Forgotten but not gone: Yersinia infections in England, 1975 to 2020
BackgroundYersiniosis is one of the most common food-borne zoonoses in Europe, but there are large variations in the reported incidence between different countries.AimWe aimed to describe the trends and epidemiology of laboratory-confirmed infections in England and estimate the average annual number...
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| Published in: | Euro surveillance : bulletin européen sur les maladies transmissibles Vol. 28; no. 14; p. 1 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Sweden
Centre Europeen pour la Surveillance Epidemiologique du SIDA (European Centre for the Epidemiological Monitoring of AIDS)
06.04.2023
European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) |
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| ISSN: | 1560-7917, 1025-496X, 1560-7917 |
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| Abstract | BackgroundYersiniosis is one of the most common food-borne zoonoses in Europe, but there are large variations in the reported incidence between different countries.AimWe aimed to describe the trends and epidemiology of laboratory-confirmed
infections in England and estimate the average annual number of undiagnosed
cases, accounting for under-ascertainment.MethodsWe analysed national surveillance data on
cases reported by laboratories in England between 1975 and 2020 and enhanced surveillance questionnaires from patients diagnosed in a laboratory that has implemented routine
testing of diarrhoeic samples since 2016.ResultsThe highest incidence of
infections in England (1.4 cases per 100,000 population) was recorded in 1988 and 1989, with
being the predominant species. The reported incidence of
infections declined during the 1990s and remained low until 2016. Following introduction of commercial PCR at a single laboratory in the South East, the annual incidence increased markedly (13.6 cases per 100,000 population in the catchment area between 2017 and 2020). There were notable changes in age and seasonal distribution of cases over time. The majority of infections were not linked to foreign travel and one in five patients was admitted to hospital. We estimate that around 7,500
infections may be undiagnosed in England annually.ConclusionsFindings suggest a considerable number of undiagnosed yersiniosis cases in England, with possibly important changes in the epidemiology. The apparently low incidence of yersiniosis in England is probably due to limited laboratory testing. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | BackgroundYersiniosis is one of the most common food-borne zoonoses in Europe, but there are large variations in the reported incidence between different countries.AimWe aimed to describe the trends and epidemiology of laboratory-confirmed
infections in England and estimate the average annual number of undiagnosed
cases, accounting for under-ascertainment.MethodsWe analysed national surveillance data on
cases reported by laboratories in England between 1975 and 2020 and enhanced surveillance questionnaires from patients diagnosed in a laboratory that has implemented routine
testing of diarrhoeic samples since 2016.ResultsThe highest incidence of
infections in England (1.4 cases per 100,000 population) was recorded in 1988 and 1989, with
being the predominant species. The reported incidence of
infections declined during the 1990s and remained low until 2016. Following introduction of commercial PCR at a single laboratory in the South East, the annual incidence increased markedly (13.6 cases per 100,000 population in the catchment area between 2017 and 2020). There were notable changes in age and seasonal distribution of cases over time. The majority of infections were not linked to foreign travel and one in five patients was admitted to hospital. We estimate that around 7,500
infections may be undiagnosed in England annually.ConclusionsFindings suggest a considerable number of undiagnosed yersiniosis cases in England, with possibly important changes in the epidemiology. The apparently low incidence of yersiniosis in England is probably due to limited laboratory testing. BackgroundYersiniosis is one of the most common food-borne zoonoses in Europe, but there are large variations in the reported incidence between different countries.AimWe aimed to describe the trends and epidemiology of laboratory-confirmed Yersinia infections in England and estimate the average annual number of undiagnosed Yersinia enterocolitica cases, accounting for under-ascertainment.MethodsWe analysed national surveillance data on Yersinia cases reported by laboratories in England between 1975 and 2020 and enhanced surveillance questionnaires from patients diagnosed in a laboratory that has implemented routine Yersinia testing of diarrhoeic samples since 2016.ResultsThe highest