Tick-borne encephalitis virus seroprevalence and infection incidence in Switzerland, 2020–2021

Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) infection can manifest as disease of variable severity, ranging from subclinical infection to severe disease with neurological involvement and potentially fatal outcome. Although TBE is recognized as a major public health problem in Europe, the true burden of dis...

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Vydané v:Scientific reports Ročník 15; číslo 1; s. 8346 - 13
Hlavní autori: Brêchet, Arthur, Kohler, Philipp, Dörr, Tamara, Grässli, Fabian, Vock, Michael, Salát, Jiří, Růžek, Daniel, Friedl, Andrée, Vuichard-Gysin, Danielle, Croxatto, Antony, Lienhard, Reto, Ackermann-Gäumann, Rahel
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: London Nature Publishing Group UK 11.03.2025
Nature Publishing Group
Nature Portfolio
Predmet:
631/326/1762
631/326/596
631/326/596/2562
Adult
Aged
Antibodies
Antibodies, Viral - blood
Antibodies, Viral - immunology
Encephalitis
Encephalitis Viruses, Tick-Borne - immunology
Encephalitis, Tick-Borne - blood
Encephalitis, Tick-Borne - epidemiology
Encephalitis, Tick-Borne - immunology
Encephalitis, Tick-Borne - virology
Env protein
Female
Health Personnel
Humanities and Social Sciences
Humans
Immunoglobulin G
Immunoglobulin G - blood
Immunoglobulin G - immunology
Incidence
Infections
Male
Medical personnel
Middle Aged
multidisciplinary
Orthoflavivirus
Prevalence
Prospective Studies
Proteins
Public health
Risk factors
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Seroepidemiologic Studies
Serology
Subclinical infection
Switzerland - epidemiology
TBE
TBEV
Tick-borne encephalitis
Vaccination
Young Adult
Switzerland
Prevalence
Tick-borne encephalitis
TBE
TBEV
Orthoflavivirus
Asymptomatic
Abortive
Incidence
ISSN:2045-2322, 2045-2322
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Shrnutí:Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) infection can manifest as disease of variable severity, ranging from subclinical infection to severe disease with neurological involvement and potentially fatal outcome. Although TBE is recognized as a major public health problem in Europe, the true burden of disease is potentially underestimated. Here, we investigated TBEV-specific antibody prevalence, infection incidence, and seroreversion and antibody decline rates in a prospective Swiss healthcare worker (HCW) cohort. We screened serum samples from 1444 HCWs between June and October 2020, and from a subset again between August and September 2021, using a TBEV envelope (E) protein IgG ELISA. Positive samples underwent further analysis with a TBEV non-structural protein 1 (NS1) IgG ELISA, and seroconversions in unvaccinated individuals were confirmed by seroneutralization testing. Questionnaire data were used to determine vaccination status and risk factors. TBEV E protein-specific IgG prevalence was 72.1% (95% CI 68.2–75.7%) in TBEV-vaccinated and 6% (95% CI 4.4–7.8%) in unvaccinated individuals. The estimated annual incidence of infection was 735/100,000. Age was the only factor significantly associated with seroprevalence. The seroreversion rate in unvaccinated individuals was 30.3% within one year, which is almost ten times higher than in vaccinated individuals (3.4%, annual decline rate 8.0%). NS1-specific IgG antibodies were six times more common in vaccinated than unvaccinated HCWs. In conclusion, undetected TBEV infections are common, and infection incidence is much higher than reported clinical cases. Individuals with abortive infections have high antibody decline and seroreversion rates. Whether lifelong protection is conferred and by which immune subsets remain unclear.
Bibliografia:ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
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ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/s41598-025-92560-1