The smart intuitor: Cognitive capacity predicts intuitive rather than deliberate thinking
Cognitive capacity is commonly assumed to predict performance in classic reasoning tasks because people higher in cognitive capacity are believed to be better at deliberately correcting biasing erroneous intuitions. However, recent findings suggest that there can also be a positive correlation betwe...
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| Vydáno v: | Cognition Ročník 204; s. 104381 |
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| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
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Netherlands
Elsevier B.V
01.11.2020
Elsevier Science Ltd Elsevier |
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| ISSN: | 0010-0277, 1873-7838, 1873-7838 |
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| Abstract | Cognitive capacity is commonly assumed to predict performance in classic reasoning tasks because people higher in cognitive capacity are believed to be better at deliberately correcting biasing erroneous intuitions. However, recent findings suggest that there can also be a positive correlation between cognitive capacity and correct intuitive thinking. Here we present results from 2 studies that directly contrasted whether cognitive capacity is more predictive of having correct intuitions or successful deliberate correction of an incorrect intuition. We used a two-response paradigm in which people were required to give a fast intuitive response under time pressure and cognitive load and afterwards were given the time to deliberate. We used a direction-of change analysis to check whether correct responses were generated intuitively or whether they resulted from deliberate correction (i.e., an initial incorrect-to-correct final response change). Results showed that although cognitive capacity was associated with the correction tendency (overall r = 0.22) it primarily predicted correct intuitive responding (overall r = 0.44). These findings force us to rethink the nature of sound reasoning and the role of cognitive capacity in reasoning. Rather than being good at deliberately correcting erroneous intuitions, smart reasoners simply seem to have more accurate intuitions. |
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| AbstractList | Cognitive capacity is commonly assumed to predict performance in classic reasoning tasks because people higher in cognitive capacity are believed to be better at deliberately correcting biasing erroneous intuitions. However, recent findings suggest that there can also be a positive correlation between cognitive capacity and correct intuitive thinking. Here we present results from 2 studies that directly contrasted whether cognitive capacity is more predictive of having correct intuitions or successful deliberate correction of an incorrect intuition. We used a two-response paradigm in which people were required to give a fast intuitive response under time pressure and cognitive load and afterwards were given the time to deliberate. We used a direction-of-change analysis to check whether correct responses were generated intuitively or whether they resulted from deliberate correction (i.e., an initial incorrect-to-correct final response change). Results showed that although cognitive capacity was associated with the correction tendency (overall r = .13) it primarily predicted correct intuitive responding (overall r = .42). These findings force us to rethink the nature of sound reasoning and the role of cognitive capacity in reasoning. Rather than being good at deliberately correcting erroneous intuitions, smart reasoners simply seem to have more accurate intuitions. Cognitive capacity is commonly assumed to predict performance in classic reasoning tasks because people higher in cognitive capacity are believed to be better at deliberately correcting biasing erroneous intuitions. However, recent findings suggest that there can also be a positive correlation between cognitive capacity and correct intuitive thinking. Here we present results from 2 studies that directly contrasted whether cognitive capacity is more predictive of having correct intuitions or successful deliberate correction of an incorrect intuition. We used a two-response paradigm in which people were required to give a fast intuitive response under time pressure and cognitive load and afterwards were given the time to deliberate. We used a direction-of change analysis to check whether correct responses were generated intuitively or whether they resulted from deliberate correction (i.e., an initial incorrect-to-correct final response change). Results showed that although cognitive capacity was associated with the correction tendency (overall r = 0.22) it primarily predicted correct intuitive responding (overall r = 0.44). These findings force us to rethink the nature of sound reasoning and the role of cognitive capacity in reasoning. Rather than being good at deliberately correcting erroneous intuitions, smart reasoners simply seem to have more accurate intuitions. Cognitive capacity is commonly assumed to predict performance in classic reasoning tasks because people higher in cognitive capacity are believed to be better at deliberately correcting biasing erroneous intuitions. However, recent findings suggest that there can also be a