Antiretroviral Preexposure Prophylaxis for Heterosexual HIV Transmission in Botswana

In this study, 1219 HIV-uninfected, heterosexual adults in Botswana were randomly assigned to tenofovir–emtricitabine (TDF–FTC) or placebo. The TDF–FTC group had a lower incidence of HIV infection but increased rates of side effects, including a significant loss of bone density. Biomedical strategie...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The New England journal of medicine Vol. 367; no. 5; pp. 423 - 434
Main Authors: Thigpen, Michael C, Kebaabetswe, Poloko M, Paxton, Lynn A, Smith, Dawn K, Rose, Charles E, Segolodi, Tebogo M, Henderson, Faith L, Pathak, Sonal R, Soud, Fatma A, Chillag, Kata L, Mutanhaurwa, Rodreck, Chirwa, Lovemore Ian, Kasonde, Michael, Abebe, Daniel, Buliva, Evans, Gvetadze, Roman J, Johnson, Sandra, Sukalac, Thom, Thomas, Vasavi T, Hart, Clyde, Johnson, Jeffrey A, Malotte, C. Kevin, Hendrix, Craig W, Brooks, John T
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Waltham, MA Massachusetts Medical Society 02.08.2012
Subjects:
Adenine - adverse effects
Adenine - analogs & derivatives
Adenine - therapeutic use
Adolescent
Adult
Anti-Retroviral Agents - adverse effects
Anti-Retroviral Agents - therapeutic use
Antibiotics. Antiinfectious agents. Antiparasitic agents
Antiretroviral agents
Antiretroviral drugs
Antiviral agents
Biological and medical sciences
Bone Density - drug effects
Bone mineral density
Contraception Behavior - statistics & numerical data
Deoxycytidine - adverse effects
Deoxycytidine - analogs & derivatives
Deoxycytidine - therapeutic use
Disease transmission
Drug Resistance, Viral
Drug Therapy, Combination
Emtricitabine
Female
Gays & lesbians
General aspects
HIV
HIV Infections - prevention & control
HIV Seropositivity
HIV-1 - genetics
HIV-1 - isolation & purification
HIV-2 - genetics
HIV-2 - isolation & purification
Human immunodeficiency virus
Human viral diseases
Humans
Infections
Infectious diseases
Kaplan-Meier Estimate
Male
Medical research
Medical sciences
Mens health
Motivation
Nausea
Organophosphonates - adverse effects
Organophosphonates - therapeutic use
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Prophylaxis
Proportional Hazards Models
RNA, Viral - blood
Sexual Behavior - statistics & numerical data
Tenofovir
Viral diseases
Viral diseases of the lymphoid tissue and the blood. Aids
Viral Load
Vomiting
Young Adult
Botswana
Africa
Immunopathology
Antiretroviral agent
Heterosexuality
Transmission
Retroviridae
AIDS
Immune deficiency
Lentivirus
Infection
Virus
Medicine
Prevention
Preexposure
Viral disease
Antiviral
Human immunodeficiency virus
ISSN:0028-4793, 1533-4406, 1533-4406
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Summary:In this study, 1219 HIV-uninfected, heterosexual adults in Botswana were randomly assigned to tenofovir–emtricitabine (TDF–FTC) or placebo. The TDF–FTC group had a lower incidence of HIV infection but increased rates of side effects, including a significant loss of bone density. Biomedical strategies to prevent sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remain limited. 1 In animal models, preexposure prophylaxis with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) or with the combination of TDF and emtricitabine (TDF–FTC) can prevent infections with HIV or hybrid simian–human immunodeficiency virus after vaginal or rectal challenge. 2 , 3 In humans, daily preexposure prophylaxis with TDF–FTC has been shown to reduce transmission of HIV by 44% among men who have sex with men 4 ; however, the findings from studies in heterosexual populations have been mixed. 5 – 8 Botswana has the world's second highest prevalence of HIV infection, estimated in 2008 to be . . .
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ISSN:0028-4793
1533-4406
1533-4406
DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa1110711