Orality and the Writing Lesson: The Work of Vernacular Intellectuals

Setting off from Eileen Julien’s work on orality and the African novel, this essay takes the question of the relation between writing and oral expressions a step further by exploring how, in the hands of “vernacular” intellectuals, the oral became inseparable from writing. Writing enabled orality to...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Research in African literatures Vol. 55; no. 3; pp. 38 - 49
Main Author: Gikandi, Simon
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Bloomington Indiana University Press 22.09.2025
Subjects:
ISSN:0034-5210, 1527-2044, 1527-2044
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Abstract Setting off from Eileen Julien’s work on orality and the African novel, this essay takes the question of the relation between writing and oral expressions a step further by exploring how, in the hands of “vernacular” intellectuals, the oral became inseparable from writing. Writing enabled orality to enter the colonial public sphere; conversely, writing needed orality to assert its Africanness.
AbstractList Setting off from Eileen Julien's work on orality and the African novel, this essay takes the question of the relation between writing and oral expressions a step further by exploring how, in the hands of "vernacular" intellectuals, the oral became inseparable from writing. Writing enabled orality to enter the colonial public sphere; conversely, writing needed orality to assert its Africanness.
Audience Academic
Author Gikandi, Simon
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Simon
  surname: Gikandi
  fullname: Gikandi, Simon
BookMark eNqNkk9rGzEQxUVIoU7aQz9BFnLqYV399WpzS93UNRh8SNoehVY72q67llJJC823jxyHBoMpQYcB8XvDzLx3hk6dd4DQB4KntK7qT0EPU4xxhU_QhAhalRRzfoomGDNeCkrwW3QW4yYjlNB6gr6ss6JPD4V2bZF-QfEz9Kl3XbGCGL27Ku52fz78LrwtfkBw2oyDDsXSJRgGMGnUQ3yH3thc4P1zPUffv97czb-Vq_ViOb9elYbXdSpN03DekBYIWClFxQTRYJoWtBTQWklxTYFJarmVDEtBRKVb1kiaNxONMewcXe773gf_Z4SY1MaPeaQhKka54ExWUmTqYk91egA1BNPpMUZ1LYVgXM5m1UufJ6J31qegzbaP5pAqj1AdOMgny1e3ff4-4KdH-Pxa2PbmqODjgSAzCf6m_bjLz4tXs3Kx-t_gz6zx2bAOVLZkvj7a2wQfYwCr7kO_1eFBEax2qVJ5YfWUqszyfxZssv3bMcKLC_WsJlio213ydsGjgmUZp-wRrBHKQw
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright Copyright © The Trustees of Indiana University
COPYRIGHT 2025 Indiana University Press
Copyright Indiana University Press 2025
Copyright_xml – notice: Copyright © The Trustees of Indiana University
– notice: COPYRIGHT 2025 Indiana University Press
– notice: Copyright Indiana University Press 2025
DBID AAYXX
CITATION
8GL
IBG
ILR
3V.
7XB
8BJ
8FK
8G5
ABUWG
AFKRA
AIMQZ
AVQMV
AZQEC
BEC
BENPR
BSCPQ
CCPQU
CLO
DWQXO
FQK
GB0
GNUQQ
GUQSH
JBE
K50
LD-
LD.
