Pathogenesis, epidemiology and control of Group A Streptococcus infection

Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A Streptococcus; GAS) is exquisitely adapted to the human host, resulting in asymptomatic infection, pharyngitis, pyoderma, scarlet fever or invasive diseases, with potential for triggering post-infection immune sequelae. GAS deploys a range of virulence determinants to...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nature reviews. Microbiology Vol. 21; no. 7; pp. 431 - 447
Main Authors: Brouwer, Stephan, Rivera-Hernandez, Tania, Curren, Bodie F, Harbison-Price, Nichaela, De Oliveira, David M P, Jespersen, Magnus G, Davies, Mark R, Walker, Mark J
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England Nature Publishing Group 01.07.2023
Subjects:
Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology
Anti-Bacterial Agents - therapeutic use
Antibiotics
Asymptomatic infection
Bacteria
Complications
Disease transmission
Drug resistance
Drug Resistance, Bacterial
Epidemiology
Humans
Immune response
Macrolides - pharmacology
Macrolides - therapeutic use
Molecular modelling
Pathogenesis
Penicillin
Penicillins - therapeutic use
Pharyngitis
Pyoderma
Scarlet fever
Streptococcal Infections - drug therapy
Streptococcal Infections - epidemiology
Streptococcal Infections - prevention & control
Streptococcus
Streptococcus infections
Streptococcus pyogenes - genetics
Vaccines
Virulence
ISSN:1740-1526, 1740-1534, 1740-1534
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A Streptococcus; GAS) is exquisitely adapted to the human host, resulting in asymptomatic infection, pharyngitis, pyoderma, scarlet fever or invasive diseases, with potential for triggering post-infection immune sequelae. GAS deploys a range of virulence determinants to allow colonization, dissemination within the host and transmission, disrupting both innate and adaptive immune responses to infection. Fluctuating global GAS epidemiology is characterized by the emergence of new GAS clones, often associated with the acquisition of new virulence or antimicrobial determinants that are better adapted to the infection niche or averting host immunity. The recent identification of clinical GAS isolates with reduced penicillin sensitivity and increasing macrolide resistance threatens both frontline and penicillin-adjunctive antibiotic treatment. The World Health Organization (WHO) has developed a GAS research and technology road map and has outlined preferred vaccine characteristics, stimulating renewed interest in the development of safe and effective GAS vaccines.
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ISSN:1740-1526
1740-1534
1740-1534
DOI:10.1038/s41579-023-00865-7