Gene alteration in zebrafish exposed to a mixture of substances of abuse

A recent surge in the use and abuse of diverse prescribed psychotic and illicit drugs necessitates the surveillance of drug residues in source water and the associated ecological impacts of chronic exposure to the aquatic organism. Thirty-six psychotic and illicit drug residues were determined in di...

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Vydáno v:Environmental pollution (1987) Ročník 278; s. 116777
Hlavní autoři: Subedi, B., Anderson, S., Croft, T.L., Rouchka, E.C., Zhang, M., Hammond-Weinberger, D.R.
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: England Elsevier Ltd 01.06.2021
Témata:
Animals
benzodiazepines
chronic exposure
cocaine
Danio rerio
Fluoxetine
gene expression
gene expression regulation
Illicit drugs
immune system
interleukin-1beta
Kentucky
Larva
major histocompatibility complex
metabolites
methadone
monitoring
municipal wastewater
Nervous system
Next generation gene sequencing
pollution
Psychotic drugs
risk factors
RNA-Seq
serotonin
Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors
wastewater treatment
Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity
Zebrafish
Kentucky
Illicit drugs
Psychotic drugs
Zebrafish
Nervous system
Next generation gene sequencing
RNA-Seq
ISSN:0269-7491, 1873-6424, 1873-6424
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Shrnutí:A recent surge in the use and abuse of diverse prescribed psychotic and illicit drugs necessitates the surveillance of drug residues in source water and the associated ecological impacts of chronic exposure to the aquatic organism. Thirty-six psychotic and illicit drug residues were determined in discharged wastewater from two centralized municipal wastewater treatment facilities and two wastewater receiving creeks for seven consecutive days in Kentucky. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae were exposed to the environmental relevant mixtures of all drug residues, all illicit drugs, and all prescribed psychotic drugs. The extracted RNA from fish homogenates was sequenced, and differentially expressed sequences were analyzed for known or predicted nervous system expression, and screened annotated protein-coding genes to the true environmental cocktail mixture. Illicit stimulant (cocaine and one metabolite), opioids (methadone, methadone metabolite, and oxycodone), hallucinogen (MDA), benzodiazepine (oxazepam and temazepam), carbamazepine, and all target selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors including sertraline, fluoxetine, venlafaxine, and citalopram were quantified in 100% of collected samples from both creeks. The high dose cocktail mixture exposure group revealed the largest group of differentially expressed genes: 100 upregulated and 77 downregulated (p ≤ 0.05; q ≤ 0.05). The top 20 differentially expressed sequences in each exposure group comprise 82 unique transcripts corresponding to 74% annotated genes, 7% non-coding sequences, and 19% uncharacterized sequences. Among 61 differentially expressed sequences that corresponded to annotated protein-coding genes, 23 (38%) genes or their homologs are known to be expressed in the nervous system of fish or other organisms. Several of the differentially expressed sequences are associated primarily with the immune system, including several major histocompatibility complex class I and interferon-induced proteins. Interleukin-1 beta (downregulated in this study) abnormalities are considered a risk factor for psychosis. This is the first study to assess the contributions of multiple classes of psychotic and illicit drugs in combination with developmental gene expression. [Display omitted] •Thirty-six psychotic and illicit drug residues determined in surface water.•Zebrafish larvae were exposed to the psychotic and illicit drug residues.•Cocktail mixture exposure differentially expressed genes.•Differentially expressed genes correspond to the immune system. CAPSULE: Thirty-six psychotic and illicit drug residues determined in surface water and zebrafish exposure to mixtures of those drugs expressed genes that correspond to the CNS and immune system.
Bibliografie:ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 23
Dena Hammond-Weinberger: Conceptualization, writing-reviewing, animal husbandry, exposure, RNA-extraction.
Eric Rouchka: Writing-reviewing, biostatistical interpretations on gene expression results
Tara Croft: Water sample collection, analysis of Drugs
Bikram Subedi: Conceptualization, writing-reviewing, water sample collection, analysis of drugs, analytical data interpretation
Sydni Anderson: Animal husbandry, exposure, RNA-extraction.
Authors Contribution/Statement
Mei Zhang: Gene expression analysis
ISSN:0269-7491
1873-6424
1873-6424
DOI:10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116777