incidence of Yersinia infections in England (1.4 cases per 100,000 population) was recorded in 1988 and 1989, with Y. enterocolitica being the predominant species. The reported incidence of Yersinia infections declined during the 1990s and remained low until 2016. Following introduction of commercial PCR at a single laboratory in the South East, the annual incidence increased markedly (13.6 cases per 100,000 population in the catchment area between 2017 and 2020). There were notable changes in age and seasonal distribution of cases over time. The majority of infections were not linked to foreign travel and one in five patients was admitted to hospital. We estimate that around 7,500 Y. enterocolitica infections may be undiagnosed in England annually.ConclusionsFindings suggest a considerable number of undiagnosed yersiniosis cases in England, with possibly important changes in the epidemiology. The apparently low incidence of yersiniosis in England is probably due to limited laboratory testing.BackgroundYersiniosis is one of the most common food-borne zoonoses in Europe, but there are large variations in the reported incidence between different countries.AimWe aimed to describe the trends and epidemiology of laboratory-confirmed Yersinia infections in England and estimate the average annual number of undiagnosed Yersinia enterocolitica cases, accounting for under-ascertainment.MethodsWe analysed national surveillance data on Yersinia cases reported by laboratories in England between 1975 and 2020 and enhanced surveillance questionnaires from patients diagnosed in a laboratory that has implemented routine Yersinia testing of diarrhoeic samples since 2016.ResultsThe highest incidence of Yersinia infections in England (1.4 cases per 100,000 population) was recorded in 1988 and 1989, with Y. enterocolitica being the predominant species. The reported incidence of Yersinia infections declined during the 1990s and remained low until 2016. Following introduction of commercial PCR at a single laboratory in the South East, the annual incidence increased markedly (13.6 cases per 100,000 population in the catchment area between 2017 and 2020). There were notable changes in age and seasonal distribution of cases over time. The majority of infections were not linked to foreign travel and one in five patients was admitted to hospital. We estimate that around 7,500 Y. enterocolitica infections may be undiagnosed in England annually.ConclusionsFindings suggest a considerable number of undiagnosed yersiniosis cases in England, with possibly important changes in the epidemiology. The apparently low incidence of yersiniosis in England is probably due to limited laboratory testing. Background Yersiniosis is one of the most common food-borne zoonoses in Europe, but there are large variations in the reported incidence between different countries. Aim We aimed to describe the trends and epidemiology of laboratory-confirmed Yersinia infections in England and estimate the average annual number of undiagnosed Yersinia enterocolitica cases, accounting for under-ascertainment. Methods We analysed national surveillance data on Yersinia cases reported by laboratories in England between 1975 and 2020 and enhanced surveillance questionnaires from patients diagnosed in a laboratory that has implemented routine Yersinia testing of diarrhoeic samples since 2016. Results The highest incidence of Yersinia infections in England (1.4 cases per 100,000 population) was recorded in 1988 and 1989, with Y. enterocolitica being the predominant species. The reported incidence of Yersinia infections declined during the 1990s and remained low until 2016. Following introduction of commercial PCR at a single laboratory in the South East, the annual incidence increased markedly (13.6 cases per 100,000 population in the catchment area between 2017 and 2020). There were notable changes in age and seasonal distribution of cases over time. The majority of infections were not linked to foreign travel and one in five patients was admitted to hospital. We estimate that around 7,500 Y. enterocolitica infections may be undiagnosed in England annually. Conclusions Findings suggest a considerable number of undiagnosed yersiniosis cases in England, with possibly important changes in the epidemiology. The apparently low incidence of yersiniosis in England is probably due to limited laboratory testing. |
| Author | McCarthy, Noel D Šumilo, Dana Paranthaman, Karthik Love, Nicola K Manuel, Rohini Jenkins, Claire Dabke, Girija |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1128/JCM.42.6.2789-2791.2004 10.1099/mic.0.000311 10.1128/9781555817381.ch39 10.1007/s100960050219 10.1093/cid/cis028 10.1136/jcp.55.10.729 10.1016/S1286-4579(00)00311-7 10.1099/jmm.0.000943 10.3390/pathogens10020191 10.1099/mic.0.2006/000919-0 10.1099/jmm.0.001125 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.01.008 |
