Fatigue, pain, and depression in pre-autotransplant breast cancer patients
The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of fatigue, pain, and depression on health status in breast cancer patients who had completed adjuvant chemotherapy and were scheduled for autologous bone marrow/peripheral blood stem cell transplant (AT). A predictive, correlational design wa...
Uloženo v:
| Vydáno v: | Cancer practice Ročník 7; číslo 5; s. 240 |
|---|---|
| Hlavní autoři: | , , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Vydáno: |
United States
01.09.1999
|
| Témata: | |
| ISSN: | 1065-4704 |
| On-line přístup: | Zjistit podrobnosti o přístupu |
| Tagy: |
Přidat tag
Žádné tagy, Buďte první, kdo vytvoří štítek k tomuto záznamu!
|
| Abstract | The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of fatigue, pain, and depression on health status in breast cancer patients who had completed adjuvant chemotherapy and were scheduled for autologous bone marrow/peripheral blood stem cell transplant (AT).
A predictive, correlational design was used. A convenience sample of 127 women with stages II, III, and IV breast cancer was recruited. The setting was an urban National Cancer Institute-designated comprehensive cancer center located in the Eastern United States. Standardized questionnaires and the Gaston-Johansson Painometer (POM) were used to measure the variables. The subjects completed questionnaires in the outpatient clinic. Relationships between the multiple dimensions of fatigue and pain, depression, and health status were examined. Hierarchical regression techniques were used to determine the variance in health status accounted for by fatigue, pain, and depression.
The subjects were age 22 to 60 years (Mean = 45; SD = 7.6), and primarily were married, white, Protestant, college educated, employed in a professional position, and had an average yearly household income of equal to or greater than $50,000. All subjects had previously received surgery and chemotherapy. Ninety-one percent of the participants reported fatigue as measured by the Fatigue Visual Analogue Scale. Forty-seven percent of the participants reported pain as measured by the Gaston-Johansson POM visual analogue scale. Fifty-four percent of the participants reported depression, ranging from mild to severe/high. Subjects reported a mean total perceived health status rating of 50.73 (SD 10.79). Fatigue, pain, and depression were all significantly correlated to each other and to total health status. Depression (P < .001) and pain (P < .01) significantly accounted for 64% (adjusted R2 = .60) of the variance in total health status. Fatigue (P < .05) and depression (P < .001) accounted for 42% (adjusted R2 = .36) of the variance in the perception of health status.
Women with breast cancer previously treated with chemotherapy and awaiting AT may experience fatigue, pain, depression, and alterations in health status. Pain and depression had a significant impact on a woman's total health status, whereas depression and fatigue had an influence on perceived health status. Of the different dimensions of health status, one's perceptions of health status had the strongest correlation to total health status (r = .84, P < .001). Healthcare professionals need to be aware of the effects of multiple symptoms on health status and to provide appropriate care to alleviate them. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of fatigue, pain, and depression on health status in breast cancer patients who had completed adjuvant chemotherapy and were scheduled for autologous bone marrow/peripheral blood stem cell transplant (AT).OBJECTIVESThe purpose of this study was to determine the influence of fatigue, pain, and depression on health status in breast cancer patients who had completed adjuvant chemotherapy and were scheduled for autologous bone marrow/peripheral blood stem cell transplant (AT).A predictive, correlational design was used. A convenience sample of 127 women with stages II, III, and IV breast cancer was recruited. The setting was an urban National Cancer Institute-designated comprehensive cancer center located in the Eastern United States. Standardized questionnaires and the Gaston-Johansson Painometer (POM) were used to measure the variables. The subjects completed questionnaires in the outpatient clinic. Relationships between the multiple dimensions of fatigue and pain, depression, and health status were examined. Hierarchical regression techniques were used to determine the variance in health status accounted for by fatigue, pain, and depression.MATERIALS AND METHODSA predictive, correlational design was