The Three-Cornered Alfalfa Hopper, Spissistilus festinus, Is a Vector of Grapevine Red Blotch Virus in Vineyards

Spissistilus festinus (Hemiptera: Membracidae) transmit grapevine red blotch virus (GRBV, Grablovirus, Geminiviridae) in greenhouse settings; however, their role as a vector of GRBV in vineyards is unknown. Following controlled exposures of aviruliferous S. festinus for two weeks on infected, asympt...

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Vydáno v:Viruses Ročník 15; číslo 4; s. 927
Hlavní autoři: Flasco, Madison T., Hoyle, Victoria, Cieniewicz, Elizabeth J., Loeb, Greg, McLane, Heather, Perry, Keith, Fuchs, Marc F.
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: Switzerland MDPI AG 07.04.2023
MDPI
Témata:
acquisition
alfalfa
Animals
Blotch
California
Cloning
Cultivars
digestive system
Epidemiology
Farms
Geminiviridae
Geminiviridae - genetics
Grablovirus
Grapevine red blotch virus
Greenhouses
Hemiptera
Humans
Humidity
Insects
Laboratories
Leaves
Medicago sativa
New York
Phylogenetics
Plant Diseases
Salivary gland
Shoots
Spissistilus festinus
transmission
Vines
Vineyards
Vitis
Vitis vinifera
Wineries & vineyards
Wines
Oregon
Northern California
New York
California
United States > US
Taiwan
Grablovirus
Geminiviridae
transmission
acquisition
Vitis vinifera
Spissistilus festinus
ISSN:1999-4915, 1999-4915
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Shrnutí:Spissistilus festinus (Hemiptera: Membracidae) transmit grapevine red blotch virus (GRBV, Grablovirus, Geminiviridae) in greenhouse settings; however, their role as a vector of GRBV in vineyards is unknown. Following controlled exposures of aviruliferous S. festinus for two weeks on infected, asymptomatic vines in a California vineyard in June and a 48 h gut clearing on alfalfa, a nonhost of GRBV, approximately half of the released insects tested positive for GRBV (45%, 46 of 102), including in the salivary glands of dissected individuals (11%, 3 of 27), indicating acquisition. Following controlled exposures of viruliferous S. festinus for two to six weeks on GRBV-negative vines in vineyards in California and New York in June, transmission of GRBV was detected when two S. festinus were restricted to a single leaf (3%, 2 of 62 in California; 10%, 5 of 50 in New York) but not with cohorts of 10–20 specimens on entire or half shoots. This work was consistent with greenhouse assays in which transmission was most successful with S. festinus exposed to a single leaf (42%, 5 of 12), but rarely occurred on half shoots (8%, 1 of 13), and never on entire shoots (0%, 0 of 18), documenting that the transmission of GRBV is facilitated through the feeding of fewer S. festinus on a restricted area of grapevine tissue. This work demonstrates S. festinus is a GRBV vector of epidemiological importance in vineyards.
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ISSN:1999-4915
1999-4915
DOI:10.3390/v15040927