Detecting the initial impact of humans and introduced species on island environments in Remote Oceania using palaeoecology

The isolated archipelagos of Remote Oceania provide useful microcosms for understanding the impacts of initial human colonization. Palaeoecological data from most islands reveal catastrophic transformations, with losses of many species through over-hunting, deforestation and the introduction of nove...

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Vydáno v:	Biological invasions Ročník 11; číslo 7; s. 1529 - 1556
Hlavní autoři:	Prebble, Matiu, Wilmshurst, Janet M
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	Dordrecht Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands 01.08.2009 Springer Netherlands Springer Nature B.V
Témata:	Agriculture anthropogenic activities Archipelagoes Austral Archipelago Biomedical and Life Sciences buried seeds Charcoal Colonization crops Deforestation Developmental Biology Ecological effects Ecology environmental impact French Polynesia Freshwater & Marine Ecology human colonization humans introduced plants Introduced species Invasive Rodents on Islands Islands Islands of the Pacific Life Sciences New Zealand paleoecology palynology Plant Sciences Pollen Predators Prehistoric era rat gnawed seeds rats Rattus exulans Rimatara Rodents Studies Vegetation changes New Zealand Pacific Ocean Islands French Polynesia Austral Islands Islands of the Pacific PSE, New Zealand I, Pacific Deforestation Palynology Introduced plants Rat gnawed seeds Islands Human colonization
ISSN:	1387-3547, 1573-1464
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Shrnutí:	The isolated archipelagos of Remote Oceania provide useful microcosms for understanding the impacts of initial human colonization. Palaeoecological data from most islands reveal catastrophic transformations, with losses of many species through over-hunting, deforestation and the introduction of novel mammalian predators, the most ubiquitous and devastating being commensal rats. Two case studies from the Austral Islands and New Zealand demonstrate the potential of direct human proxies from palaeoecological archives to detect initial human impacts on islands. We show how pollen from introduced crop plants, and buried seeds with gnaw marks from the introduced Pacific rat (Rattus exulans) provide a reliable means of detecting initial human colonization and highlight the downstream ecological consequences of agriculture and rat introduction on previously uninhabited pristine island ecosystems. Previous studies have relied on indirect signals of human arrival based on charcoal and associated vegetation changes, the causes of which are often more difficult to interpret with certainty.
Bibliografie:	http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10530-008-9405-0 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 14 ObjectType-Article-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 ObjectType-Article-2
ISSN:	1387-3547 1573-1464
DOI:	10.1007/s10530-008-9405-0