Reproductive biology of the Caribbean brooding octocoral Antillogorgia hystrix

The reproductive biology of the Caribbean gorgonian Antillogorgia hystrix was studied in the shallow-water reefs of Cross Harbour, Great Abaco (The Bahamas) from 2009 to 2010. Antillogorgia hystrix is an internal brooder that reproduces annually. The population at Cross Harbour was gonochoric and th...

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Published in:	Invertebrate biology Vol. 133; no. 4; pp. 299 - 313
Main Authors:	Coelho, Márcio A.G., Lasker, Howard R.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Hoboken Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.12.2014 Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
Subjects:	Aquariums Bahamas Broadcasting Caribbean Coral reefs Corals embryogenesis Embryonic growth stage evolution Fecundity Gametes genus Gorgonacea gorgonian Hystrix invertebrates Larvae Larval development life history Miozoa Octocorallia Oocytes oogenesis reproductive mode Sex ratio Sexual reproduction sexual system Shallow water spermatogenesis symbionts sympatry Caribbean area ASW, Caribbean Sea, Bahamas Caribbean Bahamas
ISSN:	1077-8306, 1744-7410
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Abstract	The reproductive biology of the Caribbean gorgonian Antillogorgia hystrix was studied in the shallow-water reefs of Cross Harbour, Great Abaco (The Bahamas) from 2009 to 2010. Antillogorgia hystrix is an internal brooder that reproduces annually. The population at Cross Harbour was gonochoric and the sex ratio was skewed toward females (∼3:1). Oogenesis precedes spermatogenesis by several months, and lasts at least 9 months, with oocytes >100 μm in diameter first becoming visible in dissections of samples from February; mature oocytes are present in late October–November. The size of mature oocytes (400–900 μm in diameter) was greater than that of the spermaries, which were rarely larger than 400 μm. Brooded planulae were observed in polyps from early November to mid-December, and planula release was observed in aquaria in December 2009, which suggests that planulation occurs continuously over this period. Planulae of A. hystrix contained dinoflagellate symbionts, presumably acquired during embryogenesis and/or by mature planulae while they were in the gastrovascular cavity of the polyp. Brooding is an uncommon reproductive strategy among Caribbean gorgonians and this is the first report of internal brooding in the genus Antillogorgia. The genus contains a number of sympatric species with different modes of reproduction, and knowledge of their reproductive biology is critical to understand their ecology and evolution.
AbstractList	The reproductive biology of the Caribbean gorgonian Antillogorgia hystrix was studied in the shallow-water reefs of Cross Harbour, Great Abaco (The Bahamas) from 2009 to 2010. Antillogorgia hystrix is an internal brooder that reproduces annually. The population at Cross Harbour was gonochoric and the sex ratio was skewed toward females (~3:1). Oogenesis precedes spermatogenesis by several months, and lasts at least 9 months, with oocytes >100 µm in diameter first becoming visible in dissections of samples from February; mature oocytes are present in late October-November. The size of mature oocytes (400-900 µm in diameter) was greater than that of the spermaries, which were rarely larger than 400 µm. Brooded planulae were observed in polyps from early November to mid-December, and planula release was observed in aquaria in December 2009, which suggests that planulation occurs continuously over this period. Planulae of A. hystrix contained dinoflagellate symbionts, presumably acquired during embryogenesis and/or by mature planulae while they were in the gastrovascular cavity of the polyp. Brooding is an uncommon reproductive strategy among Caribbean gorgonians and this is the first report of internal brooding in the genus Antillogorgia. The genus contains a number of sympatric species with different modes of reproduction, and knowledge of their reproductive biology is critical to understand their ecology and evolution. The reproductive biology of the Caribbean gorgonian Antillogorgia hystrix was studied in the shallow‐water reefs of Cross Harbour, Great Abaco (The Bahamas) from 2009 to 2010. Antillogorgia hystrix is an internal brooder that reproduces annually. The population at Cross Harbour was gonochoric and the sex ratio was skewed toward females (~3:1). Oogenesis precedes spermatogenesis by several months, and lasts at least 9 months, with oocytes >100 μm in diameter first becoming visible in dissections of samples from February; mature oocytes are present in late October–November. The size of mature oocytes (400–900 μm in diameter) was greater than that of the spermaries, which were rarely larger than 400 μm. Brooded planulae were observed in polyps from early November to mid‐December, and planula release was observed in aquaria in December 2009, which suggests that planulation occurs continuously over this period. Planulae of A. hystrix contained dinoflagellate symbionts, presumably acquired during embryogenesis and/or by mature planulae while they were in the gastrovascular cavity of the polyp. Brooding is an uncommon reproductive strategy among Caribbean gorgonians and this is the first report of internal brooding in the genus Antillogorgia. The genus contains a number of sympatric species with different modes of reproduction, and knowledge of their reproductive biology is critical to understand their ecology and evolution. The reproductive biology of the Caribbean gorgonian Antillogorgia hystrix was studied in the shallow-water reefs of Cross Harbour, Great Abaco (The Bahamas) from 2009 to 2010. Antillogorgia hystrix is an internal brooder that reproduces annually. The population at Cross Harbour was gonochoric and the sex ratio was skewed toward females (∼3:1). Oogenesis precedes spermatogenesis by several months, and lasts at least 9 months, with oocytes >100 µm in diameter first becoming visible in dissections of samples from February; mature oocytes are present in late October–November. The size of mature oocytes (400–900 µm in diameter) was greater than that of the