Is Gut Microbiota a Key Player in Epilepsy Onset? A Longitudinal Study in Drug-Naive Children

Microbiota alterations have been recently investigated in individuals with epilepsy and in other neurological diseases as environmental factors that play a role, by acting through the gut-brain axis, in the pathological process. Most studies focus on the contribution of bacterial communities in refr...

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Vydáno v:	Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology Ročník 11; s. 749509
Hlavní autoři:	Ceccarani, Camilla, Viganò, Ilaria, Ottaviano, Emerenziana, Redaelli, Maria Gaia, Severgnini, Marco, Vignoli, Aglaia, Borghi, Elisa
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	Switzerland Frontiers Media SA 03.12.2021 Frontiers Media S.A
Témata:	Akkermansia Biodiversity Brain-Gut Axis Caregivers Cellular and Infection Microbiology Child Children Convulsions & seizures Drug resistance Drug therapy Enrollments Environmental factors Epilepsy Feces Gastrointestinal Microbiome Genetic testing Gut microbiota Gut-brain axis High fat diet Humans inflammation Intestinal microflora Ketogenesis Longitudinal Studies Low carbohydrate diet Metabolism Microbiomes Microbiota Neurological diseases Patients Pharmaceutical Preparations Pilot Projects Proteobacteria RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics rRNA 16S Seizures Software Taxonomy United States > US epilepsy Proteobacteria inflammation Akkermansia seizures anti-seizure medication gut microbiota
ISSN:	2235-2988, 2235-2988
On-line přístup:	Získat plný text
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Shrnutí:	Microbiota alterations have been recently investigated in individuals with epilepsy and in other neurological diseases as environmental factors that play a role, by acting through the gut-brain axis, in the pathological process. Most studies focus on the contribution of bacterial communities in refractory epilepsy and suggest a beneficial role of ketogenic diet in modulating the gut microbiota and seizure occurrence. However, they do not evaluate whether epilepsy itself alters the gut microbiota in these patients or if the gut microbial communities could contribute as a seizure trigger. In this pilot study, we performed 16S rRNA sequencing and investigated the gut microbial communities of eight children at their seizure onset and after anti-seizure was started (one year follow-up) and we compared microbial data with seven healthy children, age- and sex-matched. In drug-naive subjects, we observed a microbial signature that shared several features with those reported in refractory epilepsy, such as an increased abundance in Akkermansia spp. and Proteobacteria and a decreased relative abundance in Faecalibacterium spp.We suggest that a bacterial-mediated proinflammatory milieu could contribute to seizure occurrence in children with new onset of epilepsy, as already reported for individuals with drug-resistant epilepsy, and that it could vary during treatment in those who are drug-responsive.
Bibliografie:	SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 content type line 14 ObjectType-Report-1 ObjectType-Article-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 This article was submitted to Microbiome in Health and Disease, a section of the journal Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology Edited by: Pasquale Striano, University of Genoa, Italy Reviewed by: Antonella Riva, University of Genoa, Italy; Carmen De Caro, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Italy; Shan Liang, Institute of Microbiology (CAS), China
ISSN:	2235-2988 2235-2988
DOI:	10.3389/fcimb.2021.749509