Food Fingerprinting: LC-ESI-IM-QTOF-Based Identification of Blumeatin as a New Marker Metabolite for the Detection of Origanum majorana Admixtures to O. onites/vulgare
Oregano (Origanum vulgare and O. onites) is one of the most frequently counterfeited herbs in the world and is diluted with the leaves of a wide variety of plants. In addition to olive leaves, marjoram (O. majorana) is often used for this purpose in order to achieve a higher profit. However, apart f...
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| Published in: | Metabolites Vol. 13; no. 5; p. 673 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Abstract | Oregano (Origanum vulgare and O. onites) is one of the most frequently counterfeited herbs in the world and is diluted with the leaves of a wide variety of plants. In addition to olive leaves, marjoram (O. majorana) is often used for this purpose in order to achieve a higher profit. However, apart from arbutin, no marker metabolites are known to reliably detect marjoram admixtures in oregano batches at low concentrations. In addition, arbutin is relatively widespread in the plant kingdom, which is why it is of great relevance to look for further marker metabolites in order to secure the analysis accordingly. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to use a metabolomics-based approach to identify additional marker metabolites with the aid of an ion mobility mass spectrometry instrument. The focus of the analysis was on the detection of non-polar metabolites, as this study was preceded by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic investigations of the same samples based mainly on the detection of polar analytes. Using the MS-based approach, numerous marjoram specific features could be detected in admixtures of marjoram >10% in oregano. However, only one feature was detectable in admixtures of >5% marjoram. This feature was identified as blumeatin, which belongs to the class of flavonoid compounds. Initially, blumeatin was identified based on MS/MS spectra and collision cross section values using a database search. In addition, the identification of blumeatin was confirmed by a reference standard. Moreover, dried leaves of olive, myrtle, thyme, sage and peppermint, which are also known to be used to adulterate oregano, were measured. Blumeatin could not be detected in these plants, so this substance can be considered as an excellent marker compound for the detection of marjoram admixtures. |
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| AbstractList | Oregano (Origanum vulgare and O. onites) is one of the most frequently counterfeited herbs in the world and is diluted with the leaves of a wide variety of plants. In addition to olive leaves, marjoram (O. majorana) is often used for this purpose in order to achieve a higher profit. However, apart from arbutin, no marker metabolites are known to reliably detect marjoram admixtures in oregano batches at low concentrations. In addition, arbutin is relatively widespread in the plant kingdom, which is why it is of great relevance to look for further marker metabolites in order to secure the analysis accordingly. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to use a metabolomics-based approach to identify additional marker metabolites with the aid of an ion mobility mass spectrometry instrument. The focus of the analysis was on the detection of non-polar metabolites, as this study was preceded by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic investigations of the same samples based mainly on the detection of polar analytes. Using the MS-based approach, numerous marjoram specific features could be detected in admixtures of marjoram >10% in oregano. However, only one feature was detectable in admixtures of >5% marjoram. This feature was identified as blumeatin, which belongs to the class of flavonoid compounds. Initially, blumeatin was identified based on MS/MS spectra and collision cross section values using a database search. In addition, the identification of blumeatin was confirmed by a reference standard. Moreover, dried leaves of olive, myrtle, thyme, sage and peppermint, which are also known to be used to adulterate oregano, were measured. Blumeatin could not be detected in these plants, so this substance can be considered as an excellent marker compound for the detection of marjoram admixtures. Oregano ( and ) is one of the most frequently counterfeited herbs in the world and is diluted with the leaves of a wide variety of plants. In addition to olive leaves, marjoram ( ) is often used for this purpose in order to achieve a higher profit. However, apart from arbutin, no marker metabolites are known to reliably detect marjoram admixtures in oregano batches at low concentrations. In addition, arbutin is relatively widespread in the plant kingdom, which is why it is of great relevance to look for further marker metabolites in order to secure the analysis accordingly. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to use a metabolomics-based approach to identify additional marker metabolites with the aid of an ion mobility mass spectrometry instrument. The focus of the analysis was on the detection of non-polar metabolites, as this study was preceded by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic investigations of the same samples based mainly on the detection of polar analytes. Using the MS-based approach, numerous marjoram specific features could be detected in admixtures of marjoram >10% in oregano. However, only one feature was detectable in admixtures of >5% marjoram. This feature was identified as blumeatin, which belongs to the class of flavonoid compounds. Initially, blumeatin was identified based on MS/MS spectra and collision cross section values using a database search. In addition, the identification of blumeatin was confirmed by a reference standard. Moreover, dried leaves of olive, myrtle, thyme, sage and peppermint, which are also known to be used to adulterate oregano, were measured. Blumeatin could not be detected in these plants, so this substance can be considered as an excellent marker compound for the detection of marjoram admixtures. Oregano (Origanum vulgare and O. onites) is one of the most frequently counterfeited herbs in the world and is diluted with the leaves of a wide variety of plants. In addition to olive leaves, marjoram (O. majorana) is often used for this purpose in order to achieve a higher profit. However, apart from arbutin, no marker metabolites are known to reliably detect marjoram admixtures in oregano batches at low concentrations. In addition, arbutin is relatively widespread in the plant kingdom, which is why it is of great relevance to look for further marker metabolites in order to secure the analysis accordingly. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to use a metabolomics-based approach to identify additional marker metabolites with the aid of an ion mobility mass spectrometry instrument. The focus of the analysis was on the detection of non-polar metabolites, as this study was preceded by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic investigations of the same samples based mainly on the detection of polar analytes. Using the MS-based approach, numerous marjoram specific features could be detected in admixtures of marjoram >10% in oregano. However, only one feature was detectable in admixtures of >5% marjoram. This feature was identified as blumeatin, which belongs to the class of flavonoid compounds. Initially, blumeatin was identified based on MS/MS spectra and collision cross section values using a database search. In addition, the identification of blumeatin was confirmed by a reference standard. Moreover, dried leaves of olive, myrtle, thyme, sage and peppermint, which are also known to be used to adulterate oregano, were measured. Blumeatin could not be detected in these plants, so this substance can be considered as an excellent marker compound for the detection of marjoram admixtures.Oregano (Origanum vulgare and O. onites) is one of the most frequently counterfeited herbs in the world and is diluted with the leaves of a wide variety of plants. In addition to olive leaves, marjoram (O. majorana) is often used for this purpose in order to achieve a higher profit. However, apart from arbutin, no marker metabolites are known to reliably detect marjoram admixtures in oregano batches at low concentrations. In addition, arbutin is relatively widespread in the plant kingdom, which is why it is of great relevance to look for further marker metabolites in order to secure the analysis accordingly. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to use a metabolomics-based approach to identify additional marker metabolites with the aid of an ion mobility mass spectrometry instrument. The focus of the analysis was on the detection of non-polar metabolites, as this study was preceded by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic investigations of the same samples based mainly on the detection of polar analytes. Using the MS-based approach, numerous marjoram specific features could be detected in admixtures of marjoram >10% in oregano. However, only one feature was detectable in admixtures of >5% marjoram. This feature was identified as blumeatin, which belongs to the class of flavonoid compounds. Initially, blumeatin was identified based on MS/MS spectra and collision cross section values using a database search. In addition, the identification of blumeatin was confirmed by a reference standard. Moreover, dried leaves of olive, myrtle, thyme, sage and peppermint, which are also known to be used to adulterate oregano, were measured. Blumeatin could not be detected in these plants, so this substance can be considered as an excellent marker compound for the detection of marjoram admixtures. |
| Author | Schütze, Burkhard Fischer, Markus Dammann, Robin Günther, Ulrich L. Flügge, Friedemann Creydt, Marina |
| AuthorAffiliation | 3 Institute of Chemistry and Metabolomics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany; f.fluegge@uni-luebeck.de (F.F.); ulrich.guenther@uni-luebeck.de (U.L.G.) 2 Cluster of Excellence, Understanding Written Artefacts, University of Hamburg, Warburgstraße 26, 20354 Hamburg, Germany 1 Institute of Food Chemistry, Hamburg School of Food Science, University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany; robin.dammann@uni-hamburg.de 4 LADR GmbH Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum Dr. Kramer & Kollegen, Lauenburger Straße 67, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany; b.schuetze@ladr.de |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 4 LADR GmbH Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum Dr. Kramer & Kollegen, Lauenburger Straße 67, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany; b.schuetze@ladr.de – name: 1 Institute of Food Chemistry, Hamburg School of Food Science, University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany; robin.dammann@uni-hamburg.de – name: 3 Institute of Chemistry and Metabolomics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany; f.fluegge@uni-luebeck.de (F.F.); ulrich.guenther@uni-luebeck.de (U.L.G.) – name: 2 Cluster of Excellence, Understanding Written Artefacts, University of Hamburg, Warburgstraße 26, 20354 Hamburg, Germany |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Marina orcidid: 0000-0002-2868-2838 surname: Creydt fullname: Creydt, Marina – sequence: 2 givenname: Friedemann surname: Flügge fullname: Flügge, Friedemann – sequence: 3 givenname: Robin surname: Dammann fullname: Dammann, Robin – sequence: 4 givenname: Burkhard surname: Schütze fullname: Schütze, Burkhard – sequence: 5 givenname: Ulrich L. orcidid: 0000-0001-9840-5943 surname: Günther fullname: Günther, Ulrich L. – sequence: 6 givenname: Markus surname: Fischer fullname: Fischer, Markus |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122116 10.1002/bies.201700210 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.08.050 10.1021/es5002105 10.1038/s41467-020-18171-8 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108141 10.3390/d10030098 10.1002/jsfa.7155 10.1016/j.foodchem.2004.01.041 10.1023/A:1010933404324 10.3389/fpls.2021.665618 10.1002/elps.201500352 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b05791 10.1007/s11306-016-1030-9 10.3390/molecules27248786 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.109497 10.1007/978-1-0716-0030-6_3 10.3390/foods10092160 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.06.083 10.1139/y59-099 10.1039/D2MO00088A 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111962 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.05.004 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b06037 10.1039/C5AN02062J 10.1002/(SICI)1099-0690(199804)1998:4<661::AID-EJOC661>3.0.CO;2-V 10.1111/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x 10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.12.028 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108058 10.1002/elps.202200126 |
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| Keywords | mass spectrometry food fraud marjoram metabolomics oregano |
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| Snippet | Oregano (Origanum vulgare and O. onites) is one of the most frequently counterfeited herbs in the world and is diluted with the leaves of a wide variety of... Oregano ( and ) is one of the most frequently counterfeited herbs in the world and is diluted with the leaves of a wide variety of plants. In addition to olive... |
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| SubjectTerms | Chromatography Fingerprinting Flavonoids Food food fraud Herbs Ions Leaves Magnetic resonance spectroscopy marjoram Mass spectrometry Mass spectroscopy Metabolites Metabolomics NMR Nuclear magnetic resonance oregano Scientific imaging |
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| Title | Food Fingerprinting: LC-ESI-IM-QTOF-Based Identification of Blumeatin as a New Marker Metabolite for the Detection of Origanum majorana Admixtures to O. onites/vulgare |
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