Toll like receptor-9 agonists stimulate prostate cancer invasion in vitro
BACKGROUND Toll‐like receptor 9 (TLR9) recognizes microbial DNA. In addition to immune cells, TLR9 expression has been detected in various cancer cells. We showed recently that TLR9 agonistic CpG‐oligonucleotides (CpG‐ODNs) induce matrix metalloproteinase‐13 (MMP‐13)‐mediated invasion in TLR9‐expres...
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| Vydáno v: | The Prostate Ročník 67; číslo 7; s. 774 - 781 |
|---|---|
| Hlavní autoři: | , , , , , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Vydáno: |
Hoboken
Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company
15.05.2007
Wiley-Liss |
| Témata: | |
| ISSN: | 0270-4137, 1097-0045 |
| On-line přístup: | Získat plný text |
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| Abstract | BACKGROUND
Toll‐like receptor 9 (TLR9) recognizes microbial DNA. In addition to immune cells, TLR9 expression has been detected in various cancer cells. We showed recently that TLR9 agonistic CpG‐oligonucleotides (CpG‐ODNs) induce matrix metalloproteinase‐13 (MMP‐13)‐mediated invasion in TLR9‐expressing (TLR9+) breast cancer cells. We investigated here TLR9 expression and function in human prostate cancer (CaP) cells.
METHODS
TLR9 expression was detected with Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Invasion was studied with Matrigel‐assays. MMP‐13 was assayed with ELISA.
RESULTS
Human CaP cell lines and clinical samples exhibit various levels of TLR9 expression. Treatment of TLR9+, but not TLR9− CaP cells with CpG‐ODNs or bacterial DNA increased their invasion, which was inhibited with chloroquine. CpG‐ODN‐treatment also increased MMP‐13 activity and neutralizing anti‐MMP‐13 antibody prevented CpG‐ODN‐induced invasion in TLR9+ CaP cells. Estradiol up‐regulated TLR9 expression in LnCaP cells.
CONCLUSIONS
TLR9‐mediated invasion may represent a novel mechanism through which infections promote prostate cancer. Prostate 67: 774–781, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) recognizes microbial DNA. In addition to immune cells, TLR9 expression has been detected in various cancer cells. We showed recently that TLR9 agonistic CpG-oligonucleotides (CpG-ODNs) induce matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13)-mediated invasion in TLR9-expressing (TLR9(+)) breast cancer cells. We investigated here TLR9 expression and function in human prostate cancer (CaP) cells.
TLR9 expression was detected with Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Invasion was studied with Matrigel-assays. MMP-13 was assayed with ELISA.
Human CaP cell lines and clinical samples exhibit various levels of TLR9 expression. Treatment of TLR9(+), but not TLR9(-) CaP cells with CpG-ODNs or bacterial DNA increased their invasion, which was inhibited with chloroquine. CpG-ODN-treatment also increased MMP-13 activity and neutralizing anti-MMP-13 antibody prevented CpG-ODN-induced invasion in TLR9(+) CaP cells. Estradiol up-regulated TLR9 expression in LnCaP cells.
TLR9-mediated invasion may represent a novel mechanism through which infections promote prostate cancer. Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) recognizes microbial DNA. In addition to immune cells, TLR9 expression has been detected in various cancer cells. We showed recently that TLR9 agonistic CpG-oligonucleotides (CpG-ODNs) induce matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13)-mediated invasion in TLR9-expressing (TLR9(+)) breast cancer cells. We investigated here TLR9 expression and function in human prostate cancer (CaP) cells.BACKGROUNDToll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) recognizes microbial DNA. In addition to immune cells, TLR9 expression has been detected in various cancer cells. We showed recently that TLR9 agonistic CpG-oligonucleotides (CpG-ODNs) induce matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13)-mediated invasion in TLR9-expressing (TLR9(+)) breast cancer cells. We investigated here TLR9 expression and function in human prostate cancer (CaP) cells.TLR9 expression was detected with Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Invasion was studied with Matrigel-assays. MMP-13 was assayed with ELISA.METHODSTLR9 expression was detected with Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Invasion was