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| Copyright | Copyright Centre Europeen pour la Surveillance Epidemiologique du SIDA (European Centre for the Epidemiological Monitoring of AIDS) Apr 6, 2023 This article is copyright of the authors or their affiliated institutions, 2023. 2023 The authors or their affiliated institutions |
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| Keywords | England Yersinia Enterocolitica Surveillance Epidemiology Incidence |
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| References_xml | – volume: 19 issue: 2 year: 2021 ident: r5 article-title: The European Union One Health 2019 Zoonoses Report. publication-title: EFSA J – volume: 42 start-page: 2789 issue: 6 year: 2004 ident: r17 article-title: Multiple outbreaks of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infections in Finland. publication-title: J Clin Microbiol doi: 10.1128/JCM.42.6.2789-2791.2004 – volume: 162 start-page: 1379 issue: 8 year: 2016 ident: r22 article-title: All Yersinia enterocolitica are pathogenic: virulence of phylogroup 1 Y. enterocolitica in a Galleria mellonella infection model. publication-title: Microbiology (Reading) doi: 10.1099/mic.0.000311 – ident: r2 doi: 10.1128/9781555817381.ch39 – volume: 18 start-page: 1 issue: 1 year: 1999 ident: r6 article-title: Yersiniosis I: microbiological and clinicoepidemiological aspects of plague and non-plague Yersinia infections. publication-title: Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis doi: 10.1007/s100960050219 – ident: r23 – volume: 54 start-page: 1275 issue: 9 year: 2012 ident: r15 article-title: Changes in causes of acute gastroenteritis in the United Kingdom over 15 years: microbiologic findings from 2 prospective, population-based studies of infectious intestinal disease. publication-title: Clin Infect Dis doi: 10.1093/cid/cis028 – volume: 55 start-page: 729 issue: 10 year: 2002 ident: r12 article-title: Clinical pathology accreditation: standards for the medical laboratory. publication-title: J Clin Pathol doi: 10.1136/jcp.55.10.729 – volume: 2 start-page: 497 issue: 5 year: 2000 ident: r19 article-title: Yersiniae other than Y. enterocolitica, Y. pseudotuberculosis, and Y. pestis: the ignored species. publication-title: Microbes Infect doi: 10.1016/S1286-4579(00)00311-7 – ident: r7 – volume: 19 issue: 12 year: 2021 ident: r1 article-title: The European Union One Health 2020 Zoonoses Report. publication-title: EFSA J – ident: r3 – volume: 17 year: 2021 ident: r4 article-title: Risk factors for sporadic Yersinia enterocolitica infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis. publication-title: Microb Risk Anal – ident: r11 – volume: 68 start-page: 538 issue: 4 year: 2019 ident: r20 article-title: Identification and typing of Yersinia enterocolitica and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis isolated from human clinical specimens in England between 2004 and 2018. publication-title: J Med Microbiol doi: 10.1099/jmm.0.000943 – ident: r13 – volume: 10 start-page: 191 issue: 2 year: 2021 ident: r16 article-title: Yersiniosis in New Zealand. publication-title: Pathogens doi: 10.3390/pathogens10020191 – volume: 153 start-page: 1339 issue: Pt 5 year: 2007 ident: r21 article-title: An aflagellate mutant Yersinia enterocolitica biotype 1A strain displays altered invasion of epithelial cells, persistence in macrophages, and cytokine secretion profiles in vitro. publication-title: Microbiology (Reading) doi: 10.1099/mic.0.2006/000919-0 – ident: r8 – ident: r14 – volume: 69 start-page: 419 issue: 3 year: 2020 ident: r9 article-title: Introduction of PCR testing reveals a previously unrecognized burden of yersiniosis in Hampshire, UK. publication-title: J Med Microbiol doi: 10.1099/jmm.0.001125 – ident: r10 – volume: 104 start-page: 72 year: 2017 ident: r18 article-title: Virulence-related genes, adhesion and invasion of some Yersinia enterocolitica-like strains suggests its pathogenic potential. publication-title: Microb Pathog doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.01.008 |
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| Snippet | BackgroundYersiniosis is one of the most common food-borne zoonoses in Europe, but there are large variations in the reported incidence between different... Background Yersiniosis is one of the most common food-borne zoonoses in Europe, but there are large variations in the reported incidence between different... |
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| SubjectTerms | Animals England - epidemiology Epidemiology Europe Health surveillance Humans Infections Surveillance Yersinia enterocolitica Yersinia Infections - diagnosis Yersinia Infections - epidemiology Zoonoses |
| Title | Forgotten but not gone: Yersinia infections in England, 1975 to 2020 |
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