The Mechanism of Plasma Destruction of Enalapril and Related Metabolites in Water

A pulsed dielectric barrier discharge was used for the decomposition of enalapril, its metabolite, enalaprilat, its degradation by‐product, diketopiperazine, as well as their combination, in aqueous solution. The discharge was generated at the interface between gas and the solution which flows as a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Plasma processes and polymers Vol. 10; no. 5; pp. 459 - 468
Main Authors: Magureanu, Monica, Dobrin, Daniela, Mandache, Nicolae Bogdan, Bradu, Corina, Medvedovici, Andrei, Parvulescu, Vasile I.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Weinheim WILEY-VCH Verlag 01.05.2013
WILEY‐VCH Verlag
Wiley-VCH
Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
Subjects:
Applied sciences
Aqueous solutions
Byproducts
Crack opening displacement
Degradation
dielectric barrier discharge
Electrodes
enalapril degradation mechanism
Evolution
Exact sciences and technology
General purification processes
Metabolites
Mineralization
non-thermal plasma
pharmaceuticals degradation in water
Plasma
Pollution
Temporal logic
Wastewaters
Water treatment and pollution
Drug
Water treatment
Emerging contaminant
Dielectric barrier discharge
Plasma reactor
Metabolite
Plasma assisted processing
Non thermal plasma
Non equilibrium plasma
Cold plasma
Enalapril
enalapril degradation mechanism
pharmaceuticals degradation in water
Antihypertensive agent
Physicochemical purification
Waste water purification
Degradation product
non-thermal plasma
Organic compounds
ISSN:1612-8850, 1612-8869
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:A pulsed dielectric barrier discharge was used for the decomposition of enalapril, its metabolite, enalaprilat, its degradation by‐product, diketopiperazine, as well as their combination, in aqueous solution. The discharge was generated at the interface between gas and the solution which flows as a film on the surface of the inner electrode of the plasma reactor. The degradation mechanism of the studied compounds and the temporal evolution of the reaction intermediates were established from LC–MS analysis. A wide variety of degradation by‐products were formed; at least six new derivatives, not mentioned in literature, were observed. However, most of these by‐products were subsequently degraded to small molecules. The mineralization degree, determined from TOC and COD measurements, was approximately 40%. Non‐thermal plasma in contact with water was tested for the oxidative degradation of enalapril, enalaprilat, diketopiperazine, and their combination. The reaction intermediates were identified and their temporal evolution was followed. Based on the results, degradation pathways of these pharmaceuticals were proposed. The mineralization degree was over 40% and the residual organic matter is composed mainly of small molecules in an advanced oxidation state.
Bibliography:istex:2FB86B60982A1C24D93A2D9E82F55E10B8856EB0
Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research, CNCS - UEFISCDI - No. PN-II-RU-TE-2011-3-0015
ArticleID:PPAP201200146
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ISSN:1612-8850
1612-8869
DOI:10.1002/ppap.201200146