Genetic Diversity and Molecular Evolution of Hepatitis E Virus Within the Genus Chirohepevirus in Bats

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major zoonotic pathogen causing hepatitis E, with strains identified in various animal species, including pigs, wild boar, rabbits, deer, camels, and rats. These variants are capable of crossing species barriers and infecting humans. HEV belongs to the family Hepeviridae...

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Vydáno v:Viruses Ročník 17; číslo 3; s. 339
Hlavní autoři: Wang, Bo, Cronin, Peter, Mah, Marcus G., Yang, Xing-Lou, Su, Yvonne C. F.
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: Switzerland MDPI AG 28.02.2025
MDPI
Témata:
Amino acids
Animals
Bats
Biological diversity
Chirohepevirus
Chiroptera - virology
Evolution
Evolution, Molecular
Evolutionary biology
Genera
Genetic aspects
Genetic diversity
Genetic Variation
Genome, Viral
Genomes
Genomics
Health aspects
Hepatitis
Hepatitis E
Hepatitis E - veterinary
Hepatitis E - virology
Hepatitis E virus
hepatitis E virus (HEV)
Hepatitis E virus - classification
Hepatitis E virus - genetics
Hepatitis E virus - isolation & purification
Hepeviridae
Infections
Molecular evolution
Next-generation sequencing
Nucleotides
Open Reading Frames
Pathogens
Phylogenetics
Phylogeny
Physiological aspects
Public health
Species
Strains (organisms)
Taxonomy
Viral infections
Virus research
Viruses
Zoonoses
zoonotic potential
New Zealand
China
Singapore
bats
genetic diversity
chirohepevirus
hepatitis E virus (HEV)
zoonotic potential
molecular evolution
ISSN:1999-4915, 1999-4915
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Shrnutí:Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major zoonotic pathogen causing hepatitis E, with strains identified in various animal species, including pigs, wild boar, rabbits, deer, camels, and rats. These variants are capable of crossing species barriers and infecting humans. HEV belongs to the family Hepeviridae, which has recently divided into two subfamilies: Orthohepevirinae and Parahepevirinae, and five genera: Paslahepevirus, Avihepevirus, Rocahepevirus, Chirohepevirus, and Piscihepevirus. Recent advances in high-throughput sequencing, particularly of bat viromes, have revealed numerous HEV-related viruses, raising concerns about their zoonotic potential. Bat-derived HEVs have been classified into the genus Chirohepevirus, which includes three distinct species. In this study, we analyzed 64 chirohepevirus sequences from 22 bat species across six bat families collected from nine countries. Twelve sequences represent complete or nearly complete viral genomes (>6410 nucleotides) containing the characteristic three HEV open reading frames (ORFs). These strains exhibited high sequence divergence (>25%) within their respective host genera or species. Phylogenetic analyses with maximum likelihood methods identified at least seven distinct subclades within Chirohepevirus, each potentially representing an independent species. Additionally, the close phylogenetic relationship between chirohepevirus strains and their bat hosts indicates a pattern of virus–host co-speciation. Our findings expand the known diversity within the family Hepeviridae and provide new insights into the evolution of bat-associated HEV. Continued surveillance of chirohepevirus will be essential for understanding its potential for zoonotic transmission and public health risks.
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ISSN:1999-4915
1999-4915
DOI:10.3390/v17030339