Risks and Challenges of Arboviral Diseases in Sudan: The Urgent Need for Actions

The risk of emergence and/or re-emergence of arthropod-borne viral (arboviral) infections is rapidly growing worldwide, particularly in Africa. The burden of arboviral infections and diseases is not well scrutinized because of the inefficient surveillance systems in endemic countries. Furthermore, t...

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Vydané v:Viruses Ročník 12; číslo 1; s. 81
Hlavní autori: Ahmed, Ayman, Dietrich, Isabelle, LaBeaud, A. Desiree, Lindsay, Steve W., Musa, Ahmed, Weaver, Scott C.
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: Switzerland MDPI AG 09.01.2020
MDPI
Predmet:
Animals
arboviral diseases
Arbovirus Infections - epidemiology
Arbovirus Infections - prevention & control
arboviruses
Arboviruses - genetics
Arthropod Vectors - virology
arthropod-borne viruses
Biomedical Research
Communicable Disease Control
Dengue fever
diagnostic techniques
disease outbreaks
emergence
Epidemics
Epidemics - prevention & control
Epidemiology
Fatalities
Genome, Viral
genomics
health policy
health services
Humans
Malaria
monitoring
mosquito-borne viruses
outbreaks
Public health
Review
Risk Factors
sandfly-borne viruses
sequence analysis
Sudan
Sudan - epidemiology
tick-borne viruses
Whole genome sequencing
Zika virus
Sudan
Darfur Sudan
Africa
arthropod-borne viruses
sandfly-borne viruses
arboviral diseases
tick-borne viruses
epidemics
emergence
Sudan
arboviruses
mosquito-borne viruses
outbreaks
ISSN:1999-4915, 1999-4915
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Shrnutí:The risk of emergence and/or re-emergence of arthropod-borne viral (arboviral) infections is rapidly growing worldwide, particularly in Africa. The burden of arboviral infections and diseases is not well scrutinized because of the inefficient surveillance systems in endemic countries. Furthermore, the health systems are fully occupied by the burden of other co-existing febrile illnesses, especially malaria. In this review we summarize the epidemiology and risk factors associated with the major human arboviral diseases and highlight the gap in knowledge, research, and control in Sudan. Published data in English up to March 2019 were reviewed and are discussed to identify the risks and challenges for the control of arboviruses in the country. In addition, the lack of suitable diagnostic tools such as viral genome sequencing, and the urgent need for establishing a genomic database of the circulating viruses and potential sources of entry are discussed. Moreover, the research and healthcare gaps and global health threats are analyzed, and suggestions for developing strategic health policy for the prevention and control of arboviruses with focus on building the local diagnostic and research capacity and establishing an early warning surveillance system for the early detection and containment of arboviral epidemics are offered.
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ISSN:1999-4915
1999-4915
DOI:10.3390/v12010081