Elucidating Methods for Isolation and Quantification of Exosomes: A Review

Exosomes are the smallest extracellular vesicles present in most of the biological fluids. They are found to play an important role in cell signaling, immune response, tumor metastasis, etc. Studies have shown that these vesicles also have diagnostic and therapeutic roles for which their accurate de...

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Vydáno v:	Molecular biotechnology Ročník 63; číslo 4; s. 249 - 266
Hlavní autoři:	Kurian, Talitha Keren, Banik, Soumyabrata, Gopal, Dharshini, Chakrabarti, Shweta, Mazumder, Nirmal
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	New York Springer US 01.04.2021 Springer Nature B.V
Témata:	Biochemistry Biological Techniques Biomarkers Biosynthesis Biotechnology Cell Biology Chemistry Chemistry and Materials Science Communication Electron microscopy Exosomes Extracellular vesicles Flow cytometry gel chromatography Higher education Human Genetics Immune response Immune system Life sciences Light scattering Lipids Metastases Metastasis Microfluidic devices Microfluidics Microscopy Nanoparticles neoplasms Photon correlation spectroscopy Plasma Protein Science Proteins Review Size exclusion chromatography therapeutics Ultracentrifugation Ultrafiltration Vesicles Biomarkers Diagnosis Exosomes Therapeutics
ISSN:	1073-6085, 1559-0305, 1559-0305
On-line přístup:	Získat plný text
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Popis
Shrnutí:	Exosomes are the smallest extracellular vesicles present in most of the biological fluids. They are found to play an important role in cell signaling, immune response, tumor metastasis, etc. Studies have shown that these vesicles also have diagnostic and therapeutic roles for which their accurate detection and quantification is essential. Due to the complexity in size and structure of exosomes, even the gold standard methods face challenges. This comprehensive review discusses the various standard methods such as ultracentrifugation, ultrafiltration, size-exclusion chromatography, precipitation, immunoaffinity, and microfluidic technologies for the isolation of exosomes. The principle of isolation of each method is described, as well as their specific advantages and disadvantages. Quantification of exosomes by nanoparticle tracking analysis, flow cytometry, tunable resistive pulse sensing, electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and microfluidic devices are also described, along with the applications of exosomes in various biomedical domains.
Bibliografie:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 ObjectType-Review-3 content type line 23
ISSN:	1073-6085 1559-0305 1559-0305
DOI:	10.1007/s12033-021-00300-3