A Heart Rate Based Algorithm to Estimate Core Temperature Responses in Elite Athletes Exercising in the Heat
Non-invasive non-obtrusive continuous and real-time monitoring of core temperature (T ) may enhance pacing strategies, the efficacy of heat mitigation measures, and early identification of athletes at risk for heat-related disorders. The Estimated Core Temperature (ECTemp™) algorithm uses sequential...
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| Vydané v: | Frontiers in sports and active living Ročník 4; s. 882254 |
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| Hlavní autori: | , , , , , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | English |
| Vydavateľské údaje: |
Switzerland
Frontiers Media S.A
22.06.2022
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| Predmet: | |
| ISSN: | 2624-9367, 2624-9367 |
| On-line prístup: | Získať plný text |
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| Shrnutí: | Non-invasive non-obtrusive continuous and real-time monitoring of core temperature (T
) may enhance pacing strategies, the efficacy of heat mitigation measures, and early identification of athletes at risk for heat-related disorders. The Estimated Core Temperature (ECTemp™) algorithm uses sequential heart rate (HR) values to predict T
. We examined the validity of ECTemp™ among elite athletes exercising in the heat.
101 elite athletes performed an exercise test in simulated hot and humid environmental conditions (ambient temperature: 31.6 ± 1.0°C, relative humidity: 74 ± 5%). T
was continuously measured using a validated ingestible telemetric temperature capsule system. In addition, HR was continuously measured and used to compute the estimated core temperature (T
) using the ECTemp™ algorithm.
Athletes exercised for 44 ± 10 min and
= 5,025 readouts of T
(range: 35.8-40.4°C), HR (range: 45-207 bpm), and T
(range: 36.7-39.9°C) were collected. T
demonstrated a small yet significant bias of 0.15 ± 0.29°C (
< 0.001) compared to T
, with a limit of agreement of ±0.45°C and a root mean square error of 0.35 ± 0.18°C. Utilizing the ECTemp™ algorithm as a diagnostic test resulted in a fair to excellent sensitivity (73-96%) and specificity (72-93%) for T
thresholds between 37.75 and 38.75°C, but a low to very-low sensitivity (50-0%) for T
thresholds >39.0°C, due to a high prevalence of false-negative observations.
ECTemp™ provides a valuable and representative indication of thermal strain in the low- to mid-range of T
values observed during exercise in the heat. It may, therefore, be a useful non-invasive and non-obtrusive tool to inform athletes and coaches about the estimated core temperature during controlled hyperthermia heat acclimation protocols. However, the ECTemp™ algorithm, in its current form, should not solely be used to identify athletes at risk for heat-related disorders due to low sensitivity and high false-negative rate in the upper end of the T
spectrum. |
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| Bibliografia: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 Edited by: João Brito, Portuguese Football Federation, Portugal Reviewed by: Konstantinos Spyrou, Catholic University San Antonio of Murcia, Spain; Fabrício Vasconcellos, Rio de Janeiro State University, Brazil This article was submitted to Elite Sports and Performance Enhancement, a section of the journal Frontiers in Sports and Active Living |
| ISSN: | 2624-9367 2624-9367 |
| DOI: | 10.3389/fspor.2022.882254 |