The Importance of Accurate Host Species Identification in the Framework of Rabies Surveillance, Control and Elimination

Accurate host identification is paramount to understand disease epidemiology and to apply appropriate control measures. This is especially important for multi-host pathogens such as the rabies virus, a major and almost invariably fatal zoonosis that has mobilized unanimous engagement at an internati...

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Vydáno v:	Viruses Ročník 14; číslo 3; s. 492
Hlavní autoři:	De Benedictis, Paola, Leopardi, Stefania, Markotter, Wanda, Velasco-Villa, Andres
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	Switzerland MDPI AG 28.02.2022 MDPI
Témata:	Africa South of the Sahara Animals Biodiversity COVID-19 Cytochrome Cytochrome b Cytochrome-c oxidase Dog Diseases - diagnosis Dog Diseases - epidemiology Dog Diseases - prevention & control Dogs Endangered & extinct species Epidemiology host identification hosts Humans Identification infectious diseases International organizations Keys Laboratories monitoring Pathogens Rabies Rabies - epidemiology Rabies - prevention & control Rabies - veterinary Rabies lyssavirus Rabies virus Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 species identification Sub-Saharan Africa Surveillance Taxonomy Viruses Wildlife conservation wildlife reservoir Zoonoses Zoonoses - epidemiology Zoonoses - prevention & control Africa South of the Sahara Brazil United States > US Germany Africa Sub-Saharan Africa epidemiology rabies wildlife reservoir host identification infectious diseases
ISSN:	1999-4915, 1999-4915
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Shrnutí:	Accurate host identification is paramount to understand disease epidemiology and to apply appropriate control measures. This is especially important for multi-host pathogens such as the rabies virus, a major and almost invariably fatal zoonosis that has mobilized unanimous engagement at an international level towards the final goal of zero human deaths due to canine rabies. Currently, diagnostic laboratories implement a standardized identification using taxonomic keys. However, this method is challenged by high and undiscovered biodiversity, decomposition of carcasses and subjective misevaluation, as has been attested to by findings from a cohort of 242 archived specimens collected across Sub-Saharan Africa and submitted for rabies diagnosis. We applied two simple and cheap methods targeting the Cytochrome b and Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I to confirm the initial classification. We therefore suggest prioritizing a standardized protocol that includes, as a first step, the implementation of taxonomic keys at a family or subfamily level, followed by the molecular characterization of the host species.
Bibliografie:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23
ISSN:	1999-4915 1999-4915
DOI:	10.3390/v14030492