Molecular detection of monkeypox and related viruses: challenges and opportunities

The recent widespread emergence of monkeypox (mpox), a rare and endemic zoonotic disease by monkeypox virus (MPXV), has made global headlines. While transmissibility ( R 0 ≈ 0.58) and fatality rate (0–3%) are low, as it causes prolonged morbidity, the World Health Organization has declared monkeypox...

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Published in:Virus genes Vol. 59; no. 3; pp. 343 - 350
Main Authors: Ghate, Sudeep D., Suravajhala, Prashanth, Patil, Prakash, Vangala, Rajani Kanth, Shetty, Praveenkumar, Rao, R. Shyama Prasad
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: New York Springer US 01.06.2023
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:
Antibodies
Antigens
bioinformatics
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
complement
Coronaviruses
COVID-19 vaccines
disease control
Disease management
DNA, Viral - genetics
Epidemics
Fatalities
Genomes
Hemagglutinins
Humans
Immunization
Infectious diseases
Medical Microbiology
Monkeypox virus
Monkeypox virus - genetics
Morbidity
mortality
Mpox
Mpox (monkeypox) - diagnosis
Mpox (monkeypox) - pathology
Peptides
Plant Sciences
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Proteins
Proteomics
Public Health
Review Paper
Reviews
Scientific imaging
Smallpox
tumor necrosis factor receptors
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
Virology
Viruses
World Health Organization
Zoonoses
Molecular evolution
Diagnostics
Epidemiology and public health
Orthopoxvirus
Viral genome surveillance
Emerging infectious diseases
ISSN:0920-8569, 1572-994X, 1572-994X
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:The recent widespread emergence of monkeypox (mpox), a rare and endemic zoonotic disease by monkeypox virus (MPXV), has made global headlines. While transmissibility ( R 0 ≈ 0.58) and fatality rate (0–3%) are low, as it causes prolonged morbidity, the World Health Organization has declared monkeypox as a public health emergency of international concern. Thus, effective containment and disease management require quick and efficient detection of MPXV. In this bioinformatic overview, we summarize the numerous molecular tests available for MPXV, and discuss the diversity of genes and primers used in the polymerase chain reaction-based detection. Over 90 primer/probe sets are used for the detection of poxviruses. While hemagglutinin and A-type inclusion protein are the most common target genes, tumor necrosis factor receptor and complement binding protein genes are frequently used for distinguishing Clade I and Clade II of MPXV. Problems and possibilities in the detection of MPXV have been discussed.
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Edited by Joachim J. Bugert.
ISSN:0920-8569
1572-994X
1572-994X
DOI:10.1007/s11262-023-01975-3