The role of seasonal timing and phenological shifts for species coexistence

Shifts in the phenologies of coexistence species are altering the temporal structure of natural communities worldwide. However, predicting how these changes affect the structure and long‐term dynamics of natural communities is challenging because phenology and coexistence theory have largely proceed...

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Veröffentlicht in:Ecology letters Jg. 22; H. 8; S. 1324 - 1338
Hauptverfasser: Rudolf, Volker H. W., Levine, Jonathan
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: England Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.08.2019
Schlagworte:
Biodiversity
Climate Change
Coexistence
Communities
community dynamics
competition
Herbivores
mismatch
Phenology
prediction
priority effect
seasonal variation
Seasons
Species
seasonal variation
Climate change
priority effect
coexistence
community dynamics
mismatch
phenology
competition
ISSN:1461-023X, 1461-0248, 1461-0248
Online-Zugang:Volltext
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Zusammenfassung:Shifts in the phenologies of coexistence species are altering the temporal structure of natural communities worldwide. However, predicting how these changes affect the structure and long‐term dynamics of natural communities is challenging because phenology and coexistence theory have largely proceeded independently. Here, I propose a conceptual framework that incorporates seasonal timing of species interactions into a well‐studied competition model to examine how changes in phenologies influence long‐term dynamics of natural communities. Using this framework I demonstrate that persistence and coexistence conditions strongly depend on the difference in species’ mean phenologies and how this difference varies across years. Consequently, shifts in mean and interannual variation in relative phenologies of species can fundamentally alter the outcome of interactions and the potential for persistence and coexistence of competing species. These effects can be predicted by how per‐capita effects scale with differences in species’ phenologies. I outline how this approach can be parameterized with empirical systems and discuss how it fits within the context of current coexistence theory. Overall, this synthesis reveals that phenology of species interactions can play a crucial yet currently understudied role in driving coexistence and biodiversity patterns in natural systems and determine how species will respond to future climate change.
Bibliographie:No new data was used.
Data Availability Statement
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ISSN:1461-023X
1461-0248
1461-0248
DOI:10.1111/ele.13277