Use of mesenchymal stem cells for therapy of cardiac disease

Despite substantial clinical advances over the past 65 years, cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death in America. The past 15 years has witnessed major basic and translational interest in the use of stem and precursor cells as a therapeutic agent for chronically injured organs. Amo...

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Veröffentlicht in:Circulation research Jg. 116; H. 8; S. 1413
Hauptverfasser: Karantalis, Vasileios, Hare, Joshua M
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: United States 10.04.2015
Schlagworte:
Animals
Biomarkers - metabolism
Cell Differentiation
Cell Lineage
Cell Proliferation
Heart Diseases - metabolism
Heart Diseases - pathology
Heart Diseases - physiopathology
Heart Diseases - surgery
Humans
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation - adverse effects
Myocardium - metabolism
Myocardium - pathology
Phenotype
Recovery of Function
Regeneration
Regenerative Medicine - methods
Signal Transduction
Treatment Outcome
mesenchymal stem cell
stem cells
cell differentiation
regeneration
ISSN:1524-4571, 1524-4571
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Zusammenfassung:Despite substantial clinical advances over the past 65 years, cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death in America. The past 15 years has witnessed major basic and translational interest in the use of stem and precursor cells as a therapeutic agent for chronically injured organs. Among the cell types under investigation, adult mesenchymal stem cells are widely studied, and in early stage, clinical studies show promise for repair and regeneration of cardiac tissues. The ability of mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate into mesoderm- and nonmesoderm-derived tissues, their immunomodulatory effects, their availability, and their key role in maintaining and replenishing endogenous stem cell niches have rendered them one of the most heavily investigated and clinically tested type of stem cell. Accumulating data from preclinical and early phase clinical trials document their safety when delivered as either autologous or allogeneic forms in a range of cardiovascular diseases, but also importantly define parameters of clinical efficacy that justify further investigation in larger clinical trials. Here, we review the biology of mesenchymal stem cells, their interaction with endogenous molecular and cellular pathways, and their modulation of immune responses. Additionally, we discuss factors that enhance their proliferative and regenerative ability and factors that may hinder their effectiveness in the clinical setting.
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ISSN:1524-4571
1524-4571
DOI:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.116.303614