Review and evolution of guidelines for diagnosis of COVID-19 vaccine induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT)

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a life-threatening infectious disease caused by Severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). In response to the still ongoing pandemic outbreak, a number of COVID-19 vaccines have been quickly developed and deployed. Although minor adverse even...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine Vol. 60; no. 1; p. 7
Main Authors: Favaloro, Emmanuel J, Pasalic, Leonardo, Lippi, Giuseppe
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Germany 01.01.2022
Subjects:
COVID-19 - prevention & control
COVID-19 Vaccines - adverse effects
Humans
Thrombocytopenia - chemically induced
Thrombocytopenia - diagnosis
Thrombosis - chemically induced
Thrombosis - diagnosis
diagnosis
thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome (TTS)
vaccine induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT)
laboratory testing
guideline
ISSN:1437-4331, 1437-4331
Online Access:Get more information
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Summary:Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a life-threatening infectious disease caused by Severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). In response to the still ongoing pandemic outbreak, a number of COVID-19 vaccines have been quickly developed and deployed. Although minor adverse events, either local (e.g., soreness, itch, redness) or systematic (fever, malaise, headache, etc.), are not uncommon following any COVID-19 vaccination, one rare vaccine-associated event can cause fatal consequences due to development of antibodies against platelet factor 4 (PF4), which trigger platelet activation, aggregation, and possible resultant thrombosis, often at unusual vascular sites. Termed thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome (TTS) by reporting government agencies, the term vaccine-induced (immune) thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) is more widely adopted by workers in the field. In response to increasing reports of VITT, several expert groups have formulated guidelines for diagnosis and/or management of VITT. Herein, we review some key guidelines related to diagnosis of VITT, and also provide some commentary on their development and evolution.
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ISSN:1437-4331
1437-4331
DOI:10.1515/cclm-2021-1039