Curcumin, Gut Microbiota, and Neuroprotection

Curcumin, a nontoxic, naturally occurring polyphenol, has been recently proposed for the management of neurodegenerative and neurological diseases. However, a discrepancy exists between the well-documented pharmacological activities that curcumin seems to possess in vivo and its poor aqueous solubil...

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Vydáno v:Nutrients Ročník 11; číslo 10; s. 2426
Hlavní autoři: Di Meo, Francesco, Margarucci, Sabrina, Galderisi, Umberto, Crispi, Stefania, Peluso, Gianfranco
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: Switzerland MDPI AG 11.10.2019
MDPI
Témata:
Acids
Alzheimer's disease
Bioavailability
Biological activity
brain
Clinical trials
curcumin
Curcumin - pharmacology
Drug dosages
dysbiosis
Ecosystems
Gastrointestinal Microbiome - drug effects
gastrointestinal system
Gut microbiota
Humans
Huntingtons disease
intestinal microorganisms
Metabolism
Metabolites
microbiome
Microbiota
nervous system diseases
Neurodegeneration
Neuroprotection - drug effects
neuroprotective effect
oral administration
Oxidative stress
Parkinson's disease
pharmacokinetics
Polyphenols
Review
solubility
Italy
polyphenols
metabolism
bioactivity
neuroprotection
gut microbioma
curcumin
ISSN:2072-6643, 2072-6643
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Abstract Curcumin, a nontoxic, naturally occurring polyphenol, has been recently proposed for the management of neurodegenerative and neurological diseases. However, a discrepancy exists between the well-documented pharmacological activities that curcumin seems to possess in vivo and its poor aqueous solubility, bioavailability, and pharmacokinetic profiles that should limit any therapeutic effect. Thus, it is possible that curcumin could exert direct regulative effects primarily in the gastrointestinal tract, where high concentrations of curcumin are present after oral administration. Indeed, a new working hypothesis that could explain the neuroprotective role of curcumin despite its limited availability is that curcumin acts indirectly on the central nervous system by influencing the “microbiota–gut–brain axis”, a complex bidirectional system in which the microbiome and its composition represent a factor which preserves and determines brain “health”. Interestingly, curcumin and its metabolites might provide benefit by restoring dysbiosis of gut microbiome. Conversely, curcumin is subject to bacterial enzymatic modifications, forming pharmacologically more active metabolites than curcumin. These mutual interactions allow to keep proper individual physiologic functions and play a key role in neuroprotection.
AbstractList Curcumin, a nontoxic, naturally occurring polyphenol, has been recently proposed for the management of neurodegenerative and neurological diseases. However, a discrepancy exists between the well-documented pharmacological activities that curcumin seems to possess in vivo and its poor aqueous solubility, bioavailability, and pharmacokinetic profiles that should limit any therapeutic effect. Thus, it is possible that curcumin could exert direct regulative effects primarily in the gastrointestinal tract, where high concentrations of curcumin are present after oral administration. Indeed, a new working hypothesis that could explain the neuroprotective role of curcumin despite its limited availability is that curcumin acts indirectly on the central nervous system by influencing the “microbiota–gut–brain axis”, a complex bidirectional system in which the microbiome and its composition represent a factor which preserves and determines brain “health”. Interestingly, curcumin and its metabolites might provide benefit by restoring dysbiosis of gut microbiome. Conversely, curcumin is subject to bacterial enzymatic modifications, forming pharmacologically more active metabolites than curcumin. These mutual interactions allow to keep proper individual physiologic functions and play a key role in neuroprotection.
[...]the beneficial effects for consumers depend not only on the polyphenols taken from the diet, but also on the type of microbial population of the individual. [...]bacteria from colon may deconjugate glucuronide and sulfate O-conjugated inactive metabolites produced by phase II enzymes and reconvert them to the corresponding phase I active metabolites [48]. Subjects responsive to the treatment had uniform increases in Clostridium spp., Bacteroides spp., Citrobacter spp., Cronobacter spp., Enterobacter spp., Enterococcus spp., Klebsiella spp., Parabacteroides spp., and Pseudomonas spp., as well as reduced relative abundance in several Blautia spp. and most Ruminococcus spp. [...]curcumin can change the composition of the microbiota, regulating not only the bacterial populations of the gut, but also the ability of intestinal bacterial strains to produce more active compounds from curcumin itself. 5. [...]gut microbiota impact on curcumin metabolism, providing active metabolites.
