The smart intuitor: Cognitive capacity predicts intuitive rather than deliberate thinking

Cognitive capacity is commonly assumed to predict performance in classic reasoning tasks because people higher in cognitive capacity are believed to be better at deliberately correcting biasing erroneous intuitions. However, recent findings suggest that there can also be a positive correlation betwe...

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Veröffentlicht in:Cognition Jg. 204; S. 104381
Hauptverfasser: Raoelison, Matthieu, Thompson, Valerie A., De Neys, Wim
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.11.2020
Elsevier Science Ltd
Elsevier
Schlagworte:
Cognition
Cognition & reasoning
Cognitive ability
Cognitive capacity
Cognitive load
Cognitive science
Decision-making
Dual process theory
Heuristics & Biases
Intuition
Pressure
Reasoning
Task performance
Decision-making
Heuristics & Biases
Reasoning
Dual process theory
Cognitive capacity
Heuristics & biases
Dual-process theory
ISSN:0010-0277, 1873-7838, 1873-7838
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Zusammenfassung:Cognitive capacity is commonly assumed to predict performance in classic reasoning tasks because people higher in cognitive capacity are believed to be better at deliberately correcting biasing erroneous intuitions. However, recent findings suggest that there can also be a positive correlation between cognitive capacity and correct intuitive thinking. Here we present results from 2 studies that directly contrasted whether cognitive capacity is more predictive of having correct intuitions or successful deliberate correction of an incorrect intuition. We used a two-response paradigm in which people were required to give a fast intuitive response under time pressure and cognitive load and afterwards were given the time to deliberate. We used a direction-of change analysis to check whether correct responses were generated intuitively or whether they resulted from deliberate correction (i.e., an initial incorrect-to-correct final response change). Results showed that although cognitive capacity was associated with the correction tendency (overall r = 0.22) it primarily predicted correct intuitive responding (overall r = 0.44). These findings force us to rethink the nature of sound reasoning and the role of cognitive capacity in reasoning. Rather than being good at deliberately correcting erroneous intuitions, smart reasoners simply seem to have more accurate intuitions.
Bibliographie:ObjectType-Article-1
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ISSN:0010-0277
1873-7838
1873-7838
DOI:10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104381