Non-coding RNAs in disease: from mechanisms to therapeutics

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a heterogeneous group of transcripts that, by definition, are not translated into proteins. Since their discovery, ncRNAs have emerged as important regulators of multiple biological functions across a range of cell types and tissues, and their dysregulation has been impl...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nature reviews. Genetics Vol. 25; no. 3; pp. 211 - 232
Main Authors: Nemeth, Kinga, Bayraktar, Recep, Ferracin, Manuela, Calin, George A
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England Nature Publishing Group 01.03.2024
Subjects:
Biomarkers
Circular RNA
Infectious diseases
MicroRNAs
miRNA
Non-coding RNA
Therapeutic targets
ISSN:1471-0056, 1471-0064, 1471-0064
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a heterogeneous group of transcripts that, by definition, are not translated into proteins. Since their discovery, ncRNAs have emerged as important regulators of multiple biological functions across a range of cell types and tissues, and their dysregulation has been implicated in disease. Notably, much research has focused on the link between microRNAs (miRNAs) and human cancers, although other ncRNAs, such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are also emerging as relevant contributors to human disease. In this Review, we summarize our current understanding of the roles of miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs in cancer and other major human diseases, notably cardiovascular, neurological and infectious diseases. Further, we discuss the potential use of ncRNAs as biomarkers of disease and as therapeutic targets.
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ISSN:1471-0056
1471-0064
1471-0064
DOI:10.1038/s41576-023-00662-1