The 1958 Lituya Bay tsunami – pre-event bathymetry reconstruction and 3D numerical modelling utilising the computational fluid dynamics software Flow-3D

This study aims to test the capacity of Flow-3D regarding the simulation of a rockslide-generated impulse wave by evaluating the influences of the extent of the computational domain, the grid resolution, and the corresponding computation times on the accuracy of modelling results. A detailed analysi...

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Veröffentlicht in:Natural hazards and earth system sciences Jg. 20; H. 8; S. 2255 - 2279
Hauptverfasser: Franco, Andrea, Moernaut, Jasper, Schneider-Muntau, Barbara, Strasser, Michael, Gems, Bernhard
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Katlenburg-Lindau Copernicus GmbH 18.08.2020
Copernicus Publications
Schlagworte:
Bathymeters
Bathymetry
Chemical analysis
Comparative analysis
Computation
Computational fluid dynamics
Computer applications
Computer simulation
Earthquakes
Engineering software
Finite element method
Flow (Dynamics)
Fluid dynamics
Fluid flow
Hydrodynamics
Impact velocity
Landslides & mudslides
Model accuracy
Modelling
Propagation
Reflected waves
Resolution
Rockslides
Roughness
Seawater
Software
Three dimensional flow
Three dimensional models
Topography
Tsunamis
Water analysis
Wave propagation
Lituya Bay
Italy
Alaska
United States > US
ISSN:1684-9981, 1561-8633, 1684-9981
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Zusammenfassung:This study aims to test the capacity of Flow-3D regarding the simulation of a rockslide-generated impulse wave by evaluating the influences of the extent of the computational domain, the grid resolution, and the corresponding computation times on the accuracy of modelling results. A detailed analysis of the Lituya Bay tsunami event (1958, Alaska, maximum recorded run-up of 524 m a.s.l.) is presented. A focus is put on the tsunami formation and run-up in the impact area. Several simulations with a simplified bay geometry are performed in order to test the concept of a “denser fluid”, compared to the seawater in the bay, for the impacting rockslide material. Further, topographic and bathymetric surfaces of the impact area are set up. The observed maximum run-up can be reproduced using a uniform grid resolution of 5 m, where the wave overtops the hill crest facing the slide source and then flows diagonally down the slope. The model is extended along the entire bay to simulate the wave propagation. The tsunami trimline is well recreated when using (a) a uniform mesh size of 20 m or (b) a non-uniform mesh size of 15 m × 15 m × 10 m with a relative roughness of 2 m for the topographic surface. The trimline mainly results from the primary wave, and in some locations it also results from reflected waves. The denser fluid is a suitable and simple concept to recreate a sliding mass impacting a waterbody, in this case with maximum impact speed of ∼93 m s−1. The tsunami event and the related trimline are well reproduced using the 3D modelling approach with the density evaluation model available in Flow-3D.
Bibliographie:ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
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ISSN:1684-9981
1561-8633
1684-9981
DOI:10.5194/nhess-20-2255-2020