Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio: An Emerging Marker of the Relationships between the Immune System and Diseases

Over the last 10 years, the evaluation of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as an emerging marker of diseases has become a compelling field of bio-medical research. Although a precise and unique cut-off value has not been yet found, its role as a flag of immune system homeostasis is well esta...

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Veröffentlicht in:International journal of molecular sciences Jg. 23; H. 7; S. 3636
Hauptverfasser: Buonacera, Agata, Stancanelli, Benedetta, Colaci, Michele, Malatino, Lorenzo
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Switzerland MDPI AG 26.03.2022
MDPI
Schlagworte:
Adaptive immunity
Biomarkers
Blood
Catecholamines
COVID-19
Cytokines
Disease
Humans
Immune system
Infections
Lymphocyte Count
Lymphocytes
Medical prognosis
Mortality
Neutrophils
Physiology
Pneumonia
Retrospective Studies
Review
Sepsis
coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19)
intensive care unit (ICU)
marker
mortality
neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR)
prognosis
sepsis
ISSN:1422-0067, 1661-6596, 1422-0067
Online-Zugang:Volltext
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Zusammenfassung:Over the last 10 years, the evaluation of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as an emerging marker of diseases has become a compelling field of bio-medical research. Although a precise and unique cut-off value has not been yet found, its role as a flag of immune system homeostasis is well established. NLR has a well-known prognostic value and independently correlates with mortality in the general population and in several specific subsets of disease (sepsis, pneumonia, COVID-19, cancer, etc.). Moreover, NLR was recently considered as part of the decision-making processes concerning the admission/recovery of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. This review aims to provide an overview of the main use of this biomarker, focusing on the pathophysiology and the molecular basis underlying its central role as a reliable mirror of inflammatory status and adaptive immunity.
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ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms23073636