Computational complexity drives sustained deliberation

Economic deliberations are slow, effortful and intentional searches for solutions to difficult economic problems. Although such deliberations are critical for making sound decisions, the underlying reasoning strategies and neurobiological substrates remain poorly understood. Here two nonhuman primat...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nature neuroscience Vol. 26; no. 5; pp. 850 - 857
Main Authors: Hong, Tao, Stauffer, William R.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: New York Nature Publishing Group US 01.05.2023
Nature Publishing Group
Subjects:
631/378/1788
631/378/2649/1409
631/378/2649/1749
Algorithms
Animal Genetics and Genomics
Animals
Behavioral Sciences
Biological Techniques
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Combinatorial analysis
Complexity
Decision Making
Neural networks
Neural Networks, Computer
Neurobiology
Neurosciences
Optimization
Reasoning
Recurrent neural networks
Substrates
ISSN:1097-6256, 1546-1726, 1546-1726
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Economic deliberations are slow, effortful and intentional searches for solutions to difficult economic problems. Although such deliberations are critical for making sound decisions, the underlying reasoning strategies and neurobiological substrates remain poorly understood. Here two nonhuman primates performed a combinatorial optimization task to identify valuable subsets and satisfy predefined constraints. Their behavior revealed evidence of combinatorial reasoning—when low-complexity algorithms that consider items one at a time provided optimal solutions, the animals adopted low-complexity reasoning strategies. When greater computational resources were required, the animals approximated high-complexity algorithms that search for optimal combinations. The deliberation times reflected the demands created by computational complexity—high-complexity algorithms require more operations and, concomitantly, the animals deliberated for longer durations. Recurrent neural networks that mimicked low- and high-complexity algorithms also reflected the behavioral deliberation times and were used to reveal algorithm-specific computations that support economic deliberation. These findings reveal evidence for algorithm-based reasoning and establish a paradigm for studying the neurophysiological basis for sustained deliberation. The authors develop a reward optimization framework to study sustained deliberation in nonhuman primates. As the computational complexity increased, animals deliberated longer and applied more complex reasoning strategies to optimize rewards.
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ISSN:1097-6256
1546-1726
1546-1726
DOI:10.1038/s41593-023-01307-6