Anxiety Disorders are Associated with Reduced Heart Rate Variability: A Meta-Analysis

Anxiety disorders increase risk of future cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality, even after controlling for confounds including smoking, lifestyle, and socioeconomic status, and irrespective of a history of medical disorders. While impaired vagal function, indicated by reductions in heart rate...

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Vydané v:Frontiers in psychiatry Ročník 5; s. 80
Hlavní autori: Chalmers, John A., Quintana, Daniel S., Abbott, Maree J.-Anne, Kemp, Andrew H.
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 11.07.2014
Predmet:
Anxiety
Anxiety Disorders
cardiovascular disease
Heart rate variability
Meta-analysis
Psychiatry
meta-analysis
anxiety
cardiovascular disease
treatment
anxiety disorders
heart rate variability
ISSN:1664-0640, 1664-0640
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Shrnutí:Anxiety disorders increase risk of future cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality, even after controlling for confounds including smoking, lifestyle, and socioeconomic status, and irrespective of a history of medical disorders. While impaired vagal function, indicated by reductions in heart rate variability (HRV), may be one mechanism linking anxiety disorders to CVD, prior studies have reported inconsistent findings highlighting the need for meta-analysis. Studies comparing resting-state HRV recordings in patients with an anxiety disorder as a primary diagnosis and healthy controls were considered for meta-analysis. Meta-analyses were based on 36 articles, including 2086 patients with an anxiety disorder and 2294 controls. Overall, anxiety disorders were characterized by lower HRV [high frequency (HF): Hedges' g = -0.29. 95% CI: -0.41 to -0.17, p < 0.001; time domain: Hedges' g = -0.45, 95% CI: -0.57 to -0.33, p < 0.001] than controls. Panic disorder (n = 447), post-traumatic stress disorder (n = 192), generalized anxiety disorder (n = 68), and social anxiety disorder (n = 90), but not obsessive-compulsive disorder (n = 40), displayed reductions in HF HRV relative to controls (all ps < 0.001). Anxiety disorders are associated with reduced HRV, findings associated with a small-to-moderate effect size. Findings have important implications for future physical health and well-being of patients, highlighting a need for comprehensive cardiovascular risk reduction.
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Reviewed by: Nathalie Michels, Ghent University, Belgium; Angela Marie Lachowski, Ryerson University, Canada
Edited by: Silvia Raquel Soares Ouakinin, University of Lisbon, Portugal
This article was submitted to Affective Disorders and Psychosomatic Research, a section of the journal Frontiers in Psychiatry.
ISSN:1664-0640
1664-0640
DOI:10.3389/fpsyt.2014.00080