studied with Matrigel-assays. MMP-13 was assayed with ELISA.Human CaP cell lines and clinical samples exhibit various levels of TLR9 expression. Treatment of TLR9(+), but not TLR9(-) CaP cells with CpG-ODNs or bacterial DNA increased their invasion, which was inhibited with chloroquine. CpG-ODN-treatment also increased MMP-13 activity and neutralizing anti-MMP-13 antibody prevented CpG-ODN-induced invasion in TLR9(+) CaP cells. Estradiol up-regulated TLR9 expression in LnCaP cells.RESULTSHuman CaP cell lines and clinical samples exhibit various levels of TLR9 expression. Treatment of TLR9(+), but not TLR9(-) CaP cells with CpG-ODNs or bacterial DNA increased their invasion, which was inhibited with chloroquine. CpG-ODN-treatment also increased MMP-13 activity and neutralizing anti-MMP-13 antibody prevented CpG-ODN-induced invasion in TLR9(+) CaP cells. Estradiol up-regulated TLR9 expression in LnCaP cells.TLR9-mediated invasion may represent a novel mechanism through which infections promote prostate cancer.CONCLUSIONSTLR9-mediated invasion may represent a novel mechanism through which infections promote prostate cancer. BACKGROUND Toll‐like receptor 9 (TLR9) recognizes microbial DNA. In addition to immune cells, TLR9 expression has been detected in various cancer cells. We showed recently that TLR9 agonistic CpG‐oligonucleotides (CpG‐ODNs) induce matrix metalloproteinase‐13 (MMP‐13)‐mediated invasion in TLR9‐expressing (TLR9+) breast cancer cells. We investigated here TLR9 expression and function in human prostate cancer (CaP) cells. METHODS TLR9 expression was detected with Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Invasion was studied with Matrigel‐assays. MMP‐13 was assayed with ELISA. RESULTS Human CaP cell lines and clinical samples exhibit various levels of TLR9 expression. Treatment of TLR9+, but not TLR9− CaP cells with CpG‐ODNs or bacterial DNA increased their invasion, which was inhibited with chloroquine. CpG‐ODN‐treatment also increased MMP‐13 activity and neutralizing anti‐MMP‐13 antibody prevented CpG‐ODN‐induced invasion in TLR9+ CaP cells. Estradiol up‐regulated TLR9 expression in LnCaP cells. CONCLUSIONS TLR9‐mediated invasion may represent a novel mechanism through which infections promote prostate cancer. Prostate 67: 774–781, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. |
| Author | Swain, Telisha Millender Zayzafoon, Majd Selander, Katri S. Davidson, Jennifer Ilvesaro, Joanna M. Merrell, Melinda A. Harris, Kevin W. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Joanna M. surname: Ilvesaro fullname: Ilvesaro, Joanna M. organization: Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama – sequence: 2 givenname: Melinda A. surname: Merrell fullname: Merrell, Melinda A. organization: Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama – sequence: 3 givenname: Telisha Millender surname: Swain fullname: Swain, Telisha Millender organization: Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama – sequence: 4 givenname: Jennifer surname: Davidson fullname: Davidson, Jennifer organization: Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama – sequence: 5 givenname: Majd surname: Zayzafoon fullname: Zayzafoon, Majd organization: Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama – sequence: 6 givenname: Kevin W. surname: Harris fullname: Harris, Kevin W. organization: Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama – sequence: 7 givenname: Katri S. surname: Selander fullname: Selander, Katri S. email: Katri.Selander@ccc.uab.edu organization: Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama |
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| Keywords | Andrology Agonist Nephrology Urinary system disease Prostate disease Gynecology Malignant tumor Toll-like receptor 9 In vitro Collagenase 3 Invasion Toll like receptor 9 matrix metalloproteinase-13 Male genital diseases Prostate cancer |
| Language | English |
