Vitamin D Sources, Metabolism, and Deficiency: Available Compounds and Guidelines for Its Treatment

Studies on vitamin/hormone D deficiency have received a vast amount of attention in recent years, particularly concerning recommendations, guidelines, and treatments. Moreover, vitamin D’s role as a hormone has been confirmed in various enzymatic, metabolic, physiological, and pathophysiological pro...

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Published in:Metabolites Vol. 11; no. 4; p. 255
Main Authors: Dominguez, Ligia J., Farruggia, Mario, Veronese, Nicola, Barbagallo, Mario
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 20.04.2021
MDPI
Subjects:
bone
calcifediol
calcitriol
cholecalciferol
Dietary supplements
Food fortification
Food sources
fracture
Fractures
Metabolism
Metabolites
Muscles
Older people
Review
Skin
Sun
Sunburn & sun tanning
Ultraviolet radiation
Vitamin D
Vitamin deficiency
Winter
calcitriol
calcifediol
vitamin D
cholecalciferol
bone
osteoporosis
fracture
ISSN:2218-1989, 2218-1989
Online Access:Get full text
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Abstract Studies on vitamin/hormone D deficiency have received a vast amount of attention in recent years, particularly concerning recommendations, guidelines, and treatments. Moreover, vitamin D’s role as a hormone has been confirmed in various enzymatic, metabolic, physiological, and pathophysiological processes related to many organs and systems in the human body. This growing interest is mostly due to the evidence that modest-to-severe vitamin D deficiency is widely prevalent around the world. There is broad agreement that optimal vitamin D status is necessary for bones, muscles, and one’s general health, as well as for the efficacy of antiresorptive and anabolic bone-forming treatments. Food supplementation with vitamin D, or the use of vitamin D supplements, are current strategies to improve vitamin D levels and treat deficiency. This article reviews consolidated and emerging concepts about vitamin D/hormone D metabolism, food sources, deficiency, as well as the different vitamin D supplements available, and current recommendations on the proper use of these compounds.
AbstractList Studies on vitamin/hormone D deficiency have received a vast amount of attention in recent years, particularly concerning recommendations, guidelines, and treatments. Moreover, vitamin D’s role as a hormone has been confirmed in various enzymatic, metabolic, physiological, and pathophysiological processes related to many organs and systems in the human body. This growing interest is mostly due to the evidence that modest-to-severe vitamin D deficiency is widely prevalent around the world. There is broad agreement that optimal vitamin D status is necessary for bones, muscles, and one’s general health, as well as for the efficacy of antiresorptive and anabolic bone-forming treatments. Food supplementation with vitamin D, or the use of vitamin D supplements, are current strategies to improve vitamin D levels and treat deficiency. This article reviews consolidated and emerging concepts about vitamin D/hormone D metabolism, food sources, deficiency, as well as the different vitamin D supplements available, and current recommendations on the proper use of these compounds.
Studies on vitamin/hormone D deficiency have received a vast amount of attention in recent years, particularly concerning recommendations, guidelines, and treatments. Moreover, vitamin D's role as a hormone has been confirmed in various enzymatic, metabolic, physiological, and pathophysiological processes related to many organs and systems in the human body. This growing interest is mostly due to the evidence that modest-to-severe vitamin D deficiency is widely prevalent around the world. There is broad agreement that optimal vitamin D status is necessary for bones, muscles, and one's general health, as well as for the efficacy of antiresorptive and anabolic bone-forming treatments. Food supplementation with vitamin D, or the use of vitamin D supplements, are current strategies to improve vitamin D levels and treat deficiency. This article reviews consolidated and emerging concepts about vitamin D/hormone D metabolism, food sources, deficiency, as well as the different vitamin D supplements available, and current recommendations on the proper use of these compounds.Studies on vitamin/hormone D deficiency have received a vast amount of attention in recent years, particularly concerning recommendations, guidelines, and treatments. Moreover, vitamin D's role as a hormone has been confirmed in various enzymatic, metabolic, physiological, and pathophysiological processes related to many organs and systems in the human body. This growing interest is mostly due to the evidence that modest-to-severe vitamin D deficiency is widely prevalent around the world. There is broad agreement that optimal vitamin D status is necessary for bones, muscles, and one's general health, as well as for the efficacy of antiresorptive and anabolic bone-forming treatments. Food supplementation with vitamin D, or the use of vitamin D supplements, are current strategies to improve vitamin D levels and treat deficiency. This article reviews consolidated and emerging concepts about vitamin D/hormone D metabolism, food sources, deficiency, as well as the different vitamin D supplements available, and current recommendations on the proper use of these compounds.
Author Dominguez, Ligia J.
Veronese, Nicola
Farruggia, Mario
Barbagallo, Mario
AuthorAffiliation Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 141, 90127 Palermo, Italy; mario.f.med@gmail.com (M.F.); nicola.veronese@unipa.it (N.V.); mario.barbagallo@unipa.it (M.B.)
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 141, 90127 Palermo, Italy; mario.f.med@gmail.com (M.F.); nicola.veronese@unipa.it (N.V.); mario.barbagallo@unipa.it (M.B.)
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Ligia J.
  surname: Dominguez
  fullname: Dominguez, Ligia J.
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Mario
  surname: Farruggia
  fullname: Farruggia, Mario
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Nicola
  surname: Veronese
  fullname: Veronese, Nicola
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Mario
  orcidid: 0000-0002-1349-6530
  surname: Barbagallo
  fullname: Barbagallo, Mario
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33924215$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Copyright_xml – notice: 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
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Issue 4
Keywords calcitriol
calcifediol
vitamin D
cholecalciferol
bone
osteoporosis
fracture
Language English
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Snippet Studies on vitamin/hormone D deficiency have received a vast amount of attention in recent years, particularly concerning recommendations, guidelines, and...
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SubjectTerms bone
calcifediol
calcitriol
cholecalciferol
Dietary supplements
Food fortification
Food sources
fracture
Fractures
Metabolism
Metabolites
Muscles
Older people
Review
Skin
Sun
Sunburn & sun tanning
Ultraviolet radiation
Vitamin D
Vitamin deficiency
Winter
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Title Vitamin D Sources, Metabolism, and Deficiency: Available Compounds and Guidelines for Its Treatment
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Volume 11
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