A Review of the Common Neurodegenerative Disorders: Current Therapeutic Approaches and the Potential Role of Nanotherapeutics

Neurodegenerative disorders are primarily characterized by neuron loss. The most common neurodegenerative disorders include Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. Although there are several medicines currently approved for managing neurodegenerative disorders, a large majority of them only help with a...

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Vydáno v:International journal of molecular sciences Ročník 23; číslo 3; s. 1851
Hlavní autoři: Lamptey, Richard N. L., Chaulagain, Bivek, Trivedi, Riddhi, Gothwal, Avinash, Layek, Buddhadev, Singh, Jagdish
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: Switzerland MDPI AG 06.02.2022
MDPI
Témata:
Alzheimer's disease
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Blood-Brain Barrier - pathology
Brain - pathology
Drug Delivery Systems
Early Diagnosis
Humans
Nanoparticles - administration & dosage
Neurodegeneration
Neurodegenerative Diseases - diagnosis
Neurodegenerative Diseases - drug therapy
Parkinson's disease
Review
Theranostic Nanomedicine
blood–brain barrier
Alzheimer’s disease
neurogenesis
nanoparticle
neurodegenerative disorder
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Parkinson’s disease
ISSN:1422-0067, 1661-6596, 1422-0067
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Popis
Shrnutí:Neurodegenerative disorders are primarily characterized by neuron loss. The most common neurodegenerative disorders include Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. Although there are several medicines currently approved for managing neurodegenerative disorders, a large majority of them only help with associated symptoms. This lack of pathogenesis-targeting therapies is primarily due to the restrictive effects of the blood–brain barrier (BBB), which keeps close to 99% of all “foreign substances” out of the brain. Since their discovery, nanoparticles have been successfully used for targeted delivery into many organs, including the brain. This review briefly describes the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and their current management approaches. We then highlight the major challenges of brain-drug delivery, followed by the role of nanotherapeutics for the diagnosis and treatment of various neurological disorders.
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ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms23031851