LIQON
M1D
M2O
MBDVC
PAF
PEJEM
PETBT
PHGZM
PHGZT
PHNHU
PKEHL
PMKZF
PPXUT
PQEST
PQLNA
PQQKQ
PQUKI
PRINS
PROLI
Q9U
QXPDG
UXAQP
DOI 10.2979/ral.00070
DatabaseName CrossRef
Gale In Context: High School
Gale In Context: Biography
Gale Literature Resource Center
ProQuest Central (Corporate)
ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)
International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)
ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)
ProQuest Research Library
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
ProQuest Central UK/Ireland
ProQuest One Literature
Arts Premium Collection
ProQuest Central Essentials - QC
eLibrary
ProQuest Central
Black Studies Center
ProQuest One
Literature Online Core (LION Core) (legacy)
ProQuest Central Korea
International Bibliography of the Social Sciences
DELNET Social Sciences & Humanities Collection
ProQuest Central Student
ProQuest Research Library
International Bibliography of the Social Sciences
Art, Design & Architecture Collection
Ethnic NewsWatch
Ethnic NewsWatch (Alumni)
ProQuest One Literature - U.S. Customers Only
Arts & Humanities Database
Research Library
Research Library (Corporate)
ProQuest Learning: Literature
ProQuest One Visual Arts & Design
ProQuest Global & International Studies Collection
ProQuest Central Premium
ProQuest One Academic (New)
ProQuest One Global Studies & International Relations
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest Digital Collections
Literature Online Premium (LION Premium) (legacy)
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)
Literature Online (LION) – US Customers Only
ProQuest One Academic (retired)
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
ProQuest Central China
Literature Online (LION)
ProQuest Central Basic
Diversity Collection
ProQuest One Black Studies
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
Literature Online Core (LION Core)
ProQuest DELNET Social Sciences and Humanities Collection
Research Library Prep
ProQuest Central Student
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest Central Essentials
elibrary
ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest One Community College
Research Library (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest One Global Studies & International Relations
ProQuest Central China
Global & International Studies Collection
Ethnic NewsWatch (Alumni)
ProQuest Central
Arts Premium Collection
International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)
Diversity Collection
ProQuest Central Korea
ProQuest Global & International Studies Collection
ProQuest Research Library
ProQuest Central (New)
ProQuest Art, Design and Architecture Collection
Ethnic NewsWatch
ProQuest One Literature - U.S. Customers Only
ProQuest Black Studies
Literature Online Premium (LION Premium)
ProQuest Central Basic
ProQuest One Literature
Black Studies Center
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition
ProQuest Learning: Literature
ProQuest Digital Collections
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
ProQuest One Visual Arts & Design
Arts & Humanities Full Text
Literature Online Premium - US Customers Only
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest One Academic (New)
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
DatabaseTitleList
Literature Online Core (LION Core)

CrossRef
Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: BENPR
  name: ProQuest Central
  url: https://www.proquest.com/central
  sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Languages & Literatures
Women's Studies
EISSN 1527-2044
EndPage 49
ExternalDocumentID A855348667
10_2979_ral_00070
969105_S1527204425300042
GeographicLocations Africa
GeographicLocations_xml – name: Africa
GroupedDBID -DZ
-~X
.4H
0R~
123
29P
2AX
3LD
4.4
5VS
6OB
706
709
70A
70B
85S
8G5
8GL
AAAZV
AACJB
AACKI
AAGGK
AAHKB
AAHKG
AAMZP
AAOTU
AARFW
AAVNP
AAWJA
AAXGD
ABBHK
ABDBF
ABDLL
ABECW
ABEZY
ABIFP
ABKFI
ABKVW
ABUWG
ABXSQ
ACAFA
ACDWB
ACGFO
ACHIS
ACIHN
ACNTW
ACOGW
ACUHS
ACWXD
ACWYQ
ACYXD
ACZ
ADHJG
ADMHG
ADOGR
ADPSH
ADTUW
ADULT
ADWTG
AEAQA
AEHYH
AEICF
AERNI
AEUPB
AFFNX
AFKRA
AFNCV
AHCPF
AIHXW
AIMQZ
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
AMBIC
ANBFE
ANHLU
AOQIW
AS~
AVQMV
AZNTW
AZQEC
B0M
BCR
BCU
BDXBR
BEC
BENPR
BEVBV
BLC
BPHCQ
BQOBL
BSCPQ
CAG
CCPQU
COF
CS3
DU5
DWQXO
EAD
EAP
EAS
EBS
EBTJD
EJD
EMK
EPL
ESO
ESX
EURQT
FOMLG
GB0
GICCO
GNUQQ
GUQSH
H13
HEAUX
HGD
HMHOC
HQDSM
HVGLF
IAO
IBG
IEA
IFM
ILR
INU
IOF
IPSME
ISE
ISN
ITC
JAAYA
JAF
JBMMH
JENOY
JHFFW
JKQEH
JLEZI
JLXEF
JPL
JST
K50
LD-
LIQON
LPU
M1D
M2O
MAH
MBR
MBU
MLAFT
MQ9
MSI
MUA
MUP
MUS
MVM
N9A
P-O
P2P
PAF
PAQYV
PEA
PEJEM
PETBT
PHGZM
PHGZT
PHNHU
PLION
PMKZF
PQLNA
PQQKQ
PROAC
PROLI
PUEGO
QF4
QN3
QN7
QXPDG
RC9
ROL
RXW
SA0
SJFOW
TAE
TN5
U5U
UXAQP
VQG
WH7
WU5
XOL
ZCA
ZY4
~8M
AAYXX
AFFHD
CITATION
3V.
