At the Intersection of Gut Microbiome and Stroke: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Background: Ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke are associated with a high rate of long-term disability and death. Recent investigations focus efforts to better understand how alterations in gut microbiota composition influence clinical outcomes. A key metabolite, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), is linke...
Uložené v:
| Vydané v: | Frontiers in neurology Ročník 12; s. 729399 |
|---|---|
| Hlavní autori: | , , , , , , , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | English |
| Vydavateľské údaje: |
Frontiers Media S.A
24.09.2021
|
| Predmet: | |
| ISSN: | 1664-2295, 1664-2295 |
| On-line prístup: | Získať plný text |
| Tagy: |
Pridať tag
Žiadne tagy, Buďte prvý, kto otaguje tento záznam!
|
| Shrnutí: | Background:
Ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke are associated with a high rate of long-term disability and death. Recent investigations focus efforts to better understand how alterations in gut microbiota composition influence clinical outcomes. A key metabolite, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), is linked to multiple inflammatory, vascular, and oxidative pathways. The current biochemical underpinnings of microbial effects on stroke remain largely understudied. The goal of our study is to explore the current literature to explain the interactions between the human gut microbiome and stroke progression, recovery, and outcome. We also provide a descriptive review of TMAO.
Methods:
A systematic literature search of published articles between January 1, 1990, and March 22, 2020, was performed on the PubMed database to identify studies addressing the role of the microbiome and TMAO in the pathogenesis and recovery of acute stroke. Our initial investigation focused on human subject studies and was further expanded to include animal studies. Relevant articles were included, regardless of study design. The analysis included reviewers classifying and presenting selected articles by study design and sample size in a chart format.
Results:
A total of 222 titles and abstracts were screened. A review of the 68 original human subject articles resulted in the inclusion of 24 studies in this review. To provide further insight into TMAO as a key player, an additional 40 articles were also reviewed and included. Our findings highlighted that alterations in richness and abundance of gut microbes and increased plasma TMAO play an important role in vascular events and outcomes. Our analysis revealed that restoration of a healthy gut, through targeted TMAO-reducing therapies, could provide alternative secondary prevention for at-risk patients.
Discussion:
Biochemical interactions between the gut microbiome and inflammation, resulting in metabolic derangements, can affect stroke progression and outcomes. Clinical evidence supports the importance of TMAO in modulating underlying stroke risk factors. Lack of standardization and distinct differences in sample sizes among studies are major limitations. |
|---|---|
| Bibliografia: | ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Undefined-1 ObjectType-Feature-3 content type line 23 Vida Abedi orcid.org/0000-0001-7689-933X Edited by: Aristeidis H. Katsanos, McMaster University, Canada Reviewed by: Hyo Suk Nam, Yonsei University, South Korea; Apostolos Safouris, Metropolitan Hospital, Greece Vaibhav Sharma orcid.org/0000-0002-4026-0697 Jiang Li orcid.org/0000-0002-7006-1285 Durgesh Chaudhary orcid.org/0000-0002-2683-5482 Ayesha Khan orcid.org/0000-0002-4105-7738 Donna M. Wolk orcid.org/0000-0003-2828-5135 This article was submitted to Stroke, a section of the journal Frontiers in Neurology ORCID: Vishakha Sharma orcid.org/0000-0002-5506-5536 Shima Shahjouei orcid.org/0000-0002-2116-9492 Ramin Zand orcid.org/0000-0002-9477-0094 |
| ISSN: | 1664-2295 1664-2295 |
| DOI: | 10.3389/fneur.2021.729399 |