used. A convenience sample of 127 women with stages II, III, and IV breast cancer was recruited. The setting was an urban National Cancer Institute-designated comprehensive cancer center located in the Eastern United States. Standardized questionnaires and the Gaston-Johansson Painometer (POM) were used to measure the variables. The subjects completed questionnaires in the outpatient clinic. Relationships between the multiple dimensions of fatigue and pain, depression, and health status were examined. Hierarchical regression techniques were used to determine the variance in health status accounted for by fatigue, pain, and depression.The subjects were age 22 to 60 years (Mean = 45; SD = 7.6), and primarily were married, white, Protestant, college educated, employed in a professional position, and had an average yearly household income of equal to or greater than $50,000. All subjects had previously received surgery and chemotherapy. Ninety-one percent of the participants reported fatigue as measured by the Fatigue Visual Analogue Scale. Forty-seven percent of the participants reported pain as measured by the Gaston-Johansson POM visual analogue scale. Fifty-four percent of the participants reported depression, ranging from mild to severe/high. Subjects reported a mean total perceived health status rating of 50.73 (SD 10.79). Fatigue, pain, and depression were all significantly correlated to each other and to total health status. Depression (P < .001) and pain (P < .01) significantly accounted for 64% (adjusted R2 = .60) of the variance in total health status. Fatigue (P < .05) and depression (P < .001) accounted for 42% (adjusted R2 = .36) of the variance in the perception of health status.RESULTSThe subjects were age 22 to 60 years (Mean = 45; SD = 7.6), and primarily were married, white, Protestant, college educated, employed in a professional position, and had an average yearly household income of equal to or greater than $50,000. All subjects had previously received surgery and chemotherapy. Ninety-one percent of the participants reported fatigue as measured by the Fatigue Visual Analogue Scale. Forty-seven percent of the participants reported pain as measured by the Gaston-Johansson POM visual analogue scale. Fifty-four percent of the participants reported depression, ranging from mild to severe/high. Subjects reported a mean total perceived health status rating of 50.73 (SD 10.79). Fatigue, pain, and depression were all significantly correlated to each other and to total health status. Depression (P < .001) and pain (P < .01) significantly accounted for 64% (adjusted R2 = .60) of the variance in total health status. Fatigue (P < .05) and depression (P < .001) accounted for 42% (adjusted R2 = .36) of the variance in the perception of health status.Women with breast cancer previously treated with chemotherapy and awaiting AT may experience fatigue, pain, depression, and alterations in health status. Pain and depression had a significant impact on a woman's total health status, whereas depression and fatigue had an influence on perceived health status. Of the different dimensions of health status, one's perceptions of health status had the strongest correlation to total health status (r = .84, P < .001). Healthcare professionals need to be aware of the effects of multiple symptoms on health status and to provide appropriate care to alleviate them.CONCLUSIONSWomen with breast cancer previously treated with chemotherapy and awaiting AT may experience fatigue, pain, depression, and alterations in health status. Pain and depression had a significant impact on a woman's total health status, whereas depression and fatigue had an influence on perceived health status. Of the different dimensions of health status, one's perceptions of health status had the strongest correlation to total health status (r = .84, P < .001). Healthcare professionals need to be aware of the effects of multiple symptoms on health status and to provide appropriate care to alleviate them. