Temporal Changes in Breast Milk Fatty Acids Contents: A Case Study of Malay Breastfeeding Women

The composition of human breast milk changes in the first two months of life, adapting itself to the evolving needs of the growing new-born. Lipids in milk are a source of energy, essential fatty acids (FA), fat-soluble vitamins, and vital bioactive components. Information on breast milk FA of Malay...

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Vydané v:	Nutrients Ročník 13; číslo 1; s. 101
Hlavní autori:	Khor, Geok Lin, Tan, Seok Shin, Stoutjesdijk, Eline, Ng, Kock Wai Tony, Khouw, Ilse, Bragt, Marjolijn, Schaafsma, Anne, Dijck-Brouwer, D. A. Janneke, Muskiet, Frits A. J.
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	Switzerland MDPI AG 30.12.2020 MDPI
Predmet:	air alpha-linolenic acid Analysis Baby foods Breast feeding breast milk Breastfeeding & lactation Case studies Chromatography Clinical medicine Dietary supplements energy Ethics Fatty acids information lactation Lactose linoleic acid Linolenic acids Lipids Milk Monounsaturated fatty acids Netherlands Nutrition Oils & fats oleic acid Omega-3 fatty acids palmitic acid Polyunsaturated fatty acids pregnancy Recruitment Saturated fatty acids Urban areas Netherlands China Malaysia temporal changes postpartum breast milk fatty acids maternal dietary intake
ISSN:	2072-6643, 2072-6643
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Shrnutí:	The composition of human breast milk changes in the first two months of life, adapting itself to the evolving needs of the growing new-born. Lipids in milk are a source of energy, essential fatty acids (FA), fat-soluble vitamins, and vital bioactive components. Information on breast milk FA of Malaysian lactating women is scarce. Based on convenience sampling, a total of 20 Malay breastfeeding women who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were recruited. Breast milk was collected three times from each subject at consecutive intervals of 2–3 weeks apart. A total of 60 breast milk samples were collected and classified into “transitional milk” (n = 8), “early milk” (n = 26) and “mature milk” (n = 26). All milk samples were air freighted to University of Groningen, Netherlands for analysis. The dominant breast milk FA were oleic acid, constituting 33% of total fatty acids, followed by palmitic acid (26%). Both these FA and the essential FA, linoleic acid (10%) and alpha-linolenic acid (0.4%), showed no significant changes from transitional to mature milk. Breast milk ratio of n-6:n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) was comparatively high, exceeding 10 throughout the lactation period, suggesting a healthier balance of PUFA intake is needed in pregnancy and at postpartum.
Bibliografia:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 ObjectType-Report-3 ObjectType-Case Study-4 ObjectType-Article-2 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23
ISSN:	2072-6643 2072-6643
DOI:	10.3390/nu13010101