ischemia-induced delayed neuronal death
  publication-title: Neuroscience
  doi: 10.1016/0306-4522(92)90105-B
– volume: 25
  start-page: 338
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib14
  article-title: Thrombolytic toxicity: blood brain barrier disruption in human ischemic stroke
  publication-title: Cerebrovasc. Dis.
  doi: 10.1159/000118379
– volume: 38
  start-page: 1036
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib17
  article-title: Recombinant Desmodus rotundus salivary plasminogen activator crosses the blood-brain barrier through a low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-dependent mechanism without exerting neurotoxic effects
  publication-title: Stroke
  doi: 10.1161/01.STR.0000258100.04923.84
– volume: 82
  start-page: 1257
  year: 1985
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib18
  article-title: Establishment of a line of human fetal glial cells that supports JC virus multiplication
  publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
  doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.4.1257
– volume: 114
  start-page: 1937
  year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib33
  article-title: A nonfibrin macromolecular cofactor for tPA-mediated plasmin generation following cellular injury
  publication-title: Blood
  doi: 10.1182/blood-2009-02-203448
– volume: 7
  start-page: 589
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib39
  article-title: The Desmoteplase in Acute Ischemic Stroke (DIAS) clinical trial program
  publication-title: Int. J. Stroke
  doi: 10.1111/j.1747-4949.2012.00910.x
– volume: 375
  start-page: 1695
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib16
  article-title: Time to treatment with intravenous alteplase and outcome in stroke: an updated pooled analysis of ECASS, ATLANTIS, NINDS, and EPITHET trials
  publication-title: Lancet
  doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60491-6
– volume: 306
  start-page: 487
  year: 2004
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib27
  article-title: Cleavage of proBDNF by tPA/plasmin is essential for long-term hippocampal plasticity
  publication-title: Science
  doi: 10.1126/science.1100135
– volume: 366
  start-page: 1099
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib28
  article-title: A randomized trial of tenecteplase versus alteplase for acute ischemic stroke
  publication-title: N. Engl. J. Med.
  doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1109842
– volume: 2
  start-page: 234
  year: 2003
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib6
  article-title: Blood-brain barrier damage induces release of alpha2-macroglobulin
  publication-title: Mol. Cell. Proteomics
  doi: 10.1074/mcp.M200077-MCP200
– volume: 9
  start-page: 471
  year: 1998
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib22
  article-title: Perturbation of the integrity of the blood-brain barrier by fibrinolytic enzymes
  publication-title: Blood Coagul. Fibrinolysis
  doi: 10.1097/00001721-199809000-00003
– volume: 103
  start-page: 897
  year: 2004
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib23
  article-title: In vitro and in vivo effects of tPA and PAI-1 on blood vessel tone
  publication-title: Blood
  doi: 10.1182/blood-2003-05-1685
– volume: 112
  start-page: 1533
  year: 2003
  ident: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027_bib45
  article-title: Tissue-type plasminogen activator induces opening of the blood-brain barrier via the LDL receptor-related protein
  publication-title: J. Clin. Invest.
  doi: 10.1172/JCI200319212
SSID ssj0003390
Score 2.2305279
Snippet Tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) is the only thrombolytic treatment available for patients with acute ischaemic stroke. However, t-PA can increase...
Abstract Tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) is the only thrombolytic treatment available for patients with acute ischaemic stroke. However, t-PA can...
