A review of human and animals exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: Health risk and adverse effects, photo-induced toxicity and regulating effect of microplastics

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are one of the most widely distributed persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the environmental media. PAHs have been widely concerned due to their significant health risk and adverse effects to human and animals. Currently, the main sources of PAHs in the en...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Science of the total environment Vol. 773; p. 145403
Main Authors: Sun, Kailun, Song, Yan, He, Falin, Jing, Mingyang, Tang, Jingchun, Liu, Rutao
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 15.06.2021
Subjects:
adsorption
Animals
Bioaccumulation
carcinogenicity
combustion
environment
Environmental Monitoring
exposure pathways
genotoxicity
Health risk
Human and animals
Humans
immunotoxicity
Incineration
metabolites
Microplastics
neurotoxicity
Photo-induced toxicity
Plastics
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - analysis
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - toxicity
risk
teratogenicity
ultraviolet radiation
waste incineration
Human and animals
Photo-induced toxicity
Microplastics
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)
Health risk
ISSN:0048-9697, 1879-1026, 1879-1026
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are one of the most widely distributed persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the environmental media. PAHs have been widely concerned due to their significant health risk and adverse effects to human and animals. Currently, the main sources of PAHs in the environment are the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels, as well as municipal waste incineration and agricultural non-surface source emissions. In this work, the scope of our attention includes 16 typical PAHs themselves without involving their metabolites and industrial by-products. Exposure of human and animals to PAHs can lead to a variety of adverse effects, including carcinogenicity and teratogenicity, genotoxicity, reproductive- and endocrine-disrupting effects, immunotoxicity and neurotoxicity, the type and severity of which depend on a variety of factors. On the other hand, the regulatory effect of microplastics (MPs) on the bio-toxicity and bioaccumulation capacity of PAHs has now gradually attracted attention. We critically reviewed the adsorption capacity and mechanisms of MPs on PAHs as well as the effects of MPs on PAHs toxicity, thus highlighting the importance of paying attention to the joint bio-toxicity caused by PAHs-MPs interactions. In addition, due to the extensive nature of the common exposure pathway of PAHs and ultraviolet ray, an accurate understanding of biological processes exposed to both PAHs and UV light is necessary to develop effective protective strategies. Finally, based on the above critical review, we highlighted the research gaps and pointed out the priority of further studies. [Display omitted] •Showed various toxicity evidence of PAHs exposure in human and animals.•Discussed the study progress and controversy of biological toxicity of PAHs attached to the microplastics.•The exposure pathways and adverse effects of PAHs to human were concluded.•The biological toxicity of PAHs under UV light and its mechanism were focused.
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ISSN:0048-9697
1879-1026
1879-1026
DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145403