Obesity, Diabetes and COVID-19: An Infectious Disease Spreading From the East Collides With the Consequences of an Unhealthy Western Lifestyle

The pandemic of COVID-19, caused by the coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has had a global impact not seen for an infectious disease for over a century. This acute pandemic has spread from the East and has been overlaid onto a slow pandemic of metabolic diseases of obesity and diabetes consequent from the in...

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Veröffentlicht in:Frontiers in endocrinology (Lausanne) Jg. 11; S. 582870
Hauptverfasser: Holly, Jeff M. P., Biernacka, Kalina, Maskell, Nick, Perks, Claire M.
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 17.09.2020
Schlagworte:
Betacoronavirus - isolation & purification
Coronavirus Infections - epidemiology
Coronavirus Infections - immunology
Coronavirus Infections - virology
COVID-19
COVID−19
diabetes
Diabetes Mellitus - physiopathology
Disease Susceptibility
Endocrinology
Humans
Life Style
obesity
Obesity - physiopathology
pandemic (COVID-19)
Pandemics
Pneumonia, Viral - epidemiology
Pneumonia, Viral - immunology
Pneumonia, Viral - virology
SARS-CoV-2
SARS-CoV-2
COVID−19
pandemic (COVID-19)
diabetes
obesity
ISSN:1664-2392, 1664-2392
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Abstract The pandemic of COVID-19, caused by the coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has had a global impact not seen for an infectious disease for over a century. This acute pandemic has spread from the East and has been overlaid onto a slow pandemic of metabolic diseases of obesity and diabetes consequent from the increasing adoption of a Western-lifestyle characterized by excess calorie consumption with limited physical activity. It has become clear that these conditions predispose individuals to a more severe COVID-19 with increased morbidity and mortality. There are many features of diabetes and obesity that may accentuate the clinical response to SARS-CoV-2 infection: including an impaired immune response, an atherothrombotic state, accumulation of advanced glycation end products and a chronic inflammatory state. These could prime an exaggerated cytokine response to viral infection, predisposing to the cytokine storm that triggers progression to septic shock, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and multi-organ failure. Infection leads to an inflammatory response and tissue damage resulting in increased metabolic activity and an associated increase in the mechanisms by which cells ingest and degrade tissue debris and foreign materials. It is becoming clear that viruses have acquired an ability to exploit these mechanisms to invade cells and facilitate their own life-cycle. In obesity and diabetes these mechanisms are chronically activated due to the deteriorating metabolic state and this may provide an increased opportunity for a more profound and sustained viral infection.
AbstractList The pandemic of COVID-19, caused by the coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has had a global impact not seen for an infectious disease for over a century. This acute pandemic has spread from the East and has been overlaid onto a slow pandemic of metabolic diseases of obesity and diabetes consequent from the increasing adoption of a Western-lifestyle characterized by excess calorie consumption with limited physical activity. It has become clear that these conditions predispose individuals to a more severe COVID-19 with increased morbidity and mortality. There are many features of diabetes and obesity that may accentuate the clinical response to SARS-CoV-2 infection: including an impaired immune response, an atherothrombotic state, accumulation of advanced glycation end products and a chronic inflammatory state. These could prime an exaggerated cytokine response to viral infection, predisposing to the cytokine storm that triggers progression to septic shock, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and multi-organ failure. Infection leads to an inflammatory response and tissue damage resulting in increased metabolic activity and an associated increase in the mechanisms by which cells ingest and degrade tissue debris and foreign materials. It is becoming clear that viruses have acquired an ability to exploit these mechanisms to invade cells and facilitate their own life-cycle. In obesity and diabetes these mechanisms are chronically activated due to the deteriorating metabolic state and this may provide an increased opportunity for a more profound and sustained viral infection.
