Renal Purge of Hemolymphatic Lipids Prevents the Accumulation of ROS-Induced Inflammatory Oxidized Lipids and Protects Drosophila from Tissue Damage

Animals require complex metabolic and physiological adaptations to maintain the function of vital organs in response to environmental stresses and infection. Here, we found that infection or injury in Drosophila induced the excretion of hemolymphatic lipids by Malpighian tubules, the insect kidney....

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Published in:Immunity (Cambridge, Mass.) Vol. 52; no. 2; p. 374
Main Authors: Li, Xiaoxue, Rommelaere, Samuel, Kondo, Shu, Lemaitre, Bruno
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States 18.02.2020
Subjects:
Adaptive Immunity
Animals
Carrier Proteins - chemistry
Carrier Proteins - genetics
Carrier Proteins - metabolism
Diglycerides - metabolism
Drosophila melanogaster - genetics
Drosophila melanogaster - immunology
Drosophila melanogaster - metabolism
Drosophila Proteins - chemistry
Drosophila Proteins - deficiency
Drosophila Proteins - genetics
Drosophila Proteins - metabolism
Feces - chemistry
Hemolymph - metabolism
Lipid Metabolism - immunology
Lipid Peroxidation - immunology
Malpighian Tubules - immunology
Malpighian Tubules - metabolism
MAP Kinase Signaling System - immunology
Protein Conformation
Reactive Oxygen Species - immunology
Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism
Stress, Physiological - immunology
homeostasis
stress
excretion
immune adaptation
Drosophila
ROS
immunity
lipid peroxidation
Malpighian tubules
ISSN:1097-4180, 1097-4180
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Summary:Animals require complex metabolic and physiological adaptations to maintain the function of vital organs in response to environmental stresses and infection. Here, we found that infection or injury in Drosophila induced the excretion of hemolymphatic lipids by Malpighian tubules, the insect kidney. This lipid purge was mediated by a stress-induced lipid-binding protein, Materazzi, which was enriched in Malpighian tubules. Flies lacking materazzi had higher hemolymph concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increased lipid peroxidation. These flies also displayed Malpighian tubule dysfunction and were susceptible to infections and environmental stress. Feeding flies with antioxidants rescued the materazzi phenotype, indicating that the main role of Materazzi is to protect the organism from damage caused by stress-induced ROS. Our findings suggest that purging hemolymphatic lipids presents a physiological adaptation to protect host tissues from excessive ROS during immune and stress responses, a process that is likely to apply to other organisms.
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ISSN:1097-4180
1097-4180
DOI:10.1016/j.immuni.2020.01.008