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J Immunol 2004; 173(2): 1219-1223. 2004; 145 1998; 160 2004; 64 2005; 295 2005; 174 2006; 12 2004; 25 2005; 116 2002; 33 2006; 15 2006; 7 2003; 171 2006; 176 2003; 15 2006 2006; 4 2004; 91 2005; 28 2006; 117 2003; 55 2004; 10 2004; 112 2000; 408 2004; 153 2004; 279 2004; 136 2004; 92 2004; 113 2000 2004; 16 2001; 193 2002; 62 2006; 66 2005; 202 2004; 173 2002; 420 2005; 52 2005; 7 2005; 308 2005; 6 2001; 15 2003; 85 2003; 63 2003; 43 2003; 121 Bosland MC (e_1_2_1_39_2) 2005; 7 Hara T (e_1_2_1_22_2) 2003; 63 e_1_2_1_41_2 e_1_2_1_40_2 e_1_2_1_45_2 e_1_2_1_23_2 e_1_2_1_44_2 e_1_2_1_20_2 e_1_2_1_43_2 e_1_2_1_21_2 e_1_2_1_42_2 e_1_2_1_26_2 e_1_2_1_27_2 e_1_2_1_47_2 e_1_2_1_25_2 e_1_2_1_46_2 e_1_2_1_29_2 Macfarlane DE (e_1_2_1_28_2) 1998; 160 e_1_2_1_6_2 e_1_2_1_30_2 e_1_2_1_7_2 e_1_2_1_4_2 e_1_2_1_5_2 e_1_2_1_2_2 e_1_2_1_11_2 e_1_2_1_34_2 e_1_2_1_3_2 e_1_2_1_12_2 e_1_2_1_33_2 e_1_2_1_32_2 e_1_2_1_10_2 e_1_2_1_31_2 e_1_2_1_15_2 e_1_2_1_38_2 e_1_2_1_16_2 e_1_2_1_37_2 e_1_2_1_13_2 e_1_2_1_36_2 e_1_2_1_14_2 e_1_2_1_35_2 e_1_2_1_19_2 Virtanen SS (e_1_2_1_24_2) 2002; 62 e_1_2_1_8_2 e_1_2_1_17_2 e_1_2_1_9_2 e_1_2_1_18_2 |
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– volume: 7 start-page: 49 issue: 1 year: 2006 end-page: 56 article-title: Intracellular localization of Toll‐like receptor 9 prevents recognition of self DNA but facilitates access to viral DNA publication-title: Nat Immunol – volume: 121 start-page: 1389 issue: 6 year: 2003 end-page: 1396 article-title: Toll‐like receptor expression in human keratinocytes: Nuclear factor kappaB controlled gene activation by Staphylococcus aureus is toll‐like receptor 2 but not toll‐like receptor 4 or platelet activating factor receptor dependent publication-title: J Invest Dermatol – volume: 136 start-page: 521 issue: 3 year: 2004 end-page: 526 article-title: Expression and subcellular distribution of toll‐like receptors TLR4, TLR5 and TLR9 on the gastric epithelium in Helicobacter pylori infection publication-title: Clin Exp Immunol – volume: 6 start-page: 1 issue: 1 year: 2005 article-title: Human lung cancer cells express functionally active Toll‐like receptor 9 publication-title: Respir Res – volume: 173 start-page: 1179 issue: 2 year: 2004 end-page: 1183 article-title: TLR9 is localized in the endoplasmic reticulum prior to stimulation publication-title: J Immunol – volume: 15 start-page: 156 issue: 3 year: 2001 end-page: 165 article-title: Induction of proinflammatory and chemokine genes by lipopolysaccharide and paclitaxel (Taxol) in murine and human breast cancer cell lines publication-title: Cytokine – volume: 15 start-page: 440 issue: 6 year: 2003 end-page: 445 article-title: CpG DNA and cancer immunotherapy: Orchestrating the antitumor immune response publication-title: Curr Opin Oncol – volume: 7 start-page: S4 issue: Suppl 3 year: 2005 end-page: S10 article-title: The role of estrogens in prostate carcinogenesis: A rationale for chemoprevention publication-title: Rev Urol – volume: 55 start-page: 180 issue: 3 year: 2003 end-page: 186 article-title: Expression of ERalpha and ERbeta in prostate cancer publication-title: Prostate – volume: 10 start-page: 406 issue: 6 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Toll‐like receptor 9 (TLR9) recognizes microbial DNA. In addition to immune cells, TLR9 expression has been detected in various cancer cells. We... Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) recognizes microbial DNA. In addition to immune cells, TLR9 expression has been detected in various cancer cells. We showed... |
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| SubjectTerms | Adjuvants, Immunologic - pharmacology Antimalarials - pharmacology Biological and medical sciences Cell Line, Tumor Chloroquine - pharmacology DNA, Bacterial - pharmacology Estradiol - pharmacology Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic - drug effects Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics Humans Infection - complications invasion Male Male genital diseases Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 - genetics Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 - physiology matrix metalloproteinase-13 Medical sciences Neoplasm Invasiveness Nephrology. Urinary tract diseases Oligodeoxyribonucleotides - pharmacology prostate cancer Prostatic Neoplasms - genetics Prostatic Neoplasms - pathology Toll-like receptor 9 Toll-Like Receptor 9 - agonists Toll-Like Receptor 9 - genetics Toll-Like Receptor 9 - physiology Tumors Tumors of the urinary system Urinary tract. Prostate gland |
| Title | Toll like receptor-9 agonists stimulate prostate cancer invasion in vitro |
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