The pandemic of COVID-19, caused by the coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has had a global impact not seen for an infectious disease for over a century. This acute pandemic has spread from the East and has been overlaid onto a slow pandemic of metabolic diseases of obesity and diabetes consequent from the increasing adoption of a Western-lifestyle characterized by excess calorie consumption with limited physical activity. It has become clear that these conditions predispose individuals to a more severe COVID-19 with increased morbidity and mortality. There are many features of diabetes and obesity that may accentuate the clinical response to SARS-CoV-2 infection: including an impaired immune response, an atherothrombotic state, accumulation of advanced glycation end products and a chronic inflammatory state. These could prime an exaggerated cytokine response to viral infection, predisposing to the cytokine storm that triggers progression to septic shock, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and multi-organ failure. Infection leads to an inflammatory response and tissue damage resulting in increased metabolic activity and an associated increase in the mechanisms by which cells ingest and degrade tissue debris and foreign materials. It is becoming clear that viruses have acquired an ability to exploit these mechanisms to invade cells and facilitate their own life-cycle. In obesity and diabetes these mechanisms are chronically activated due to the deteriorating metabolic state and this may provide an increased opportunity for a more profound and sustained viral infection.The pandemic of COVID-19, caused by the coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has had a global impact not seen for an infectious disease for over a century. This acute pandemic has spread from the East and has been overlaid onto a slow pandemic of metabolic diseases of obesity and diabetes consequent from the increasing adoption of a Western-lifestyle characterized by excess calorie consumption with limited physical activity. It has become clear that these conditions predispose individuals to a more severe COVID-19 with increased morbidity and mortality. There are many features of diabetes and obesity that may accentuate the clinical response to SARS-CoV-2 infection: including an impaired immune response, an atherothrombotic state, accumulation of advanced glycation end products and a chronic inflammatory state. These could prime an exaggerated cytokine response to viral infection, predisposing to the cytokine storm that triggers progression to septic shock, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and multi-organ failure. Infection leads to an inflammatory response and tissue damage resulting in increased metabolic activity and an associated increase in the mechanisms by which cells ingest and degrade tissue debris and foreign materials. It is becoming clear that viruses have acquired an ability to exploit these mechanisms to invade cells and facilitate their own life-cycle. In obesity and diabetes these mechanisms are chronically activated due to the deteriorating metabolic state and this may provide an increased opportunity for a more profound and sustained viral infection.
Author Holly, Jeff M. P.
Perks, Claire M.
Maskell, Nick
Biernacka, Kalina
AuthorAffiliation Faculty of Medicine, School of Translational Health Science, Southmead Hospital, University of Bristol , Bristol , United Kingdom
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: Faculty of Medicine, School of Translational Health Science, Southmead Hospital, University of Bristol , Bristol , United Kingdom
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  fullname: Biernacka, Kalina
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Nick
  surname: Maskell
  fullname: Maskell, Nick
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Claire M.
  surname: Perks
  fullname: Perks, Claire M.
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Keywords SARS-CoV-2
COVID−19
pandemic (COVID-19)
diabetes
obesity
Language English
License Copyright © 2020 Holly, Biernacka, Maskell and Perks.
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This article was submitted to Clinical Diabetes, a section of the journal Frontiers in Endocrinology
Edited by: Stefan Zoltán Lutz, Bad Sebastiansweiler, Germany
Reviewed by: Norbert Stefan, University of Tübingen, Germany; Andreas Peter, Tübingen University Hospital, Germany
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Snippet The pandemic of COVID-19, caused by the coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has had a global impact not seen for an infectious disease for over a century. This acute...
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SubjectTerms Betacoronavirus - isolation & purification
Coronavirus Infections - epidemiology
Coronavirus Infections - immunology
Coronavirus Infections - virology
COVID-19
COVID−19
diabetes
Diabetes Mellitus - physiopathology
Disease Susceptibility
Endocrinology
Humans
Life Style
obesity
Obesity - physiopathology
pandemic (COVID-19)
Pandemics
Pneumonia, Viral - epidemiology
Pneumonia, Viral - immunology
Pneumonia, Viral - virology
SARS-CoV-2
Title Obesity, Diabetes and COVID-19: An Infectious Disease Spreading From the East Collides With the Consequences of an Unhealthy Western Lifestyle
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33042029
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2449992360
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC7527410
https://doaj.org/article/41d8cd43b95c407c93fbc2039ff6035f
Volume 11
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