t-PA, but not desmoteplase, induces plasmin-dependent opening of a blood-brain barrier model under normoxic and ischaemic conditions

Tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) is the only thrombolytic treatment available for patients with acute ischaemic stroke. However, t-PA can increase permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Desmoteplase is a plasminogen activator derived from the common vampire bat, currently under clini...

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Vydáno v:	Brain research Ročník 1565; s. 63 - 73
Hlavní autoři:	Freeman, Roxann, Niego, Be׳eri, R. Croucher, David, Pedersen, Lars O., Medcalf, Robert L.
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	Amsterdam Elsevier B.V 27.05.2014 Elsevier
Témata:	Biological and medical sciences Blood-brain barrier Blood-Brain Barrier - drug effects Blood-Brain Barrier - metabolism Brain - drug effects Brain - metabolism Cells, Cultured Cerebral circulation. Blood-brain barrier. Choroid plexus. Cerebrospinal fluid. Circumventricular organ. Meninges Desmoteplase Endothelial Cells - drug effects Endothelial Cells - metabolism Fibrinolytic Agents - pharmacology Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Glucose - metabolism Humans ICH Medical sciences Neurology Oxygen - metabolism Oxygen-glucose deprivation Permeability Plasmin Plasminogen - pharmacology Plasminogen Activators - pharmacology Stroke Tissue Plasminogen Activator - pharmacology Tissue-type plasminogen activator Vascular diseases and vascular malformations of the nervous system Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs Stroke BBB ROCK Desmoteplase Oxygen-glucose deprivation CNBr-fgn PFA OGD Plasmin ICH FITC ZO-1 Blood-brain barrier TJ Tissue-type plasminogen activator LRP-1 LDLR t-PA low density lipoprotein receptor LDLR-related protein 1 oxygen-glucose deprivation cyanogen bromide-digested fibrinogen intracerebral haemorrhage paraformaldehyde fluorescein isothiocyanate tissue-type plasminogen activator blood-brain barrier tight-junction Rho-kinase zonula occludens 1 Central nervous system Cardiovascular disease Glucose Blood brain barrier t-Plasminogen activator Encephalon Vascular disease Ischemia Cerebrovascular disease Nervous system diseases Oxygen Deprivation Serine endopeptidases Enzyme Cerebral disorder Peptidases Central nervous system disease Hydrolases Models
ISSN:	0006-8993, 1872-6240, 1872-6240
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Shrnutí:	Tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) is the only thrombolytic treatment available for patients with acute ischaemic stroke. However, t-PA can increase permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Desmoteplase is a plasminogen activator derived from the common vampire bat, currently under clinical development for ischaemic stroke. We compared how t-PA and desmoteplase influenced BBB permeability using a human in vitro model where primary brain endothelial cells (BEC) and astrocytes are co-cultured on the opposite sides of a porous membrane. Permeability changes were evaluated 6 or 24h post-stimulation by passage of fluorescent albumin across the membrane. Under normoxic conditions, t-PA, but not desmoteplase, increased BBB permeability. Surprisingly, the ability of t-PA to affect the barrier was lost under conditions of oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). Addition of plasminogen re-sensitised the BBB to the action of t-PA under both normoxia and OGD, but did not affect the inert behaviour of desmoteplase, even when digested fibrinogen was added to ensure optimal plasmin generation. These observations coincided with plasmin-dependent changes in astrocyte and BEC morphology and disruption of tight junction proteins in BECs, specifically initiated by t-PA but not by desmoteplase. Finally, inhibition of plasmin post-stimulation with t-PA and plasminogen, especially within 2h, protected the BBB against t-PA-mediated barrier opening. Hence t-PA, but not desmoteplase, increases BBB permeability under both normoxic and OGD conditions in a reversible, plasmin-dependent process. The inability of desmoteplase to increase permeability despite its capacity to generate plasmin provides further support for its use as thrombolytic in patients with ischaemic stroke. •t-PA but not desmoteplase increases blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability in vitro.•Ischaemic conditions attenuate the action of t-PA on BBB permeability.•The increase in BBB permeability by t-PA is reversible only within 2h of onset.•t-PA and desmoteplase bind to LRP-1 with similar affinity.•Desmoteplase does not antagonise the ability of t-PA to increase permeability.
Bibliografie:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0006-8993 1872-6240 1872-6240
DOI:	10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.027