positive correlation between cognitive capacity and correct intuitive thinking. Here we present results from 2 studies that directly contrasted whether cognitive capacity is more predictive of having correct intuitions or successful deliberate correction of an incorrect intuition. We used a two-response paradigm in which people were required to give a fast intuitive response under time pressure and cognitive load and afterwards were given the time to deliberate. We used a direction-of change analysis to check whether correct responses were generated intuitively or whether they resulted from deliberate correction (i.e., an initial incorrect-to-correct final response change). Results showed that although cognitive capacity was associated with the correction tendency (overall r = 0.22) it primarily predicted correct intuitive responding (overall r = 0.44). These findings force us to rethink the nature of sound reasoning and the role of cognitive capacity in reasoning. Rather than being good at deliberately correcting erroneous intuitions, smart reasoners simply seem to have more accurate intuitions.Cognitive capacity is commonly assumed to predict performance in classic reasoning tasks because people higher in cognitive capacity are believed to be better at deliberately correcting biasing erroneous intuitions. However, recent findings suggest that there can also be a positive correlation between cognitive capacity and correct intuitive thinking. Here we present results from 2 studies that directly contrasted whether cognitive capacity is more predictive of having correct intuitions or successful deliberate correction of an incorrect intuition. We used a two-response paradigm in which people were required to give a fast intuitive response under time pressure and cognitive load and afterwards were given the time to deliberate. We used a direction-of change analysis to check whether correct responses were generated intuitively or whether they resulted from deliberate correction (i.e., an initial incorrect-to-correct final response change). Results showed that although cognitive capacity was associated with the correction tendency (overall r = 0.22) it primarily predicted correct intuitive responding (overall r = 0.44). These findings force us to rethink the nature of sound reasoning and the role of cognitive capacity in reasoning. Rather than being good at deliberately correcting erroneous intuitions, smart reasoners simply seem to have more accurate intuitions. |
| ArticleNumber | 104381 |
| Author | Thompson, Valerie A. Raoelison, Matthieu De Neys, Wim |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Matthieu surname: Raoelison fullname: Raoelison, Matthieu email: matthieu.raoelison@ensc.fr organization: Université de Paris, LaPsyDÉ, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France – sequence: 2 givenname: Valerie A. surname: Thompson fullname: Thompson, Valerie A. organization: University of Saskatchewan, Canada – sequence: 3 givenname: Wim surname: De Neys fullname: De Neys, Wim organization: Université de Paris, LaPsyDÉ, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France |
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| Keywords | Decision-making Heuristics & Biases Reasoning Dual process theory Cognitive capacity Heuristics & biases Dual-process theory |
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6 De Neys (10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104381_bb0050) 2006; 17 De Neys (10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104381_bb0065) 2017 Reyna (10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104381_bb4500) 2011; 31 Peters (10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104381_bb0210) 2012; 21 Unsworth (10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104381_bb0300) 2005; 33 Thompson (10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104381_bb0275) 2018; 147 De Neys (10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104381_bb0085) 2006; 53 De Neys (10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104381_bb0075) 2019; 28 Evans (10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104381_bb0095) 2008; 59 Purcell (10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104381_bb0215) 2019 Raven (10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104381_bb0225) 1998 De Neys (10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104381_bb0060) 2014; 20 Handley (10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104381_bb0135) 2011; 37 Newman (10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104381_bb0185) 2017; 43 Toplak (10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104381_bb0290) 2011; 39 Pennycook (10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104381_bb0200) 2014; 42 Evans (10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104381_bb0105) 2013; 8 Bringsjord (10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104381_bb0030) 2003; 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| SubjectTerms | Cognition Cognition & reasoning Cognitive ability Cognitive capacity Cognitive load Cognitive science Decision-making Dual process theory Heuristics & Biases Intuition Pressure Reasoning Task performance |
| Title | The smart intuitor: Cognitive capacity predicts intuitive rather than deliberate thinking |
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