SourceID proquest
pubmed
pascalfrancis
crossref
elsevier
SourceType Aggregation Database
Index Database
Enrichment Source
Publisher
StartPage 63
SubjectTerms Biological and medical sciences
Blood-brain barrier
Blood-Brain Barrier - drug effects
Blood-Brain Barrier - metabolism
Brain - drug effects
Brain - metabolism
Cells, Cultured
Cerebral circulation. Blood-brain barrier. Choroid plexus. Cerebrospinal fluid. Circumventricular organ. Meninges
Desmoteplase
Endothelial Cells - drug effects
Endothelial Cells - metabolism
Fibrinolytic Agents - pharmacology
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Glucose - metabolism
Humans
ICH
Medical sciences
Neurology
Oxygen - metabolism
Oxygen-glucose deprivation
Permeability
Plasmin
Plasminogen - pharmacology
Plasminogen Activators - pharmacology
Stroke
Tissue Plasminogen Activator - pharmacology
Tissue-type plasminogen activator
Vascular diseases and vascular malformations of the nervous system
Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs
Title t-PA, but not desmoteplase, induces plasmin-dependent opening of a blood-brain barrier model under normoxic and ischaemic conditions
URI https://www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/1-s2.0-S0006899314003898
https://www.clinicalkey.es/playcontent/1-s2.0-S0006899314003898
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24675027
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1535629798
Volume 1565
WOSCitedRecordID wos000336696500007&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights – providerCode: PRVESC
  databaseName: Elsevier SD Freedom Collection Journals 2021
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1872-6240
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0003390
  issn: 0006-8993
  databaseCode: AIEXJ
  dateStart: 19950109
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.sciencedirect.com
  providerName: Elsevier
link http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV1bb9MwFLa6jgckhIBxKZfKSIyXLl2aOHH82JUibhoTDKlvVpw4qNOaVE06lXf-HX-KY8dJU5WKMYmXKIpix_b5cnzO8bkg9EowB_Y1l1kikb5FImnDP-cOLJCdvcj1mAjcWBeboKenwWTCzlqtX1UszNUlTdNgtWLz_0pqeAbEVqGz_0DuulN4APdAdLgC2eF6LcIX1tlQLZxYFr00K3qxVKV65BzEZG28BCV8qdyw1IPZNLWqMrhFT1XSMk7QofFoF6qCRE-EC13YTpfN0ZVzF9D1YpatTLbXaa6c75WbPajX8XRtBKxTJ4U6bqZhOtMRJ1IaA-yXbBWmNU5Pp_K7NuGeyMM39PDEhXWrT4b6vdEiW1ZYa_jkK_6u3LJLRvoJNPbe56ZRY0DUeXyZI6Bm1L4FqqC7wag932vwWsMYy127rIeytR-UpomLvl4tmKXy5SM6q6352kYC7vHo48DKnb5tfVUDUN8H_VOlIAw2Xy7VJ5473OZbr-6hfYd6LGij_eH78eRDLRi4bmnyq-bWCFj_8wh3yUp35mEOf3BSll7ZrRtpGen8HrprlBs8LEF5H7Vk-gAdDNOwyGY_8Gus3Y31Oc4B-qlweoQBpRhQipsoPcIGo3gLo9hgFGcJDnEDo9hgFGuMYo1RXGEUA0ZxjVG8xuhD9O3t-Hz0zjIlQawINInCCmTgCNuPJY1oQgIiHBVJngjPjSLpEyrCgSCgicHyJjGTAWG2k4QOTRgwHg_W_BFqp1kqnyAcEX8gqOM5kZ2QkEBnJGYJFU7iOzFJWAd51eLzyOTLV2VbLnnlGHnBK6JxRTRuuxyI1kHHdbt5mTHmry1oRVtexUPDDs4BxDdrKXPDj3K-C6QdxOqWRtYuZehrfbW7AcB6mkrU9egAXnhZIZLDbqWOIMNUZksYjueCwsWoGsDjEqrr1iCzedD90xtP6hm6vWYmz1G7WCzlC3Qruiqm-aKL9ugk6Jqf8jezEBsl
linkProvider Elsevier
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=t-PA%2C+but+not+desmoteplase%2C+induces+plasmin-dependent+opening+of+a+blood-brain+barrier+model+under+normoxic+and+ischaemic+conditions&rft.jtitle=Brain+research&rft.au=Freeman%2C+Roxann&rft.au=Niego%2C+Be%D7%B3eri&rft.au=R.+Croucher%2C+David&rft.au=Pedersen%2C+Lars+O&rft.date=2014-05-27&rft.issn=0006-8993&rft.volume=1565&rft.spage=63&rft.epage=73&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.brainres.2014.03.027&rft.externalDBID=ECK1-s2.0-S0006899314003898&rft.externalDocID=1_s2_0_S0006899314003898
thumbnail_m http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/image/custom?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcdn.clinicalkey.com%2Fck-thumbnails%2F00068993%2FS0006899314X00223%2Fcov150h.gif