Non-invasive evaluation of portal hypertension using ultrasound elastography

Portal hypertension (PH) leads to serious complications, such as bleeding from gastroesophageal varices, ascites and portosystemic encephalopathy in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD). Gold standard methods for assessing PH and its complications include the measurement of hepatic venous press...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of hepatology Jg. 67; H. 2; S. 399 - 411
1. Verfasser: Berzigotti, Annalisa
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.08.2017
Elsevier Science Ltd
Schlagworte:
Advanced chronic liver disease
Ascites
Cirrhosis
Decompensation
Elasticity Imaging Techniques - methods
Elasticity Imaging Techniques - trends
Encephalopathy
Endoscopy
Esophageal and Gastric Varices - etiology
Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Humans
Hypertension
Hypertension, Portal - complications
Hypertension, Portal - diagnostic imaging
Hypertension, Portal - physiopathology
Liver - physiopathology
Liver diseases
Non-invasive
Predictive Value of Tests
Spleen
Spleen - diagnostic imaging
Spleen - physiopathology
Ultrasonic imaging
Ultrasound
Varices
Cirrhosis
Advanced chronic liver disease
Varices
Non-invasive
Decompensation
ISSN:0168-8278, 1600-0641, 1600-0641
Online-Zugang:Volltext
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Beschreibung
Zusammenfassung:Portal hypertension (PH) leads to serious complications, such as bleeding from gastroesophageal varices, ascites and portosystemic encephalopathy in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD). Gold standard methods for assessing PH and its complications include the measurement of hepatic venous pressure gradient and endoscopy; however, these are invasive, expensive and not available at all centres. Therefore, non-invasive alternatives have been the subject of extensive investigation over the last 20years. The present review focuses on the role of ultrasound elastography - a novel group of non-invasive techniques used to measure stiffness in target organs. In the context of CLD these methods are used to identify the presence of PH, its severity, and the risk of PH-related complications. The rationale, accumulated evidence, advantages and limitations of liver and spleen stiffness measurements evaluated by different ultrasound elastography techniques in patients with advanced CLD is discussed. Recent data regarding the use of ultrasound elastography techniques in patients with non-cirrhotic forms of PH are also described.
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ISSN:0168-8278
1600-0641
1600-0641
DOI:10.1016/j.jhep.2017.02.003