7XB
8BJ
8FK
CLO
FQK
JBE
MBDVC
PKEHL
PPXUT
PQEST
PQUKI
PRINS
Q9U
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c499t-cbb44b1de1ef8857351aecbdea85edf82092e382f4f83085157ad3b822975bcc3
IEDL.DBID M1D
ISICitedReferencesCount 0
ISICitedReferencesURI http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=001567864000005&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN 0034-5210
1527-2044
IngestDate Sat Nov 08 00:07:51 EST 2025
Sat Nov 29 01:15:23 EST 2025
Mon Nov 24 16:08:36 EST 2025
Sat Nov 29 11:50:57 EST 2025
Sat Nov 29 10:28:38 EST 2025
Wed Nov 26 10:42:57 EST 2025
Wed Nov 26 10:43:01 EST 2025
Sat Nov 29 09:37:47 EST 2025
Sat Nov 29 07:33:18 EST 2025
Sat Sep 13 05:40:25 EDT 2025
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 3
Language English
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c499t-cbb44b1de1ef8857351aecbdea85edf82092e382f4f83085157ad3b822975bcc3
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 14
PQID 3245438785
PQPubID 48187
PageCount 12
ParticipantIDs proquest_journals_3245438785
gale_lrcgauss_A855348667
gale_infotracmisc_A855348667
gale_infotracgeneralonefile_A855348667
gale_infotracacademiconefile_A855348667
gale_incontextgauss_IBG_A855348667
gale_incontextgauss_8GL_A855348667
gale_incontextcollege_GICCO_A855348667
crossref_primary_10_2979_ral_00070
projectmuse_journals_969105_S1527204425300042
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 20250922
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2025-09-22
PublicationDate_xml – month: 09
  year: 2025
  text: 20250922
  day: 22
PublicationDecade 2020
PublicationPlace Bloomington
PublicationPlace_xml – name: Bloomington
PublicationTitle Research in African literatures
PublicationTitleAlternate Research in African Literatures
PublicationYear 2025
Publisher Indiana University Press
Publisher_xml – name: Indiana University Press
RelatedPersons Irele, Abiola (1936-2017)
RelatedPersons_xml – fullname: Irele, Abiola (1936-2017)
SSID ssj0002129
Score 2.335985
Snippet Setting off from Eileen Julien’s work on orality and the African novel, this essay takes the question of the relation between writing and oral expressions a...
Setting off from Eileen Julien's work on orality and the African novel, this essay takes the question of the relation between writing and oral expressions a...