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of fatigue, pain, and depression on health status in breast cancer patients who had completed adjuvant chemotherapy and were scheduled for autologous bone marrow/peripheral blood stem cell transplant (AT). A predictive, correlational design was used. A convenience sample of 127 women with stages II, III, and IV breast cancer was recruited. The setting was an urban National Cancer Institute-designated comprehensive cancer center located in the Eastern United States. Standardized questionnaires and the Gaston-Johansson Painometer (POM) were used to measure the variables. The subjects completed questionnaires in the outpatient clinic. Relationships between the multiple dimensions of fatigue and pain, depression, and health status were examined. Hierarchical regression techniques were used to determine the variance in health status accounted for by fatigue, pain, and depression. The subjects were age 22 to 60 years (Mean = 45; SD = 7.6), and primarily were married, white, Protestant, college educated, employed in a professional position, and had an average yearly household income of equal to or greater than $50,000. All subjects had previously received surgery and chemotherapy. Ninety-one percent of the participants reported fatigue as measured by the Fatigue Visual Analogue Scale. Forty-seven percent of the participants reported pain as measured by the Gaston-Johansson POM visual analogue scale. Fifty-four percent of the participants reported depression, ranging from mild to severe/high. Subjects reported a mean total perceived health status rating of 50.73 (SD 10.79). Fatigue, pain, and depression were all significantly correlated to each other and to total health status. Depression (P < .001) and pain (P < .01) significantly accounted for 64% (adjusted R2 = .60) of the variance in total health status. Fatigue (P < .05) and depression (P < .001) accounted for 42% (adjusted R2 = .36) of the variance in the perception of health status. Women with breast cancer previously treated with chemotherapy and awaiting AT may experience fatigue, pain, depression, and alterations in health status. Pain and depression had a significant impact on a woman's total health status, whereas depression and fatigue had an influence on perceived health status. Of the different dimensions of health status, one's perceptions of health status had the strongest correlation to total health status (r = .84, P < .001). Healthcare professionals need to be aware of the effects of multiple symptoms on health status and to provide appropriate care to alleviate them. |
| Author | Bakos, A B Fall-Dickson, J M Kennedy, M J Gaston-Johansson, F |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: F surname: Gaston-Johansson fullname: Gaston-Johansson, F organization: Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD 21205-2110, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: J M surname: Fall-Dickson fullname: Fall-Dickson, J M – sequence: 3 givenname: A B surname: Bakos fullname: Bakos, A B – sequence: 4 givenname: M J surname: Kennedy fullname: Kennedy, M J |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10687593$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
| BookMark | eNo1j0tPwzAQhH0oog_4C8gnTk3wxnacHFFFeagSFzhHTrxGqVIn2I4E_x4jymlnNd-OZtdk4UaHhFBgOTBR3h1zkAXPJK9FDnVd50oyVuVfC7ICVspMKCaWZB3CkTHgoNglWSajUrLmK_Ky17H_mHFLJ927LdXOUIOTxxD60dHe0aQzPccxeu3CNGgXaetRh0g77Tr06TD26GK4IhdWDwGvz3ND3vcPb7un7PD6-Ly7P2SdUFBlUIAxCACsqzirsURrubRCccOE5gqkNl2qh5VVrUTZWosF6LYTaeMIxYbc_uVOfvycMcTm1IcOh1QNxzk0ZS1SCvyCN2dwbk9omsn3J-2_m__vix8Fxl5t |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jpainsymman_2020_07_037 crossref_primary_10_1097_01_NCC_0000339244_58914_4a crossref_primary_10_1093_rheumatology_keq098 crossref_primary_10_1186_1471_2482_7_5 crossref_primary_10_1038_sj_bmt_1705664 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11764_012_0258_2 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jpainsymman_2009_12_020 crossref_primary_10_1089_jpm_2010_0507 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jpainsymman_2006_10_017 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0074873 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jpainsymman_2018_11_010 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_soncn_2007_01_003 crossref_primary_10_1188_02_ONF_949_956 crossref_primary_10_1188_08_ONF_E1_E11 crossref_primary_10_1188_21_ONF_535_545 crossref_primary_10_1300_J077v23n02_09 crossref_primary_10_1111_j_1547_5069_2004_04038_x crossref_primary_10_1016_j_clinthera_2007_12_004 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00520_007_0241_z crossref_primary_10_1016_j_soncn_2007_01_007 crossref_primary_10_1188_04_ONF_937_944 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_soncn_2007_01_009 crossref_primary_10_1037_0278_6133_23_4_381 crossref_primary_10_1188_04_ONF_269_278 crossref_primary_10_1586_erp_11_44 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jpainsymman_2012_09_011 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jpainsymman_2006_05_007 crossref_primary_10_1634_theoncologist_2010_0092 crossref_primary_10_1200_JCO_2012_47_8867 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10549_008_9920_9 