Influence of wash aids on Bacillus spore removal from an asphalt parking lot using two spray‐based washing methods

Aims The goal of this study was to measure the removal efficacy of Bacillus atrophaeus spores from a parking lot using spray‐based washing methods (a pressure washer and a garden hose) and wash aids. B. atrophaeus is a commonly used nonpathogenic surrogate for B. anthracis, the causative agent of an...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of applied microbiology Jg. 132; H. 4; S. 2773 - 2780
Hauptverfasser: Mikelonis, Anne M., Fuller, Christopher, Ratliff, Katherine, Touati, Abderrahmane, Calfee, Michael W.
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: England Oxford University Press 01.04.2022
Schlagworte:
Aids
Anthrax
Asphalt
Bacillus
Bacillus anthracis
Bacillus atrophaeus
bacterial spores
Bioterrorism
bitumen
Disinfectants
Drinking water
Emergency response
Environmental impact
etiological agents
First responders
gardens
Gardens & gardening
Humans
Hydrocarbons
microbiology
Parking facilities
polysorbates
Pressure
Public health
remediation
runoff
Seawater
Sodium chloride
Sodium dodecyl sulfate
Sodium lauryl sulfate
Spores
Spores, Bacterial
tap water
Urban areas
Washing
water
remediation
bacterial spores
spores
water
Bacillus
ISSN:1364-5072, 1365-2672, 1365-2672
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Zusammenfassung:Aims The goal of this study was to measure the removal efficacy of Bacillus atrophaeus spores from a parking lot using spray‐based washing methods (a pressure washer and a garden hose) and wash aids. B. atrophaeus is a commonly used nonpathogenic surrogate for B. anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax and a deadly bioterrorism agent that would cause major disruptions and damage to public health should it be disseminated over an urban area. Methods and Results Five wash aids (1 mM sodium chloride, an Instant Ocean® seawater solution, 0.01% Tween 20, 0.01% sodium dodecyl sulfate, and unamended tap water) were used along with two different spray sequences in this study. Across all treatment conditions, 3.7–6.4 log10 colony forming unit were recovered in the runoff water, and 0.15%–23% of spores were removed from the surface of the parking lot. Conclusions Pressure washing removed more spores than the garden hose, and for both types of washing methods, the first pass removed more spores than the subsequent passes. The Instant Ocean and Tween 20 wash aids were found to significantly increase the percentage of spore removal when using the pressure washer, but the overall increase was only 1%–2% compared to the tap water alone. Significance and Impact of Study This study provides public officials and emergency responders with baseline spore physical removal information for situations where a corrosive disinfectant might have a negative impact on the environment and washing is being considered as an alternative remediation approach.
Bibliographie:ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
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ISSN:1364-5072
1365-2672
1365-2672
DOI:10.1111/jam.15405