Curcumin, a nontoxic, naturally occurring polyphenol, has been recently proposed for the management of neurodegenerative and neurological diseases. However, a discrepancy exists between the well-documented pharmacological activities that curcumin seems to possess in vivo and its poor aqueous solubility, bioavailability, and pharmacokinetic profiles that should limit any therapeutic effect. Thus, it is possible that curcumin could exert direct regulative effects primarily in the gastrointestinal tract, where high concentrations of curcumin are present after oral administration. Indeed, a new working hypothesis that could explain the neuroprotective role of curcumin despite its limited availability is that curcumin acts indirectly on the central nervous system by influencing the "microbiota-gut-brain axis", a complex bidirectional system in which the microbiome and its composition represent a factor which preserves and determines brain "health". Interestingly, curcumin and its metabolites might provide benefit by restoring dysbiosis of gut microbiome. Conversely, curcumin is subject to bacterial enzymatic modifications, forming pharmacologically more active metabolites than curcumin. These mutual interactions allow to keep proper individual physiologic functions and play a key role in neuroprotection.Curcumin, a nontoxic, naturally occurring polyphenol, has been recently proposed for the management of neurodegenerative and neurological diseases. However, a discrepancy exists between the well-documented pharmacological activities that curcumin seems to possess in vivo and its poor aqueous solubility, bioavailability, and pharmacokinetic profiles that should limit any therapeutic effect. Thus, it is possible that curcumin could exert direct regulative effects primarily in the gastrointestinal tract, where high concentrations of curcumin are present after oral administration. Indeed, a new working hypothesis that could explain the neuroprotective role of curcumin despite its limited availability is that curcumin acts indirectly on the central nervous system by influencing the "microbiota-gut-brain axis", a complex bidirectional system in which the microbiome and its composition represent a factor which preserves and determines brain "health". Interestingly, curcumin and its metabolites might provide benefit by restoring dysbiosis of gut microbiome. Conversely, curcumin is subject to bacterial enzymatic modifications, forming pharmacologically more active metabolites than curcumin. These mutual interactions allow to keep proper individual physiologic functions and play a key role in neuroprotection.
Author Margarucci, Sabrina
Crispi, Stefania
Peluso, Gianfranco
Galderisi, Umberto
Di Meo, Francesco
AuthorAffiliation 2 Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant’Angelo via Cinthia, 80100 Naples, Italy
4 Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Santa Maria di Costantinopoli, 80100 Naples, Italy; umberto.galderisi@unicampania.it
1 Institute of Biosciences and BioResources-UOS Naples CNR, Via P. Castellino, 80100 Naples, Italy; francesco.dimeo.90@gmail.com
3 Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems, 05010 Porano TR, Italy; sabrina.margarucci@cnr.it
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 1 Institute of Biosciences and BioResources-UOS Naples CNR, Via P. Castellino, 80100 Naples, Italy; francesco.dimeo.90@gmail.com
– name: 3 Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems, 05010 Porano TR, Italy; sabrina.margarucci@cnr.it
– name: 2 Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant’Angelo via Cinthia, 80100 Naples, Italy
– name: 4 Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Santa Maria di Costantinopoli, 80100 Naples, Italy; umberto.galderisi@unicampania.it
Author_xml – sequence: 1
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  givenname: Sabrina
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BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31614630$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Issue 10
Keywords polyphenols
metabolism
bioactivity
neuroprotection
gut microbioma
curcumin
Language English
License Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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Snippet Curcumin, a nontoxic, naturally occurring polyphenol, has been recently proposed for the management of neurodegenerative and neurological diseases. However, a...
[...]the beneficial effects for consumers depend not only on the polyphenols taken from the diet, but also on the type of microbial population of the...
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SubjectTerms Acids
Alzheimer's disease
Bioavailability
Biological activity
brain
Clinical trials
curcumin
Curcumin - pharmacology
Drug dosages
dysbiosis
Ecosystems
Gastrointestinal Microbiome - drug effects
gastrointestinal system
Gut microbiota
Humans
Huntingtons disease
intestinal microorganisms
Metabolism
Metabolites
microbiome
Microbiota
nervous system diseases
Neurodegeneration
Neuroprotection - drug effects
neuroprotective effect
oral administration
Oxidative stress
Parkinson's disease
pharmacokinetics
Polyphenols
Review
solubility
Title Curcumin, Gut Microbiota, and Neuroprotection
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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC6835970
Volume 11
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