crossref_primary_10_3109_0284186X_2010_543145 crossref_primary_10_1188_06_ONF_931_936 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11136_007_9282_5 crossref_primary_10_1097_AJP_0b013e31823853ac crossref_primary_10_3109_0284186X_2010_533190 crossref_primary_10_1016_S0885_3924_02_00682_6 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11136_015_1156_7 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ejon_2010_05_011 crossref_primary_10_1002_cncr_25018 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ejca_2005_11_026 crossref_primary_10_1634_theoncologist_12_S1_4 crossref_primary_10_1111_j_1365_2354_2012_01372_x crossref_primary_10_1016_j_critrevonc_2010_03_002 crossref_primary_10_1023_B_JOBM_0000047608_03692_0c crossref_primary_10_1080_09638288_2018_1515265 crossref_primary_10_3322_caac_21319 crossref_primary_10_1136_bmjspcare_2012_000380 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_suronc_2009_11_006 crossref_primary_10_1097_NNR_0b013e3181b499d2 crossref_primary_10_1097_NCC_0b013e3182277222 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jpainsymman_2015_02_007 crossref_primary_10_1097_COC_0b013e31816d915f crossref_primary_10_1634_theoncologist_12_S1_11 crossref_primary_10_1097_01_NCC_0000290809_61206_ef crossref_primary_10_1016_S0959_8049_01_00332_X crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ejpain_2007_09_004 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cnur_2010_04_002 crossref_primary_10_1097_00006199_200609000_00009 crossref_primary_10_1188_10_ONF_E280_E287 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10072_015_2111_7 crossref_primary_10_1080_0284186X_2023_2271252 crossref_primary_10_1136_bmjopen_2016_011798 crossref_primary_10_1111_j_1547_5069_2007_00144_x crossref_primary_10_1007_s00520_020_05427_8 crossref_primary_10_1136_bmjspcare_2015_000896 crossref_primary_10_1191_0269216304pm950oa crossref_primary_10_1038_sj_bmt_1705343 crossref_primary_10_1177_2333721421997620 crossref_primary_10_1188_17_ONF_739_750 crossref_primary_10_1038_bjc_2016_246 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_genhosppsych_2007_10_008 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00520_015_2824_4 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_pmn_2007_05_001 crossref_primary_10_1200_JCO_2015_64_3809 crossref_primary_10_1097_00002820_200601000_00006 crossref_primary_10_1177_0269216310367842 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jpainsymman_2007_08_012 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ejon_2009_09_005 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12885_017_3687_5 crossref_primary_10_1093_annonc_mdh229 crossref_primary_10_1097_00002820_200008000_00004 crossref_primary_10_1002_cncr_25083 crossref_primary_10_1348_135910708X310200 crossref_primary_10_1109_TCSS_2016_2615850 crossref_primary_10_1176_appi_psy_49_4_283 crossref_primary_10_1097_NCC_0b013e318233a811 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jpainsymman_2006_06_001 crossref_primary_10_1300_J077v23n01_04 crossref_primary_10_1176_appi_ajp_160_2_350 crossref_primary_10_1188_11_ONF_672_680 crossref_primary_10_1188_12_ONF_E499_E510 crossref_primary_10_1016_S0140_6736_03_14186_4 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ejon_2009_07_005 crossref_primary_10_1188_05_ONF_633_640 crossref_primary_10_1586_erp_11_55 crossref_primary_10_1634_theoncologist_2010_0097 crossref_primary_10_1097_NCC_0000000000000670 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jpainsymman_2005_05_015 crossref_primary_10_1097_00002820_200208000_00004 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10865_011_9346_4 crossref_primary_10_1188_05_ONF_E48_E55 crossref_primary_10_1080_15360280802251231 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00520_019_05054_y crossref_primary_10_1300_J010v41n02_03 crossref_primary_10_1111_jocn_12430 crossref_primary_10_1188_04_ONF_1161_1169 crossref_primary_10_1111_jocn_14057 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0193713 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_genhosppsych_2008_01_004 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11805_009_0179_7 crossref_primary_10_1093_neuonc_nou127 crossref_primary_10_1097_00002820_200505000_00011 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11764_007_0017_y crossref_primary_10_1093_annonc_mdi095 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| DBID | CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM 7X8 |
| DOI | 10.1046/j.1523-5394.1999.75008.x |
