Effects of Antidepressants on Sleep

Purpose of Review The aim of this review article was to summarize recent publications on effects of antidepressants on sleep and to show that these effects not only depend on the kind of antidepressant drugs but are also related to the dose, the time of drug administration, and the duration of the t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Current psychiatry reports Vol. 19; no. 9; p. 63
Main Authors: Wichniak, Adam, Wierzbicka, Aleksandra, Walęcka, Małgorzata, Jernajczyk, Wojciech
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: New York Springer US 01.09.2017
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:
Antidepressants
Antidepressive Agents - administration & dosage
Antidepressive Agents - adverse effects
Depressive Disorder - drug therapy
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Drug Administration Schedule
Humans
Insomnia
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Psychiatry
Restless legs syndrome
Section Editor
Sleep
Sleep - drug effects
Sleep Disorders (P Gehrman
Sleep Disorders (P Gehrman, Section Editor)
Sleep Wake Disorders - chemically induced
Time Factors
Topical Collection on Sleep Disorders
Depression
Sleep
Antidepressants
Insomnia
ISSN:1523-3812, 1535-1645, 1535-1645
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Purpose of Review The aim of this review article was to summarize recent publications on effects of antidepressants on sleep and to show that these effects not only depend on the kind of antidepressant drugs but are also related to the dose, the time of drug administration, and the duration of the treatment. Recent Findings Complaints of disrupted sleep are very common in patients suffering from depression, and they are listed among diagnostic criteria for this disorder. Moreover, midnocturnal insomnia is the most frequent residual symptom of depression. Thus, all antidepressants should normalize sleep. However, at least in short-term treatment, many antidepressants with so-called activating effects (e.g. fluoxetine, venlafaxine) may disrupt sleep, while others with sedative properties (e.g., doxepin, mirtazapine, trazodone) rapidly improve sleep, but may cause problems in long-term treatment due to oversedation.For sleep-promoting action, the best effects can frequently be achieved with a very low dose, administered early enough before bedtime and importantly, always as a part of more complex interventions based on the cognitive-behavioral protocol to treat insomnia (CBT-I). Summary For successful treatment of depression, it is necessary to understand the effects of antidepressants on sleep. Each physician should also be aware that some antidepressants may worsen or induce primary sleep disorders like restless legs syndrome, sleep bruxism, REM sleep behavior disorder, nightmares, and sleep apnea, which may result from an antidepressant-induced weight gain.
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ISSN:1523-3812
1535-1645
1535-1645
DOI:10.1007/s11920-017-0816-4