Butyrate producers, “The Sentinel of Gut”: Their intestinal significance with and beyond butyrate, and prospective use as microbial therapeutics

Gut-microbial butyrate is a short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) of significant physiological importance than the other major SCFAs (acetate and propionate). Most butyrate producers belong to the Clostridium cluster of the phylum Firmicutes, such as Faecalibacterium , Roseburia , Eubacterium , Anaerostipes...

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Vydané v:Frontiers in microbiology Ročník 13; s. 1103836
Hlavní autori: Singh, Vineet, Lee, GyuDae, Son, HyunWoo, Koh, Hong, Kim, Eun Soo, Unno, Tatsuya, Shin, Jae-Ho
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 12.01.2023
Predmet:
butyrate producers
colorectal cancer
gut epithelial barrier
gut inflammation
immunomodulation
microbial homeostasis
Microbiology
immunomodulation
gut epithelial barrier
colorectal cancer
gut-organ axis
microbial homeostasis
gut inflammation
butyrate producers
ISSN:1664-302X, 1664-302X
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Shrnutí:Gut-microbial butyrate is a short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) of significant physiological importance than the other major SCFAs (acetate and propionate). Most butyrate producers belong to the Clostridium cluster of the phylum Firmicutes, such as Faecalibacterium , Roseburia , Eubacterium , Anaerostipes , Coprococcus , Subdoligranulum , and Anaerobutyricum . They metabolize carbohydrates via the butyryl-CoA: acetate CoA-transferase pathway and butyrate kinase terminal enzymes to produce most of butyrate. Although, in minor fractions, amino acids can also be utilized to generate butyrate via glutamate and lysine pathways. Butyrogenic microbes play a vital role in various gut-associated metabolisms. Butyrate is used by colonocytes to generate energy, stabilizes hypoxia-inducible factor to maintain the anaerobic environment in the gut, maintains gut barrier integrity by regulating Claudin-1 and synaptopodin expression, limits pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-12), and inhibits oncogenic pathways (Akt/ERK, Wnt, and TGF-β signaling). Colonic butyrate producers shape the gut microbial community by secreting various anti-microbial substances, such as cathelicidins, reuterin, and β-defensin-1, and maintain gut homeostasis by releasing anti-inflammatory molecules, such as IgA, vitamin B, and microbial anti-inflammatory molecules. Additionally, butyrate producers, such as Roseburia , produce anti-carcinogenic metabolites, such as shikimic acid and a precursor of conjugated linoleic acid. In this review, we summarized the significance of butyrate, critically examined the role and relevance of butyrate producers, and contextualized their importance as microbial therapeutics.
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Edited by: Muhammad Shahid Riaz Rajoka, Tohoku University, Japan
Tatsuya Unno, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2373-2100
ORCID: Vineet Singh, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2458-3282
Jae-Ho Shin, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6450-9787
This article was submitted to Microorganisms in Vertebrate Digestive Systems, a section of the journal Frontiers in Microbiology
Reviewed by: Jadoon Khan, COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan; Shakeel Ahmad, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Pakistan
ISSN:1664-302X
1664-302X
DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2022.1103836