spermaries, which were rarely larger than 400 µm. Brooded planulae were observed in polyps from early November to mid-December, and planula release was observed in aquaria in December 2009, which suggests that planulation occurs continuously over this period. Planulae of A. hystrix contained dinoflagellate symbionts, presumably acquired during embryogenesis and/or by mature planulae while they were in the gastrovascular cavity of the polyp. Brooding is an uncommon reproductive strategy among Caribbean gorgonians and this is the first report of internal brooding in the genus Antillogorgia. The genus contains a number of sympatric species with different modes of reproduction, and knowledge of their reproductive biology is critical to understand their ecology and evolution. The reproductive biology of the Caribbean gorgonian Antillogorgia hystrix was studied in the shallow-water reefs of Cross Harbour, Great Abaco (The Bahamas) from 2009 to 2010. Antillogorgia hystrix is an internal brooder that reproduces annually. The population at Cross Harbour was gonochoric and the sex ratio was skewed toward females (∼3:1). Oogenesis precedes spermatogenesis by several months, and lasts at least 9 months, with oocytes >100 μm in diameter first becoming visible in dissections of samples from February; mature oocytes are present in late October–November. The size of mature oocytes (400–900 μm in diameter) was greater than that of the spermaries, which were rarely larger than 400 μm. Brooded planulae were observed in polyps from early November to mid-December, and planula release was observed in aquaria in December 2009, which suggests that planulation occurs continuously over this period. Planulae of A. hystrix contained dinoflagellate symbionts, presumably acquired during embryogenesis and/or by mature planulae while they were in the gastrovascular cavity of the polyp. Brooding is an uncommon reproductive strategy among Caribbean gorgonians and this is the first report of internal brooding in the genus Antillogorgia. The genus contains a number of sympatric species with different modes of reproduction, and knowledge of their reproductive biology is critical to understand their ecology and evolution. The reproductive biology of the Caribbean gorgonian Antillogorgia hystrix was studied in the shallow‐water reefs of Cross Harbour, Great Abaco (The Bahamas) from 2009 to 2010. Antillogorgia hystrix is an internal brooder that reproduces annually. The population at Cross Harbour was gonochoric and the sex ratio was skewed toward females (~3:1). Oogenesis precedes spermatogenesis by several months, and lasts at least 9 months, with oocytes >100 μm in diameter first becoming visible in dissections of samples from February; mature oocytes are present in late October–November. The size of mature oocytes (400–900 μm in diameter) was greater than that of the spermaries, which were rarely larger than 400 μm. Brooded planulae were observed in polyps from early November to mid‐December, and planula release was observed in aquaria in December 2009, which suggests that planulation occurs continuously over this period. Planulae of A. hystrix contained dinoflagellate symbionts, presumably acquired during embryogenesis and/or by mature planulae while they were in the gastrovascular cavity of the polyp. Brooding is an uncommon reproductive strategy among Caribbean gorgonians and this is the first report of internal brooding in the genus Antillogorgia . The genus contains a number of sympatric species with different modes of reproduction, and knowledge of their reproductive biology is critical to understand their ecology and evolution. The reproductive biology of the Caribbean gorgonian Antillogorgia hystrix was studied in the shallow-water reefs of Cross Harbour, Great Abaco (The Bahamas) from 2009 to 2010. Antillogorgia hystrix is an internal brooder that reproduces annually. The population at Cross Harbour was gonochoric and the sex ratio was skewed toward females (~3:1). Oogenesis precedes spermatogenesis by several months, and lasts at least 9 months, with oocytes >100 mu m in diameter first becoming visible in dissections of samples from February; mature oocytes are present in late October-November. The size of mature oocytes (400-900 mu m in diameter) was greater than that of the spermaries, which were rarely larger than 400 mu m. Brooded planulae were observed in polyps from early November to mid-December, and planula release was observed in aquaria in December 2009, which suggests that planulation occurs continuously over this period. Planulae of A. hystrix contained dinoflagellate symbionts, presumably acquired during embryogenesis and/or by mature planulae while they were in the gastrovascular cavity of the polyp. Brooding is an uncommon reproductive strategy among Caribbean gorgonians and this is the first report of internal brooding in the genus Antillogorgia. The genus contains a number of sympatric species with different modes of reproduction, and knowledge of their reproductive biology is critical to understand their ecology and evolution.
Author	Coelho, Márcio A.G. Lasker, Howard R.
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Snippet	The reproductive biology of the Caribbean gorgonian Antillogorgia hystrix was studied in the shallow-water reefs of Cross Harbour, Great Abaco (The Bahamas)... The reproductive biology of the Caribbean gorgonian Antillogorgia hystrix was studied in the shallow‐water reefs of Cross Harbour, Great Abaco (The Bahamas)... The reproductive biology of the Caribbean gorgonian Antillogorgia hystrix was studied in the shallow‐water reefs of Cross Harbour, Great Abaco (The Bahamas)...
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SubjectTerms	Aquariums Bahamas Broadcasting Caribbean Coral reefs Corals embryogenesis Embryonic growth stage evolution Fecundity Gametes genus Gorgonacea gorgonian Hystrix invertebrates Larvae Larval development life history Miozoa Octocorallia Oocytes oogenesis reproductive mode Sex ratio Sexual reproduction sexual system Shallow water spermatogenesis symbionts sympatry
Title	Reproductive biology of the Caribbean brooding octocoral Antillogorgia hystrix
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