Genetic Diversity and Molecular Evolution of Hepatitis E Virus Within the Genus Chirohepevirus in Bats

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major zoonotic pathogen causing hepatitis E, with strains identified in various animal species, including pigs, wild boar, rabbits, deer, camels, and rats. These variants are capable of crossing species barriers and infecting humans. HEV belongs to the family Hepeviridae...

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Vydáno v:	Viruses Ročník 17; číslo 3; s. 339
Hlavní autoři:	Wang, Bo, Cronin, Peter, Mah, Marcus G., Yang, Xing-Lou, Su, Yvonne C. F.
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	Switzerland MDPI AG 28.02.2025 MDPI
Témata:	Amino acids Animals Bats Biological diversity Chirohepevirus Chiroptera - virology Evolution Evolution, Molecular Evolutionary biology Genera Genetic aspects Genetic diversity Genetic Variation Genome, Viral Genomes Genomics Health aspects Hepatitis Hepatitis E Hepatitis E - veterinary Hepatitis E - virology Hepatitis E virus hepatitis E virus (HEV) Hepatitis E virus - classification Hepatitis E virus - genetics Hepatitis E virus - isolation & purification Hepeviridae Infections Molecular evolution Next-generation sequencing Nucleotides Open Reading Frames Pathogens Phylogenetics Phylogeny Physiological aspects Public health Species Strains (organisms) Taxonomy Viral infections Virus research Viruses Zoonoses zoonotic potential New Zealand China Singapore bats genetic diversity chirohepevirus hepatitis E virus (HEV) zoonotic potential molecular evolution
ISSN:	1999-4915, 1999-4915
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Abstract	Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major zoonotic pathogen causing hepatitis E, with strains identified in various animal species, including pigs, wild boar, rabbits, deer, camels, and rats. These variants are capable of crossing species barriers and infecting humans. HEV belongs to the family Hepeviridae, which has recently divided into two subfamilies: Orthohepevirinae and Parahepevirinae, and five genera: Paslahepevirus, Avihepevirus, Rocahepevirus, Chirohepevirus, and Piscihepevirus. Recent advances in high-throughput sequencing, particularly of bat viromes, have revealed numerous HEV-related viruses, raising concerns about their zoonotic potential. Bat-derived HEVs have been classified into the genus Chirohepevirus, which includes three distinct species. In this study, we analyzed 64 chirohepevirus sequences from 22 bat species across six bat families collected from nine countries. Twelve sequences represent complete or nearly complete viral genomes (>6410 nucleotides) containing the characteristic three HEV open reading frames (ORFs). These strains exhibited high sequence divergence (>25%) within their respective host genera or species. Phylogenetic analyses with maximum likelihood methods identified at least seven distinct subclades within Chirohepevirus, each potentially representing an independent species. Additionally, the close phylogenetic relationship between chirohepevirus strains and their bat hosts indicates a pattern of virus–host co-speciation. Our findings expand the known diversity within the family Hepeviridae and provide new insights into the evolution of bat-associated HEV. Continued surveillance of chirohepevirus will be essential for understanding its potential for zoonotic transmission and public health risks.
AbstractList	Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major zoonotic pathogen causing hepatitis E, with strains identified in various animal species, including pigs, wild boar, rabbits, deer, camels, and rats. These variants are capable of crossing species barriers and infecting humans. HEV belongs to the family Hepeviridae, which has recently divided into two subfamilies: Orthohepevirinae and Parahepevirinae, and five genera: Paslahepevirus, Avihepevirus, Rocahepevirus, Chirohepevirus, and Piscihepevirus. Recent advances in high-throughput sequencing, particularly of bat viromes, have revealed numerous HEV-related viruses, raising concerns about their zoonotic potential. Bat-derived HEVs have been classified into the genus Chirohepevirus, which includes three distinct species. In this study, we analyzed 64 chirohepevirus sequences from 22 bat species across six bat families collected from nine countries. Twelve sequences represent complete or nearly complete viral genomes (>6410 nucleotides) containing the characteristic three HEV open reading frames (ORFs). These strains exhibited high sequence divergence (>25%) within their respective host genera or species. Phylogenetic analyses with maximum likelihood methods identified at least seven distinct subclades within Chirohepevirus, each potentially representing an independent species. Additionally, the close phylogenetic relationship between chirohepevirus strains and their bat hosts indicates a pattern of virus–host co-speciation. Our findings expand the known diversity within the family Hepeviridae and provide new insights into the evolution of bat-associated HEV. Continued surveillance of chirohepevirus will be essential for understanding its potential for zoonotic transmission and public health risks. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major zoonotic pathogen causing hepatitis E, with strains identified in various animal species, including pigs, wild boar, rabbits, deer, camels, and rats. These variants are capable of crossing species barriers and infecting humans. HEV belongs to the family Hepeviridae, which has recently divided into two subfamilies: Orthohepevirinae and Parahepevirinae, and five genera: Paslahepevirus, Avihepevirus, Rocahepevirus, Chirohepevirus, and Piscihepevirus. Recent advances in high-throughput sequencing, particularly of bat viromes, have revealed numerous HEV-related viruses, raising concerns about their zoonotic potential. Bat-derived HEVs have been classified into the genus Chirohepevirus, which includes three distinct species. In this study, we analyzed 64 chirohepevirus sequences from 22 bat species across six bat families collected from nine countries. Twelve sequences represent complete or nearly complete viral genomes (>6410 nucleotides) containing the characteristic three HEV open reading frames (ORFs). These strains exhibited high sequence divergence (>25%) within their respective host genera or species. Phylogenetic analyses with maximum likelihood methods identified at least seven distinct subclades within Chirohepevirus, each potentially representing an independent species. Additionally, the close phylogenetic relationship between chirohepevirus strains and their bat hosts indicates a pattern of virus-host co-speciation. Our findings expand the known diversity within the family Hepeviridae and provide new insights into the evolution of bat-associated HEV. Continued surveillance of chirohepevirus will be essential for understanding its potential for zoonotic transmission and public health risks.Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major zoonotic pathogen causing hepatitis E, with strains identified in various animal species, including pigs, wild boar, rabbits, deer, camels, and rats. These variants are capable of crossing species barriers and infecting humans. HEV belongs to the family Hepeviridae, which has recently divided into two subfamilies: Orthohepevirinae and Parahepevirinae, and five genera: Paslahepevirus, Avihepevirus, Rocahepevirus, Chirohepevirus, and Piscihepevirus. Recent advances in high-throughput sequencing, particularly of bat viromes, have revealed numerous HEV-related viruses, raising concerns about their zoonotic potential. Bat-derived HEVs have been classified into the genus Chirohepevirus, which includes three distinct species. In this study, we analyzed 64 chirohepevirus sequences from 22 bat species across six bat families collected from nine countries. Twelve sequences represent complete or nearly complete viral genomes (>6410 nucleotides) containing the characteristic three HEV open reading frames (ORFs). These strains exhibited high sequence divergence (>25%) within their respective host genera or species. Phylogenetic analyses with maximum likelihood methods identified at least seven distinct subclades within Chirohepevirus, each potentially representing an independent species. Additionally, the close phylogenetic relationship between chirohepevirus strains and their bat hosts indicates a pattern of virus-host co-speciation. Our findings expand the known diversity within the family Hepeviridae and provide new insights into the evolution of bat-associated HEV. Continued surveillance of chirohepevirus will be essential for understanding its potential for zoonotic transmission and public health risks. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major zoonotic pathogen causing hepatitis E, with strains identified in various animal species, including pigs, wild boar, rabbits, deer, camels, and rats. These variants are capable of crossing species barriers and infecting humans. HEV belongs to the family , which has recently divided into two subfamilies: and , and five genera: , , , , and . Recent advances in high-throughput sequencing, particularly of bat viromes, have revealed numerous HEV-related viruses, raising concerns about their zoonotic potential. Bat-derived HEVs have been classified into the genus , which includes three distinct species. In this study, we analyzed 64 chirohepevirus sequences from 22 bat species across six bat families collected from nine countries. Twelve sequences represent complete or nearly complete viral genomes (>6410 nucleotides) containing the characteristic three HEV open reading frames (ORFs). These strains exhibited high sequence divergence (>25%) within their respective host genera or species. Phylogenetic analyses with maximum likelihood methods identified at least seven distinct subclades within , each potentially representing an independent species. Additionally, the close phylogenetic relationship between chirohepevirus strains and their bat hosts indicates a pattern of virus-host co-speciation. Our findings expand the known diversity within the family and provide new insights into the evolution of bat-associated HEV. Continued surveillance of chirohepevirus will be essential for understanding its potential for zoonotic transmission and public health risks.
Audience	Academic
Author	Cronin, Peter Mah, Marcus G. Wang, Bo Su, Yvonne C. F. Yang, Xing-Lou
AuthorAffiliation	2 Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models, Yunnan International Joint Laboratory of Zoonotic Viruses, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Information, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China; yangxinglou@mail.kiz.ac.cn 1 Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore; peter@duke-nus.edu.sg (P.C.); marcus.mah@duke-nus.edu.sg (M.G.M.)
AuthorAffiliation_xml	– name: 2 Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models, Yunnan International Joint Laboratory of Zoonotic Viruses, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Information, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China; yangxinglou@mail.kiz.ac.cn – name: 1 Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore; peter@duke-nus.edu.sg (P.C.); marcus.mah@duke-nus.edu.sg (M.G.M.)
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Bo orcidid: 0000-0002-8560-9071 surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Bo – sequence: 2 givenname: Peter surname: Cronin fullname: Cronin, Peter – sequence: 3 givenname: Marcus G. orcidid: 0000-0001-8861-7328 surname: Mah fullname: Mah, Marcus G. – sequence: 4 givenname: Xing-Lou surname: Yang fullname: Yang, Xing-Lou – sequence: 5 givenname: Yvonne C. F. orcidid: 0000-0003-4349-9211 surname: Su fullname: Su, Yvonne C. F.
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SubjectTerms	Amino acids Animals Bats Biological diversity Chirohepevirus Chiroptera - virology Evolution Evolution, Molecular Evolutionary biology Genera Genetic aspects Genetic diversity Genetic Variation Genome, Viral Genomes Genomics Health aspects Hepatitis Hepatitis E Hepatitis E - veterinary Hepatitis E - virology Hepatitis E virus hepatitis E virus (HEV) Hepatitis E virus - classification Hepatitis E virus - genetics Hepatitis E virus - isolation & purification Hepeviridae Infections Molecular evolution Next-generation sequencing Nucleotides Open Reading Frames Pathogens Phylogenetics Phylogeny Physiological aspects Public health Species Strains (organisms) Taxonomy Viral infections Virus research Viruses Zoonoses zoonotic potential
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Title	Genetic Diversity and Molecular Evolution of Hepatitis E Virus Within the Genus Chirohepevirus in Bats
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