Obesity and risk of age-related eye diseases: a systematic review of prospective population-based studies

Obesity is a public health challenge worldwide. The relationship between obesity and age-related eye diseases including cataract, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) have remained elusive. We conducted a systematic review of three electronic databases for l...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International Journal of Obesity Vol. 45; no. 9; pp. 1863 - 1885
Main Authors: Ng Yin Ling, Clarissa, Lim, Su Chi, Jonas, Jost B, Sabanayagam, Charumathi
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England Nature Publishing Group 01.09.2021
Subjects:
Age
Age Factors
Age related diseases
Body Mass Index
Body size
Body weight loss
Cataracts
Diabetes mellitus
Diabetic retinopathy
Eye diseases
Eye Diseases - etiology
Eye Diseases - physiopathology
Glaucoma
Humans
Incidence
Macular degeneration
Obesity
Obesity - complications
Obesity - physiopathology
Physical activity
Population studies
Population-based studies
Populations
Public health
Retinopathy
Risk Factors
Systematic review
Weight control
Weight loss
ISSN:0307-0565, 1476-5497, 1476-5497
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Obesity is a public health challenge worldwide. The relationship between obesity and age-related eye diseases including cataract, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) have remained elusive. We conducted a systematic review of three electronic databases for longitudinal population-based studies that described associations between measures of obesity including body mass index (BMI), waist-circumference (WC), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and age-related eye diseases. Our search yielded 1731 articles, of which 14, 10, 16 and 8 articles met our eligibility criteria for cataract, glaucoma, AMD and DR, respectively. BMI-defined obesity was positively associated with incident cataract, incident AMD and incident DR in Western populations, but in Asian populations associations for incident AMD were not significant and associations for incident DR were inverse. WC-defined obesity was associated with incident glaucoma in non-Western populations. WHR-defined obesity but not BMI-defined obesity was associated with the incidence or progression of AMD in two Western studies. Overall, we found strong evidence supporting associations between obesity and age-related eye diseases. Further research on the association of abdominal obesity and effect of weight loss and physical activity on age-related eye diseases is warranted to support clinical and public health recommendations.
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ISSN:0307-0565
1476-5497
1476-5497
DOI:10.1038/s41366-021-00829-y