Adipose tissue-derived metabolite risk scores and risk for type 2 diabetes in South Asians

Background South Asians are at higher risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D) than many other race/ethnic groups. Ectopic adiposity, specifically hepatic steatosis and visceral fat may partially explain this. Our objective was to derive metabolite risk scores for ectopic adiposity and assess associations wit...

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Veröffentlicht in:International Journal of Obesity Jg. 48; H. 5; S. 668 - 673
Hauptverfasser: Gadgil, Meghana D., Cheng, Jing, Herrington, David M., Kandula, Namratha R., Kanaya, Alka M.
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: London Nature Publishing Group UK 01.05.2024
Nature Publishing Group
Schlagworte:
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Abnormalities
Adipose tissue
Adipose Tissue - diagnostic imaging
Adipose Tissue - metabolism
Adiposity
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Arteriosclerosis
Asia, Southern - ethnology
Atherosclerosis
Biomarkers
Body mass index
Body size
Cardiovascular diseases
Cholesterol
Cohort Studies
Computed tomography
Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - epidemiology
Energy intake
Epidemiology
Fatty liver
Female
Health Promotion and Disease Prevention
Humans
Internal Medicine
Intra-Abdominal Fat - diagnostic imaging
Intra-Abdominal Fat - metabolism
Liver
Male
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Metabolic Diseases
Metabolites
Metabolomics
Middle Aged
Minority & ethnic groups
Physical activity
Public Health
Regression analysis
Regression models
Risk
Risk Factors
South Asian People - statistics & numerical data
Steatosis
United States - epidemiology
United States
Asia, Southern
ISSN:0307-0565, 1476-5497, 1476-5497
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Zusammenfassung:Background South Asians are at higher risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D) than many other race/ethnic groups. Ectopic adiposity, specifically hepatic steatosis and visceral fat may partially explain this. Our objective was to derive metabolite risk scores for ectopic adiposity and assess associations with incident T2D in South Asians. Methods We examined 550 participants in the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America (MASALA) cohort study aged 40–84 years without known cardiovascular disease or T2D and with metabolomic data. Computed tomography scans at baseline assessed hepatic attenuation and visceral fat area, and fasting serum specimens at baseline and after 5 years assessed T2D. LC-MS-based untargeted metabolomic analysis was performed followed by targeted integration and reporting of known signals. Elastic net regularized linear regression analyses was used to derive risk scores for hepatic steatosis and visceral fat using weighted coefficients. Logistic regression models associated metabolite risk score and incident T2D, adjusting for age, gender, study site, BMI, physical activity, diet quality, energy intake and use of cholesterol-lowering medication. Results Average age of participants was 55 years, 36% women with an average body mass index (BMI) of 25 kg/m 2 and 6% prevalence of hepatic steatosis, with 47 cases of incident T2D at 5 years. There were 445 metabolites of known identity. Of these, 313 metabolites were included in the MET-Visc score and 267 in the MET-Liver score. In most fully adjusted models, MET-Liver (OR 2.04 [95% CI 1.38, 3.03]) and MET-Visc (OR 2.80 [1.75, 4.46]) were associated with higher odds of T2D. These associations remained significant after adjustment for measured adiposity. Conclusions Metabolite risk scores for intrahepatic fat and visceral fat were strongly related to incident T2D independent of measured adiposity. Use of these biomarkers to target risk stratification may help capture pre-clinical metabolic abnormalities.
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SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
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ISSN:0307-0565
1476-5497
1476-5497
DOI:10.1038/s41366-023-01457-4