Symbiotic Associations: Key Factors That Determine Physiology and Lipid Accumulation in Oleaginous Microorganisms

Symbiosis naturally provides an opportunity for microorganisms to live together by mutual or one-way benefit. In symbiotic relationships, the microorganisms usually overcome the limitations of being free-living. Understanding the symbiotic relationships of oleaginous microorganisms provides potentia...

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Published in:Frontiers in microbiology Vol. 11; p. 555312
Main Authors: Deka, Deepi, Sonowal, Shashanka, Chikkaputtaiah, Channakeshavaiah, Velmurugan, Natarajan
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 16.12.2020
Subjects:
artificial symbiosis
evolutionary relationships
Microbiology
oleaginous microorganisms
physiology
symbiotic associations
physiology
symbiotic associations
evolutionary relationships
oleaginous microorganisms
artificial symbiosis
ISSN:1664-302X, 1664-302X
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Symbiosis naturally provides an opportunity for microorganisms to live together by mutual or one-way benefit. In symbiotic relationships, the microorganisms usually overcome the limitations of being free-living. Understanding the symbiotic relationships of oleaginous microorganisms provides potential route for the sustainable production of microbial-based alternative fuels. So far, several studies have been conducted in oleaginous microorganisms for the production of alternative fuels. However, some oleaginous microorganisms require high quantity of nutrients for their growth, and high level of energy and chemicals for harvest and separation of lipid bodies. Symbiotic associations can successfully be applied to address these issues. Of symbiotic associations, lichens and selective species of oleaginous endosymbiotic mucoromycotina have received substantial interest as better models to study the evolutionary relationships as well as single-cell oil production. Construction of artificial lichen system composed of cyanobacteria and oleaginous yeast has been achieved for sustainable production of lipids with minimum energy demand. Recently, endosymbiotic mucoromycotina species have been recognized as potential sources for biofuels. Studies found that endohyphal bacterium influences lipid profiling in endosymbiotic mucoromycotina species. Studies on the genetic factors related to oleaginous characteristics of endosymbiotic mucoromycotina species are scarce. In this regard, this review summarizes the different forms of symbiotic associations of oleaginous microorganisms and how symbiotic relationships are impacting the lipid formation in microorganisms. Further, the review also highlights the importance of evolutionary relationships and benefits of co-culturing (artificial symbiosis) approaches for sustainable production of biofuels.
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Edited by: Xiaochao Xiong, Washington State University, United States
Reviewed by: Tingting Li, Lanzhou University, China; Janet R. Donaldson, University of Southern Mississippi, United States; Alok Patel, Luleå University of Technology, Sweden
This article was submitted to Microbial Physiology and Metabolism, a section of the journal Frontiers in Microbiology
These authors have contributed equally to this work
ISSN:1664-302X
1664-302X
DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2020.555312