SourceID proquest
gale
crossref
projectmuse
SourceType Aggregation Database
Index Database
Publisher
StartPage 38
SubjectTerms African literature
Alienation
Colonialism
Cultural heritage
Culture
Decolonization
History
Intellectuals
Irele, Abiola (1936-2017)
Literacy
Literary history
Novels
Oral tradition
Public sphere
Social aspects
Spoken written language relationship
Traditions
Writing
Title Orality and the Writing Lesson: The Work of Vernacular Intellectuals
URI https://muse.jhu.edu/article/969105
https://www.proquest.com/docview/3245438785
Volume 55
WOSCitedRecordID wos001567864000005&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights – providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: Arts & Humanities Database
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1527-2044
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0002129
  issn: 0034-5210
  databaseCode: M1D
  dateStart: 19940401
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/artshumanities
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: ProQuest Central
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1527-2044
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0002129
  issn: 0034-5210
  databaseCode: BENPR
  dateStart: 19940401
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.proquest.com/central
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: Research Library
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1527-2044
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0002129
  issn: 0034-5210
  databaseCode: M2O
  dateStart: 19940401
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/pqrl
  providerName: ProQuest
link http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV1Nb9QwELWg5cClQIG2UCoLoe0pauKP2OGC-g3SsltBgd4s27FXiCppky2_H0_ibTcCwYFLDvFTYsvj5-exPYPQG2I4YzaVCTeFSRhhPim8kYm0xmZeW5Hr7qLwWEwm8uKiOIsOtzYeq1xwYkfUZW3BR74XJn7OqBSSv7u6TiBrFOyuxhQa99FqUDYZLL4-Zke3TBxouZe_lIUFV5b2kYVIIYq9JihbmB_TwXwUWXnZC_IbR3cTz8mj_63yY7QWJSfe723kCbrnqnW0MY6OyhaP8Pg2tnK7jta6pJa7LY5HDJ-io2nTqXWsqxIHwYi_QSSkaobHgSbr6i0-h3d18wPXHn8FB2N3uBUvX1Fpn6EvJ8fnh--TmH0hsWEVNE-sMYyZrHSZ81JyQXmmnTWl05K70gflUBBHJfHMSwrCjQtdUgMB5AU31tLnaKWqK7eJsPAp9d4UkriUlQXXJgfll4tgPqXP_RZ6vegDddUH2VBhcQIdpUIDVddRW2gEvaMgaEUFp2Js71lRodKHU7UvOadM5rkIXxsCZ_qmbZU8Hf8b9OHgdADajSBfzxttdbyyEFoFUbMGyNEAOetjhv8JuD0AhsFsB8WbXfFlY_sKLRclS2apItW0qsiD4uPqM-QnJikLHExBqJPwp4VV3oHvTPLF34tfoocEMh3D_hvZRivz5sa9Qg_sz_n3ttlBqwfHk7NPO91wgyeZ_gLjwS_a
linkProvider ProQuest
linkToHtml http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1Lb9QwELZKQYJLgfJooYCFYHuKmjh24iAhVLq0XTXdIrGF3kzs2CsESkqyBfGn-I3MJNl2IxCceuAaf3k48cw3MxnPEPKMacG58aUndKI9zrjzEqelJ402gctMHGXNRuE0Ho_lyUnydon8nO-FwbTKuU5sFHVeGoyRbwHxCx7KWIpXp1897BqFf1fnLTTaZXFgf3wHl61-ORrC933O2O6byc6-13UV8AxY9zPPaM25DnIbWCeliEMRZNbo3GZS2NwBIybMhpI57mSIBomIszzUWBg9FtqYEK57hVzFunqYQnYYDM81P9BAa26HHBy8wG8rGcF5yVYFljTysd_jv44FFqMuv3FCQ3S7N_-3V3SLrHQmNd1uZeA2WbLFKrmfdoHYmg5oel47ul4lK03Tzs2adimUd8jwqGq8EZoVOQWDmH7ASk_FlKZAA2Xxgk7wWFl9pqWj7zGA2iTv0sUtOPVdcnwpk7xHlouysGuExs4PndOJZNbneSIyHaFlG8UgHrmL3Dp5Ov_m6rQtIqLA-cKFoWCCqlkY62SAq0FhUY4Cs35MGzlS8NA7R2pbChFyGUUxXK0PnGZnda3kXvpv0Oj1Xg-02YFcOasyk3VbMmBWWBWshxz0kNO2JvqfgBs9ICgr0xtea4a_VKZ9oMUhb0EMVKdKa5VEYNEK9Q77LzOfA8eE6IgwuNNcCi7AFyLw4O_DT8j1_clhqtLR-OAhucGwqzP-a2QbZHlWndlH5Jr5NvtUV48bEafk42ULzC-9ZIvS
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Orality+and+the+Writing+Lesson%3A+The+Work+of+Vernacular+Intellectuals&rft.jtitle=Research+in+African+literatures&rft.au=Gikandi%2C+Simon&rft.date=2025-09-22&rft.pub=Indiana+University+Press&rft.issn=0034-5210&rft.eissn=1527-2044&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=38&rft.epage=49&rft_id=info:doi/10.2979%2Fral.00070&rft.externalDocID=969105_S1527204425300042
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0034-5210&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0034-5210&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0034-5210&client=summon