| DatabaseName | Medline MEDLINE MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE MEDLINE PubMed MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitle | MEDLINE Medline Complete MEDLINE with Full Text PubMed MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitleList | MEDLINE - Academic MEDLINE |
| Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 2 dbid: 7X8 name: MEDLINE - Academic url: https://search.proquest.com/medline sourceTypes: Aggregation Database |
| DeliveryMethod | no_fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Medicine |
| ExternalDocumentID | 10687593 |
| Genre | Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S Journal Article |
| GroupedDBID | 04C 0R~ 1OC 29B 31~ 36B 53G 5GY 5RE 6PF 8-1 AANHP AAQQT AAWTL ABDBF ABJNI ACBWZ ACGFS ACRPL ACUHS ACXQS ACYXJ ADBBV ADCBC ADNMO ADOJX ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS ASPBG AVWKF AZFZN BDRZF BMSDO CAG CGR COF CS3 CUY CVF EAD EAP EAS EBC EBD EBS ECF ECM ECT ECV EIF EIHBH EJD EMB EMK EMOBN ENC ESX F5P FEDTE GODZA HVGLF IHE K97 LH4 LW6 NPM O9- OVD ROL SV3 TEORI UDS WQ9 YFH 7X8 AGQPQ |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c4718-121dde1110c8309e6eff35f473d04a3715adc687e8f7b5e5bffe21abc4b5e3e12 |
| IEDL.DBID | 7X8 |
| ISICitedReferencesCount | 117 |
| ISICitedReferencesURI | http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000082543800010&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D |
| ISSN | 1065-4704 |
| IngestDate | Fri Jul 11 06:48:09 EDT 2025 Thu Jan 02 21:52:46 EST 2025 |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Issue | 5 |
| Language | English |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c4718-121dde1110c8309e6eff35f473d04a3715adc687e8f7b5e5bffe21abc4b5e3e12 |
| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
| PMID | 10687593 |
| PQID | 69437111 |
| PQPubID | 23479 |
| ParticipantIDs | proquest_miscellaneous_69437111 pubmed_primary_10687593 |
| PublicationCentury | 1900 |
| PublicationDate | 1999 Sep-Oct 19990901 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 1999-09-01 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 09 year: 1999 text: 1999 Sep-Oct |
| PublicationDecade | 1990 |
| PublicationPlace | United States |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: United States |
| PublicationTitle | Cancer practice |
| PublicationTitleAlternate | Cancer Pract |
| PublicationYear | 1999 |
| SSID | ssj0013170 |
| Score | 1.7654241 |
| Snippet | The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of fatigue, pain, and depression on health status in breast cancer patients who had completed adjuvant... |
| SourceID | proquest pubmed |
| SourceType | Aggregation Database Index Database |
| StartPage | 240 |
| SubjectTerms | Adult Analysis of Variance Attitude to Health Bone Marrow Transplantation - psychology Breast Neoplasms - complications Breast Neoplasms - psychology Breast Neoplasms - therapy Depression - diagnosis Depression - etiology Fatigue - diagnosis Fatigue - etiology Female Health Status Humans Middle Aged Pain - diagnosis Pain - etiology Regression Analysis Surveys and Questionnaires Transplantation, Autologous |
| Title | Fatigue, pain, and depression in pre-autotransplant breast cancer patients |
| URI | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10687593 https://www.proquest.com/docview/69437111 |
| Volume | 7 |
| WOSCitedRecordID | wos000082543800010&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D |
| hasFullText | |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| link | http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV1LS8QwEA6rK-LF92N95uDRaNukTQOCiLiIuMseVPZWkjSRBUnX3a6_30kf4kU8eCn00DDMTObR-fIFofPcRiqQqSFKGU6g_6JECEkJYyaXibbCVuDx1yc-HKbjsRh10HV7FsbDKtuYWAXqvND-H_lVIhjlsDFvph_E3xnlZ6vNBRpLqEuhkPGALj7-MUMIec1FkMSE8YA1OJ5mpgkNGImpYP64nriEvBmkFf3RL2VmlW76G_8TdBOtN2Umvq39Ygt1jNtGq4NmkL6DHvtgkbeFucBTOXEXWLocf4NiHZ447OEhclEWZcV-_g4GwMoD2EusvaPMcMPIOt9FL_3757sH0lyrQLTPRCSMQohpIGGgUxoIkxhraWwZp3nAJMgey1wnKTep5So2sbLWRKFUmsEbNWG0h5Zd4cwBwlLYmPrhqhKURVapSEM9B0uGKvXU8z101uooA7f1swjpTLGYZ62Wemi_VnM2rdk1MrAX9FCCHv757RFaq0kUPOLrGHUtbFhzglb0ZzmZz04rb4DncDT4Ao37vi4 |
| linkProvider | ProQuest |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Fatigue%2C+pain%2C+and+depression+in+pre-autotransplant+breast+cancer+patients&rft.jtitle=Cancer+practice&rft.au=Gaston-Johansson%2C+F&rft.au=Fall-Dickson%2C+J+M&rft.au=Bakos%2C+A+B&rft.au=Kennedy%2C+M+J&rft.date=1999-09-01&rft.issn=1065-4704&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1046%2Fj.1523-5394.1999.75008.x&rft.externalDBID=NO_FULL_TEXT |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=1065-4704&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=1065-4704&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=1065-4704&client=summon |