Blood and body fluid exposure risks among health care workers: Results from the Duke Health and Safety Surveillance System

Background Health care workers (HCWs) are at risk of exposures to human blood and body fluids (BBF). Needlestick injuries and splashes place HCWs at risk for numerous blood‐borne infections including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B (HBV), and hepatitis C (HCV). Utilizing a new compre...

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Vydané v:	American journal of industrial medicine Ročník 46; číslo 6; s. 637 - 648
Hlavní autori:	Dement, John M., Epling, Carol, Østbye, Truls, Pompeii, Lisa A., Hunt, Debra L.
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	Hoboken Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 01.12.2004 Wiley-Liss
Predmet:	Adult Age Distribution Biological and medical sciences blood Blood-Borne Pathogens body fluids Body Fluids - microbiology Female health care workers Health participants Health Personnel - statistics & numerical data Health Surveys Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis C virus Human immunodeficiency virus Humans Incidence Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional - prevention & control Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional - statistics & numerical data Male Medical sciences Middle Aged Multivariate Analysis needle stick Needlestick Injuries - epidemiology Occupational Exposure - analysis Occupational Exposure - statistics & numerical data Occupational Health Probability Public health. Hygiene Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine Risk Assessment surveillance Surveys and Questionnaires United States North America America needle stick Sting Hepatic disease Risk Occupational exposure Epidemiology Blood Viral hepatitis B Work safety blood-borne pathogens health care workers surveillance Sanitary surveillance Biological contamination Viral hepatitis C Human Immunopathology Health staff Retroviridae AIDS body fluids Risk analysis Immune deficiency Lentivirus Infection Virus Viral disease Digestive diseases Human immunodeficiency virus Flaviviridae Hepatitis C virus Hepacivirus Occupational medicine
ISSN:	0271-3586, 1097-0274
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Popis
Shrnutí:	Background Health care workers (HCWs) are at risk of exposures to human blood and body fluids (BBF). Needlestick injuries and splashes place HCWs at risk for numerous blood‐borne infections including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B (HBV), and hepatitis C (HCV). Utilizing a new comprehensive occupational health surveillance system, the objective of this research was to better define the BBF exposure risk and risk factors among employees of a large tertiary medical center. Methods A population of 24,425 HCWs employed in jobs with potential BBF exposures was followed for BBF exposure events from 1998 to 2002. BBF exposure rates were calculated for strata defined by age, race, gender, occupation, work location, and duration of employment. Poisson regression was used for detailed analyses of risk factors for BBF exposure. Results The study population reported 2,730 BBF exposures during the study period, resulting in an overall annual rate of 5.5 events/100 FTEs and a rate of 3.9 for percutaneous exposures. Higher rates were observed for males, persons employed less than 4 years, Hispanic employees, and persons less than 45 years of age. Much higher rates were observed for house staff, nurse anesthetists, inpatient nurses, phlebotomists, and surgical/operating room technicians. Poisson regression results strengthened and extended results from stratified analyses. Rates of percutaneous exposures from hollow needles were found to decrease over the study period; however, exposure rates from suture needles appear to be increasing. Conclusion While continued training efforts need to be directed toward new HCWs, our data also suggest that employees who have been in their job 1–4 years continue to be at higher risk of BBF exposures. This research also points to the need for better safety devices/products and work practices to reduce suture‐related injuries. Am. J. Ind. Med. 46:637–648, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Bibliografia:	National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health - No. 5 R01 OH003979-03 istex:AED9C0C6B6A61BF5A3FB5CD2AFB7C58483153B06 ark:/67375/WNG-VP36KSW8-5 ArticleID:AJIM20106 ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23
ISSN:	0271-3586 1097-0274
DOI:	10.1002/ajim.20106