Pattern recognition receptors and signaling in plant–microbe interactions

Summary Plants solely rely on innate immunity of each individual cell to deal with a diversity of microbes in the environment. Extracellular recognition of microbe‐ and host damage‐associated molecular patterns leads to the first layer of inducible defenses, termed pattern‐triggered immunity (PTI)....

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Veröffentlicht in:	The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology Jg. 93; H. 4; S. 592 - 613
Hauptverfasser:	Saijo, Yusuke, Loo, Eliza Po‐iian, Yasuda, Shigetaka
Format:	Journal Article
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	England Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.02.2018
Schlagworte:	Biological evolution Colonization Commensals convergent evolution Damage detection Damage patterns damage‐associated molecular patterns Disease Resistance Host-Pathogen Interactions Immunity Innate immunity Intracellular signalling inventories Kinases microbe‐associated molecular patterns Microorganisms Oomycetes - pathogenicity Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern Molecules - metabolism Pathogens Pattern recognition Pattern recognition receptors phosphotransferases (kinases) Plant Diseases - immunology Plant Diseases - microbiology plant immunity Plant Immunity - physiology plant–microbe interactions plasticity Proteins Receptors Receptors, Pattern Recognition receptor‐like kinase receptor‐like protein Regulatory mechanisms (biology) Signal Transduction signaling Symbionts Variation pattern recognition receptors plant-microbe interactions receptor-like kinase signaling damage-associated molecular patterns receptor-like protein plant immunity microbe-associated molecular patterns
ISSN:	0960-7412, 1365-313X, 1365-313X
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Zusammenfassung:	Summary Plants solely rely on innate immunity of each individual cell to deal with a diversity of microbes in the environment. Extracellular recognition of microbe‐ and host damage‐associated molecular patterns leads to the first layer of inducible defenses, termed pattern‐triggered immunity (PTI). In plants, pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) described to date are all membrane‐associated receptor‐like kinases or receptor‐like proteins, reflecting the prevalence of apoplastic colonization of plant‐infecting microbes. An increasing inventory of elicitor‐active patterns and PRRs indicates that a large number of them are limited to a certain range of plant groups/species, pointing to dynamic and convergent evolution of pattern recognition specificities. In addition to common molecular principles of PRR signaling, recent studies have revealed substantial diversification between PRRs in their functions and regulatory mechanisms. This serves to confer robustness and plasticity to the whole PTI system in natural infections, wherein different PRRs are simultaneously engaged and faced with microbial assaults. We review the functional significance and molecular basis of PRR‐mediated pathogen recognition and disease resistance, and also an emerging role for PRRs in homeostatic association with beneficial or commensal microbes. Significance Statement In plants, pattern recognition receptors detect microbe‐associated and host damage‐associated molecular patterns in the extracellular spaces, and thereby trigger intracellular signaling that culminates in an enhanced state of immunity. An increasing inventory of elicitor‐active patterns and their receptors helps us to learn the molecular principles with which plants recognize and deal with a rich diversity of infectious microorganisms, ranging from pathogens, symbionts and commensals, in fluctuating environments.
Bibliographie:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 ObjectType-Review-3 content type line 23
ISSN:	0960-7412 1365-313X 1365-313X
DOI:	10.1111/tpj.13808